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Comparative efficacy of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus:A real-world experience

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 463-474页

作者： Lubna islam Dhanya Jose mohammed Alkhalifah Dania Blaibel Vishnu Chandrabalan Joseph m Pappachan Department of Endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Department of Community medicine Goa Medical CollegeGoa 403202India Department of Family medicine King Faisal Specialist HospitalRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia Department of Data Science Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityAll Saints BuildingManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i)are a class of drugs with modest antidiabetic efficacy,weight loss effect,and cardiovascular benefits as proven by multiple randomised controlled trials(RCTs).However,real-world data on the comparative efficacy and safety of individual SGLT-2i medications is *** To study the comparative efficacy and safety of SGLT-2i using real-world clinical *** We evaluated the comparative efficacy data of 3 SGLT-2i drugs(dapagliflozin,canagliflozin,and empagliflozin)used for treating patients with type 2 diabetes *** on the reduction of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),body weight,blood pressure(BP),urine albumin creatinine ratio(ACR),and adverse effects were recorded *** Data from 467 patients with a median age of 64(14.8)years,294(62.96%)males and 375(80.5%)Caucasians were *** diabetes duration was 16.0(9.0)years,and the duration of SGLT-2i use was 3.6(2.1)***-2i molecules used were dapagliflozin 10 mg(n=227;48.6%),canagliflozin 300 mg(n=160;34.3%),and empagliflozin 25 mg(n=80;17.1).Baseline median(interquartile range)HbA1c in mmol/mol were:dapagliflozin-78.0(25.3),canagliflozin-80.0(25.5),and empagliflozin-75.0(23.5)*** respective median HbA1c reduction at 12 months and the latest review(just prior to the study)were:66.5(22.8)&69.0(24.0),67.0(16.3)&66.0(28.0),and 67.0(22.5)&66.5(25.8)respectively(Pmparisons from baseline).Significant improvements in body weight(in kilograms)from baseline to study end were noticed with dapagliflozin-101(29.5)to 92.2(25.6),and canagliflozin 100(28.3)to 95.3(27.5)*** reductions in median systolic and diastolic BP,from 144(21)mmHg to 139(23)mmHg;(P=0.015),and from 82(16)mmHg to 78(19)mmHg;(Pmicroalbuminuria was observed with canagliflozin only[ACR 14.6(42.6)at baseline to 8.9(23.7)at the study end;P=0.043].Adverse effects

关键词： Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Empagliflozin Canagliflozin Dapagliflozin Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Albumin creatinine ratio Diabesity

microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors: sustainable solutions for a greener future

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 418-439页

作者： Shaikh Abdur Razzak Khairul Bahar K.m.Oajedul islam Abdul Khaleel Haniffa mohammed Omar Faruque S.m.Zakir Hossain mohammad m.Hossain Chemical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bahrain

microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors（PBRs） has emerged as a promising and sustainable approach to address various environmental and energy challenges, offering a multitude of benefits across diverse *** developments in microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors have contributed substantially to the development and optimization of sustainable bioprocesses. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of recent innovations and breakthroughs in the field of microalgae cultivation, with a specific focus on their application in photobioreactors, aimed at paving the way for a greener future. This study in-depth examines the advantages of microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors, concentrating on its effectiveness in wastewater treatment, CO2bioremediation, and the production of biofuels and high-value products. The review evaluates the effects of light,solar irradiation, temperature, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in culture media, CO2concentrations, and pH on microalgae growth performance, including specific growth and biomass productivity. The study also examines open systems like unstirred ponds, raceway ponds, and circular ponds and closed systems like horizontal tubular, vertical bubble-column, airlift, flat panel, and plastic-bag photobioreactors, comparing their pros and cons. To optimize microalgae cultivation, key factors in photobioreactor design, including photosynthetic efficiencies, light/dark（L/D） cycles, CO2concentrations, mass transfer, hydrodynamics behavior, and p H, are extensively investigated. In addition, the review outlines recent developments in large-scale photobioreactors and highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with photobioreactor scale-up and design parameter optimization, including genetic engineering and economic feasibility. This article is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals seeking sustainable bioprocesses and the application of microalgae-based technol

关键词： microalgae biomass CO 2 biofixation Wastewater treatment Biofuel Photobioreactors

Reservoir quality of the Late Cretaceous Volador Formation of the Latrobe group,Gippsland Basin,Australia:Implications from integrated analytical techniques

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 121-140页

作者： Kamalia Norjannah Kamalrulzaman mohamed Ragab Shalaby md Aminul islam Department of Geosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamBrunei Darussalam Geology Department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta31527Egypt

Increasing demand for energy due to the populous Eastern Australia has driven oil and gas industries to find new sources of hydrocarbons as they are the primary energy *** study has been done on the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin by means of core-based petrophysical,sedimentological,and petrographic analyses as well as well log-based interpretation and capillary pressure *** wells from Kipper,Basker and Tuna fields with available dataset were investigated in this study:Kipper-1,Basker-1,Basker-2,Basker-5 and ***,the formation has good reservoir quality based on the high porosity and permeability values obtained through core and well log petrophysical *** formation made up of mostly moderate to coarse quartz grains that has experienced strong anti-compaction and is poorly *** and illite clays are seen dispersed in the rock formation,with the minority being mixed *** clays and diagenetic features including kaolinite cement and quartz overgrowth that can lead to porosity reduction only have insignificant impact on the overall reservoir *** addition,capillary pressure data shows that most samples are found in the transition to good reservoir zones(m this study have shown that the Volador Formation in the Gippsland Basin is worth for hydrocarbon exploration.

