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Linking the spatiotemporal variation of litterfall to standing vegetation biomass in Brazilian savannas

Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第5期13卷 517-524页

作者： Alan N.Costa Jeane R.Souza Karyne m.Alves Anderson Penna-Oliveira Geisciele Paula-Silva Ingrid S.becker Kelly marinho-Vieira Ana L.Bonfim Alessandra Bartimachi Ernane H.m.Vieira-Neto Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândia 38405-320MGBrazil Instituto de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de GoiásCatalão 75704-000GOBrazil Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Aims Litterfall at a global scale is affected by climate,edaphic features and vegetation structure,with litter production increasing from grasslands to forests following the rise in standing ***,at landscape scales,the same relationship between litter production and vegetation structure has rarely been studied and comparisons of litterfall patterns between adjacent,structurally distinct communities are ***,we use a standardized methodology to describe the structural differences among four savanna physiognomies and analyze their relationship with changes in litterfall across the *** We evaluated the woody vegetation structure and composition in 48 sites,equally distributed across four physiognomies and monitored the monthly litter production from April 2014 to march *** Findings Results showed that the density,basal area,cylindrical volume and aboveground biomass of woody vegetation differ among physiognomies,increasing consistently from cerrado ralo,cerrado típico,cerrado denso and cerradã***,we found a strong and positive relationship between aboveground biomass and annual litter production,with litter yield increasing from 0.9 to 8.4 mg ha^(−1)across different physiognomies,following the increment in vegetation *** production was seasonal and similar among vegetation types,increasing during the dry *** comprised the dominant fraction(approx.85%)and litterfall seasonality primarily resulted from the concentration of leaf shedding during dry ***,the temporal pattern of litterfall throughout the year showed a gradual reduction in the seasonality from open to closed vegetation types,likely following the decrease of deciduous species abundance in the plant *** results showed that changes in vegetation structure may affect spatial and temporal litterfall patterns in different physiognomies,which co-occur across the Cerrado landscape,with potential implications for the overall f

关键词： Cerrado ecosystem functioning habitat heterogeneity Neotropical savannas nutrient cycling

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A moClo-Compatible Toolbox of ECF Sigma Factor-Based Regulatory Switches for Proteobacterial Chassis

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BioDesign Research 2024年第1期6卷 1-19页

作者： Doreen meier Christian Rauch marcel Wagner Paul Klemm Patrick Blumenkamp Raphael müller Eric Ellenberger Kinnari m.Karia Stefano Vecchione Javier Serrania marcus Lechner Georg Fritz Alexander Goesmann Anke becker Center for Synthetic microbiology(SYNmIKRO)and Department of Biology Philipps-Universität MarburgMarburgGermany Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Justus-Liebig-Universität GiessenGiessenGermany The University of Western Australia School of Molecular SciencesPerthAustralia

The construction of complex synthetic gene circuits with predetermined and reliable output depends on orthogonal regulatory parts that do not inadvertently interfere with the host machinery or with other circuit ***,extracytoplasmic function sigma factors(ECFs),a diverse group of alternative sigma factors with distinct promoter specificities,were shown to have great potential as context-independent regulators,but so far,they have only been used in a few model ***,we show that the alphaproteobacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti,which has been proposed as a plant-associated bacterial chassis for synthetic biology,has a similar phylogenetic ECF acceptance range as the gammaproteobacterium Escherichia coli.A common set of orthogonal ECF-based regulators that can be used in both bacterial hosts was identified and used to create 2-step delay *** genetic circuits were implemented in single copy in *** by chromosomal integration using an established method that utilizes bacteriophage *** ***,we demonstrated the usability of single-copy pABC plasmids as equivalent carriers of the synthetic *** circuits were either implemented on a single pABC or modularly distributed on 3 such *** addition,we provide a toolbox containing pABC plasmids compatible with the Golden Gate(moClo)cloning standard and a library of basic parts that enable the construction of ECF-based circuits in *** and in *** work contributes to building a context-independent and species-overarching ECF-based toolbox for synthetic biology applications.