关键词： Volador formation Reservoir rock characterization Core-based Petrographic Well log based Capillary pressure

Demographic and socioeconomic determinants of urinary arsenic concentration for elementary school children in Bangladesh

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Global Health Journal 2024年第3期8卷 119-127页

作者： Raisa Sara Khalid m.Khan Shelbin mattathil munachimso Nwankwo mohammad Aminul islam Faruque Parvez Department of Economics and International Business College of Business AdministrationSam Houston State UniversityHuntsvilleTX 77340USA Department of Public Health College of Health SciencesSam Houston State UniversityHuntsvilleTX 77340USA College of Osteopathic medicine Sam Houston State UniversityConroeTX 77304USA Paul G.Allen School for Global Health Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Department of Environmental Health Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA

Background:Arsenic(As)is a toxic element that can lead to various health issues in *** primary exposure to As is through the consumption of water contaminated with high As levels,particularly in *** studies have shown that urinary arsenic(UAs)concentration can reflect As exposure and metabolism in ***,little is known about how other factors,such as age,sex,and socioeconomic status,may affect UAs concentrations in ***:This study aimed to investigate the influence of factors such as age,sex,and socioeconomic status on UAs concentrations in children,in addition to the impact of drinking water arsenic(WAs)***:We conducted our study on elementary school-going children aged 8-11 years from rural Araihazar in *** measured UAs(available for a subset of 391 children)and WAs levels and collected information on demographic and socioeconomic *** employed regression analysis and t-tests to analyze the ***:Our findings revealed that younger children(β=197.95,95%confidence interval[CI]:111.97 to 283.94),female children(β=93.95,95%CI:8.49 to 179.40),and children with less educated fathers(β=138.03,95%CI:26.47 to 249.58)had higher UAs levels,particularly when they consumed water with high As ***:The study concludes that children's As exposure and UAs concentration may vary depending on their age,sex,and socioeconomic ***,these factors should be considered when assessing the health risks associated with As.

关键词： Waterarsenic Rural children Socioeconomicfactors Bangladesh

Seasonal influence of freshwater discharge on spatio-temporal variations in primary productivity, sea surface temperature, and euphotic zone depth in the northern Bay of Bengal

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 1-14页

作者： Hafez Ahmad Felix Jose md.Simul Bhuyan md.Nazrul islam Padmanava Dash Geosystems Research Institute/Department of Geosciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkville 39759USA Department of Oceanography University of ChittagongChittagong 4331Bangladesh Department of marine&Earth Sciences Florida Gulf Coast UniversityFort Myers 33965USA Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute Cox’s Bazar 4730Bangladesh Faculty of marine Sciences&Fisheries Institute of Marine SciencesUniversity of ChittagongChittagong 4331Bangladesh Department of Geography and Environment Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Geosciences Mississippi State UniversityStarkville 39759USA

Ocean productivity is the foundation of marine food web,which continuously removes atmospheric carbon dioxide and supports life at sea and on ***-temporal variability of net primary productivity(NPP),sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS),mixed layer depth(mLD),and euphotic zone depth(EZD) in the northern B ay of Bengal(BoB) during three monsoon seasons were examined in this study based on remote sensing data for the period 2005 to *** compare the NPP distribution between the coastal zones and open BoB,the study area was divided into five zones(Z1-Z5).Results suggest that most productive zones Z2 and Zl are located at the head bay area and are directly influenced by freshwater discharge together with riverine sediment and nutrient *** Z1-Z5,the NPP ranges from 5 315.38 mg/(m^(2)·d) to 346.7 mg/(m^(2)·d)(carbon,since then the same).The highest monthly average NPP of 5 315.38 mg/(m^(2)·d) in February and 5 039.36 mg/(m^(2)·d) in June were observed from Z2,while the lowest monthly average of 346.72 mg/(m^(2)·d) was observed in march from Z4,which is an oceanic *** values vary from 6-154 m for the study area,and it has an inverse correlation with NPP *** is deeper during the summer season and shallower during the wintertime,with a corresponding increase in *** the year,monthly SST shows slight fluctuation for the entire study area,and statistical analysis shows a significant correlation among NPP,and EZD,overall positive between NPP and mLD,whereas no significant correlation among SSS,and SST for the northern ***-term trends in SST and productivity were significantly po sitive in head bay zones but negatively productive in the open *** findings in this study on the distribution of NPP,SST,SSS,mLD,and EZD and their seasonal variability in five different zones of BoB can be used to further improve the management of marine resources and overall environmental condition in response to clim

关键词： chlorophyll a sea surface temperature euphotic zone depth primary productivity Ganges-Brahmaputra ocean color Bay of Bengal monsoon