关键词： toolbox sigma chassis compatible factor-based moclo proteobacterial regulatory switches

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Acoustofluidic separation enables early diagnosis of traumatic brain injury based on circulating exosomes

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第2期7卷 59-69页

作者： Zeyu Wang Haichen Wang Ryan becker Joseph Rufo Shujie Yang Brian E.mace mengxi Wu Jun Zou Daniel T.Laskowitz Tony Jun Huang Department of mechanical Engineering and materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA Department of Neurology Duke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA Department of Geriatrics Duke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77840USA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a global cause of morbidity and *** management and risk stratification of patients with TBI is made difficult by the relative insensitivity of screening radiographic studies as well as by the absence of a widely available,noninvasive diagnostic *** particular,a blood-based biomarker assay could provide a quick and minimally invasive process to stratify risk and guide early management strategies in patients with mild TBI(mTBI).Analysis of circulating exosomes allows the potential for rapid and specific identification of tissue *** applying acoustofluidic exosome separation—which uses a combination of microfluidics and acoustics to separate bioparticles based on differences in size and acoustic properties—we successfully isolated exosomes from plasma samples obtained from mice after *** isolation eliminated interference from other blood components,making it possible to detect exosomal biomarkers for TBI via flow *** cytometry analysis indicated that exosomal biomarkers for TBI increase in the first 24 h following head trauma,indicating the potential of using circulating exosomes for the rapid diagnosis of *** levels of TBI biomarkers were only detected in the samples separated via acoustofluidics;no changes were observed in the analysis of the raw plasma *** finding demonstrated the necessity of sample purification prior to exosomal biomarker *** acoustofluidic exosome separation can easily be integrated with downstream analysis methods,it shows great potential for improving early diagnosis and treatment decisions associated with TBI.

关键词： diagnosis separation injury

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The Properties and Applications of moS_2/Ti Composite Coatings in Dry Cutting and Forming

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 894-898页

作者： XiaolingZhang HailinSun D.becker S.Wagner D.G.Teer TeerCoatingsLtd. WestStineHouseBerryHillIndustrialEstateDroitwichWorcestershireUK InstituteformetalFormingTechnology stuttgartUniversityStuttgartGermany

moSi/Ti composite coatings (moST?), have been deposited by a closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion-plating system. The high ion-current densities at low substrate bias voltage of the system ensures that the moST? coatings are characteristic of dense coherent structures, with high adhesion (critical scratch load above 120 N), high load bearing capacity up to 5 GPa., low friction (0.02-0.1), high wear resistance (less than 4xlO"17 m3/N m) even at a relative humidity of 40%, and high temperature resistance up to 350 °C. The successful applications of moST? coatings in large- scale productions for dry cutting and forming, with increasing lifetime and productivity are presented.

关键词： moS2/Ti复合涂层干切割低摩擦力磁控管溅射

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Differences in Treatment Patterns and Health Care Costs among Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Receiving Rituximab in the Hospital Outpatient Setting versus the Office/Clinic Setting

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第2期5卷 208-216页

作者： Stacey DaCosta Byfield Art Small Laura K. becker Carolina m. Reyes Genentech Inc. South San Francisco USA Optum Eden Prairie USA

Objective: To examine whether differences in treatment patterns and health care costs exist among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) patients receiving rituximab in a hospital outpatient setting versus those receiving rituximab in a physician office/community clinic setting. methods: This retrospective database study used medical and pharmacy claims (1/2007-7/2012) from a large US health plan. Patients ≥18 years with ≥2 rituximab claims and ≥2 claims for either NHL or CLL were identified. The date of the first rituximab claim were set as the index date, and differences in treatment patterns and health care costs were examined during the period following the index date. Costs were adjusted for patient characteristics using a multivariate regression model. Results: A total of 4441 patients were identified;3167 received rituximab in the office/clinic setting, and 1274 in the hospital outpatient setting. From 2007 to 2012, the percentage of patients receiving rituximab in the hospital outpatient setting increased from 22% to 39%. Patients treated in the hospital outpatient setting vs. the office/clinic setting had fewer average counts of rituximab infusions (5.60 vs. 7.49, p 0.001), higher total health care costs (cost ratio = 1.325, p 0.001), higher infusion day drug and administration costs (cost ratio = 1.509, p 0.001), and higher rates of ER visits and inpatient stays (both p 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that site of care may impact treatment patterns and costs of patients receiving rituximab, and additional research is needed to better understand the reason(s) for these differences by site of service.

关键词： Lymphoma Leukemia Rituximab Treatment Setting Costs

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肿瘤坏死因子α抑制剂对激光诱导脉络膜新生血管的影响

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中华眼科杂志 2008年第3期44卷 200-206页

作者：石璇 Irina Semkova Norbert Kociok Claudia Gavranic martina becker Antonia m. Joussen Bernd Kirchhof 北京大学人民医院眼科 100044 Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery Center of Ophthalmology. Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne ( CMMC) University of Cologne

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）在激光诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管（CNV）形成中的作用。方法野生型C57BL／6J小鼠36只（72只眼），每只眼视网膜上做4个光凝斑诱导CNV生成。小鼠分别于光凝前3d或后3d腹腔内植入渗透泵，给予TNF-α抑制... 详细信息

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）在激光诱导的小鼠脉络膜新生血管（CNV）形成中的作用。方法野生型C57BL／6J小鼠36只（72只眼），每只眼视网膜上做4个光凝斑诱导CNV生成。小鼠分别于光凝前3d或后3d腹腔内植入渗透泵，给予TNF-α抑制剂依那昔普（5μg/h，n=12）或英利西单抗（5μg/h，n=12），持续7d，对照组给予PBS（n=12）。光凝前3d的用药组分别于光凝后1和2周，光凝后3d的用药组于光凝后10d做荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA），之后立刻取左眼行视网膜组织学检查，右眼制作脉络膜平片，免疫组化方法标记内皮细胞，测定荧光素渗漏面积及脉络膜平片CNV相关荧光面积，比较CNV病变的大小及程度。用免疫印迹法分析比较小鼠光凝前后视网膜色素上皮层及脉络膜上TNF-α蛋白的表达。结果光凝后1周，免疫印迹法结果显示小鼠脉络膜及视网膜色素上皮层TNF-α表达增加。光凝前3d用药，光凝后1周，荧光素渗漏面积为（0．74±0．33）×10^4像素，2周时则为（0．63±0．20）×10^4像素，与对照组[（2．61±0．80）×10^4像素]比较均显著减少（t=3．69，3．56；P〈0．05）。光凝后1周对照组、依那昔普组和英利西单抗组CNV面积分别为（3．61±0．93）×10^5、（1．89±0．62）×10^5和（2．14±0．72）×10^5像素，与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=3．10，2．51；P〈0．05。但光凝后3d用药，则只有依那昔普能显著抑制CNV病变。组织病理学检查进一步证实，治疗组小鼠的CNV病变直径及厚度小于对照组。结论TNF-α参与激光诱导的CNV的形成。TNF-α抑制剂能抑制激光诱导的CNV的形成及渗漏。

关键词：脉络膜新生血管化肿瘤坏死因子α 免疫球蛋白G 受体,肿瘤坏死因子抗体,单克隆光刺激

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Salt Stress Triggers Phosphorylation of the Arabidopsis Vacuolar K＋ Channel TPK1 by Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases （CDPKs）

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molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1274-1289页

作者： Andreas Latz Norbert mehlmer Simone Zapf Thomas D. mueller Bernhard Wurzinger Barbara Pfister Edina Csaszar Rainer Hedrich markus Teige Dirk becker Department of molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitute University of Wurzburg Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 D-97082 Wurzburg Germany Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Max F. Perutz Laboratories University of Vienna Dr. Bohrgasse 9 A-1030 Vienna Austria Present address: Department of Biology I Botany Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science CiPSM Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

14-3-3 proteins play an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes. The Arabidopsis vacuolar two-pore K＋ channel 1 （TPK1） interacts with the 14-3-3 protein GRF6 （GF14-λ）. Upon phosphorylation of the putative binding motif in the N-terminus of TPK1, GRF6 binds to TPK1 and activates the potassium channel. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this 14-3-3-mediated signal transduction, we set out to identify the respective kinases, which regulate the phosphorylation status of the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Here, we report that the calcium-dependent protein kinases （CDPKs） can phosphorylate and thereby activate the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Focusing on the stress-activated kinase CPK3, we visualized direct and specific interaction of TPK1 with the kinase at the tonoplast in vivo. In line with its proposed role in K＋ homeostasis, TPK1 phosphorylation was found to be induced by salt stress in planta, and both cpk3 and tpkl mutants displayed salt-sensitive phenotypes. molecular modeling of the TPK1-CPK3 interaction domain provided mechanistic insights into TPK1 stress-regulated phosphorylation responses and pinpointed two arginine residues in the N-terminal 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1 critical for kinase interaction. Taken together, our studies provide evidence for an essential role of the vacuolar potassium channel TPK1 in salt-stress adaptation as a target of calcium-regulated stress signaling pathways involving Ca2＋, Ca2＋-dependent kinases, and 14-3-3 proteins.

关键词： potassium channel vacuole calcium calcium-dependent kinase 14-3-3 protein salt stress.

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Effects of Resistant Starch on Symptoms,Fecal markers,and Gut microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease—The RESISTA-PD Trial

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 274-287页

作者： Anouck becker Georges Pierre Schmartz Laura Groger Nadja Grammes Valentina Galata Hannah Philippeit Jacqueline Weiland Nicole Ludwig Eckart meese Sascha Tierling Jorn Walter Andreas Schwiertz Jorg Spiegel Gudrun Wagenpfeil Klaus Faßbender Andreas Keller marcus m.Unger Department of Neurology Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics Saarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Department of Human Genetics Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Genetics/Epigenetics Saarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Institute of microecology D-35745 HerbornGermany Institute of medical Biometry Epidemiology and Medical InformaticsSaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Neurology Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305USA

The composition of the gut microbiota is linked to multiple diseases,including Parkinson’s disease(PD).Abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)and fecal SCFA concentrations are reduced in *** exert various beneficial functions in *** the interventional,monocentric,open-label clinical trial “Effects of Resistant Starch on Bowel Habits,Short Chain Fatty Acids and Gut microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease”(RESISTA-PD;ID:NCT02784145),we aimed at altering fecal SCFAs by an 8-week prebiotic intervention with resistant starch(RS).We enrolled 87 subjects in three study-arms:32 PD patients received RS(PD+RS),30 control subjects received RS,and 25 PD patients received solely dietary *** performed paired-end 100 bp length metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples using the BGISEQ platform at an average of 9.9 *** was *** the PD+RS group,fecal butyrate concentrations increased significantly,and fecal calprotectin concentrations dropped significantly after 8 weeks of RS ***,we observed a reduction in non-motor symptom load in the PD+RS *** reference-based analysis of metagenomes highlighted stable alpha-diversity and beta-diversity across the three groups,including bacteria producing ***-free analysis suggested punctual,yet pronounced differences in the metagenomic signature in the PD+RS ***-PD highlights that a prebiotic treatment with RS is safe and well-tolerated in *** stable alpha-diversity and beta-diversity alongside altered fecal butyrate and calprotectin concentrations call for long-term studies,also investigating whether RS is able to modify the clinical course of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Short-chain fatty acid microbiota metagenomics Intestinal inflammation

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Towards an integrated modeling of the plasma-solid interface

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 201-237页

作者： michael Bonitz Alexey Filinov Jan-Willem Abraham Karsten Balzer Hanno Kahlert Eckhard Pehlke Franz X.Bronold matthias Pamperin markus becker Dettlef Loffhagen Holger Fehske Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Kiel University24098 KielGermany Leibniz Institute for Plasma Research (INP) D-17489 GreifswaldGermany Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS 125412 MoscowRussia Computing Center of Kiel University D-24118 KielGermany Institute of Physics Greifswald UniversityD-17489 GreifswaldGermany

Solids facing a plasma are a common situation in many astrophysical systems and laboratory ***,many plasma technology applications rely on the control of the plasma-surface interaction,i.e.,of the particle,momentum and energy fluxes across the plasma-solid ***,presently often a fundamental understanding of them is missing,so most technological applications are being developed via trial and *** reason is that the physical processes at the interface of a low-temperature plasma and a solid are extremely complex,involving a large number of elementary processes in the plasma,in the solid as well as fluxes across the *** accurate theoretical treatment of these processes is very difficult due to the vastly different system properties on both sides of the interface:Quantum versus classical behavior of electrons in the solid and plasma,respectively;as well as the dramatically differing electron densities,length and time ***,often the system is far from *** the majority of plasma simulations surface processes are either neglected or treated via phenomenological parameters such as sticking coefficients,sputter rates or secondary electron emission ***,those parameters are known only in some cases and with very limited ***,while surface physics simulations have often studied the impact of single ions or neutrals,so far,the influence of a plasma medium and correlations between successive impacts have not been taken into *** an approach,necessarily neglects the mutual influences between plasma and solid surface and cannot have predictive *** this paper we discuss in some detail the physical processes of the plasma-solid interface which brings us to the necessity of coupled plasma-solid *** briefly summarize relevant theoretical methods from solid state and surface physics that are suitable to contribute to such an approach and identify four *** first are

关键词： plasma physics surface science plasmasurface modeling DFT nonequilibrium Green functions

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Non-Parametric Local maxima and minima Finder with Filtering Techniques for Bioprocess

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2016年第4期7卷 192-213页

作者： K. K. L. B. Adikaram m. A. Hussein m. Effenberger T. becker Group Bio-Process Analysis Technology Technische Universit&auml t münchen Freising Germany Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry Freising Germany Computer Unit Faculty of Agriculture University of Ruhuna Mapalana Kamburupitiy Sri Lanka Lehrstuhl für Brau-und Getr&auml nketechnologie Technische Universit&auml t münchen Freising Germany

Typically extrema filtration techniques are based on non-parametric properties such as magnitude of prominences and the widths at half prominence, which cannot be used with data that possess a dynamic nature. In this work, an extrema identification that is totally independent of derivative-based approaches and independent of quantitative attributes is introduced. For three consecutive positive terms arranged in a line, the ratio (R) of the sum of the maximum and minimum to the sum of the three terms is always 2/n, where n is the number of terms and 2/3 ≤ R ≤ 1 when n = 3. R > 2/3 implies that one term is away from the other two terms. Applying suitable modifications for the above stated hypothesis, the method was developed and the method is capable of identifying peaks and valleys in any signal. Furthermore, three techniques were developed for filtering non-dominating, sharp, gradual, low and high extrema. Especially, all the developed methods are non-parametric and suitable for analyzing processes that have dynamic nature such as biogas data. The methods were evaluated using automatically collected biogas data. Results showed that the extrema identification method was capable of identifying local extrema with 0% error. Furthermore, the non-parametric filtering techniques were able to distinguish dominating, flat, sharp, high, and low extrema in the biogas data with high robustness.

关键词： Extrema Point First Derivative Peak Finder Peaks and Valleys maxima and minima Second Derivative

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