Investigation of 50 Hz Pulsed DC Nitrogen Plasma with Active Screen Cage by Trace Rare Gas Optical Emission Spectroscopy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2014年第4期16卷 324-328页

作者： A.SAEED A.W.KHAN m.SHAFIQ F.JAN m.ABRAR m.zaka-UL-islam m.zakaULLAH Department of Physics Gomal University Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Physics Hazara University Mansehra Plasmant Department of Chemistry Univesity of Antwerp campus DriEkin

Optical emission spectroscopy is used to investigate the nitrogen-hydrogen with trace rare gas （4% Ar） plasma generated by 50 Hz pulsed DC discharges. The filling pressure varies from 1 mbar to 5 mbar and the current density ranges from 1 mA-cm-2 to 4 ***-2. The hydrogen concentration in the mixture plasma varies from 0% to 80%, with the objective of identifying the optimum pressure, current density and hydrogen concentration for active species （[N] and IN2]） generation. It is observed that in an N2-H2 gas mixture, the concentration of N atom density decreases with filling pressure and increases with current density, with other parameters of the discharge kept unchanged. The maximum concentrations of active species were found for 40% H2 in the mixture at 3 mbar pressure and current density of 4 ***-2.

关键词： TRG-OES DC glow discharge reactive species

Relationship between Seed Priming mediated Seedling Vigor and Yield Performance of Spring Wheat

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1159-1177页

作者： md.Parvez Anwar masuma Akhter Sharmin Aktar Sinthia Afsana Kheya A.K.m.mominul islam Sabina Yeasmin Ahmed Khairul Hasan md.Harun Or Rashid Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Seed priming is a pre-germinated technique that can enhance seed germination percentage,faster and synchro-nized germination,better seedling growth,and yield under stress *** ascertain the most effective seed priming method that would ensure the potential yield of wheat in Bangladesh,two experiments were carried out from December 2021 to march 2022 at the Department of Agronomy,Bangladesh Agricultural *** wheat varieties namely BARI Gom-28 and BWmRI Gom-1 were subjected to a range of priming chemicals in both lab and pot *** compounds included the following:control(no priming),hydropriming(distilled water),10000 ppm KNO_(3),15000 ppm KNO_(3),40000 ppm mannitol,60000 ppm mannitol,10000 ppm NaCl,20000 ppm NaCl,100 ppm PEG,150 ppm PEG,500 ppm NaOCl,1000 ppm NaOCl,10000 ppm CaCl_(2),20000 ppm CaCl_(2),10000 ppm KCl and 20000 ppm KCl.A complete randomized design(CRD)with three repli-cations was used to set up the *** results showed that BARI Gom-28 and BWmRI Gom-1 responded best to KCl priming in terms of rapid seed germination and strong seedling *** the other hand,the best priming agents for plant growth and productivity turned out to be CaCl_(2) and *** results of this study support the possibility of using seed priming as a technique to improve wheat plant development and output by raising seed emergence and survival rates.

关键词： Priming seedling percentage germination growth yield wheat

Seismic anisotropy and upper mantle dynamics in Alaska:A review of shear wave splitting analyses

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第2期4卷 72-81页

作者： Zhaofeng Jin Yuchen Yang muhammad Ishaidir Siregar Zihao mu S.m.Ariful islam Qichao Zhao Dan Wang Fan Zhang Xugang Yang Liwei Song School of Earth Sciences Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318China Department of Geoscience University of IndonesiaDepok16424Indonesia School of Computer and Information Technology Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318China Center for Earthquake Research and Information University of MemphisMemphis38152USA College of Environment and Civil Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao266555China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318China

Shear wave splitting(SWS)is regarded as the most effective geophysical method to delineate mantle flow fields by detecting seismic azimuthal anisotropy in the earth's upper mantle,especially in tectonically active regions such as subduction *** Aleutian-Alaska subduction zone has a convergence rate of approximately 50 mm/yr,with a trench length reaching nearly 2800 *** a long subduction zone has led to intensive continental deformation and numerous strong earthquakes in southern and central Alaska,while northern Alaska is relatively *** sharp contrast makes Alaska a favorable locale to investigate the impact of subduction on mantle ***,the uniqueness of this subduction zone,including the unusual subducting type,varying slab geometry,and atypical magmatic activity and composition,has intrigued the curiosity of many *** identify different sources of seismic anisotropy beneath the Alaska region and probe the influence of a geometrically varying subducting slab on mantle dynamics,extensive SWS analyses have been conducted in the past ***,the insufficient station and azimuthal coverage,especially in early studies,not only led to some conflicting results but also strongly limited the in-depth investigation of layered anisotropy and the estimation of anisotropy *** the completion of the Transportable Array project in Alaska,recent studies have revealed more detailed mantle structures and characteristics based on the dense station coverage and newly collected massive seismic *** this study,we review significant regional-and continental-scale SWS studies in the Alaska region and conclude the mantle flow fields therein,to understand how a geometrically varying subducting slab alters the regional mantle *** summarized mantle flow mechanisms are believed to be conducive to the understanding of seismic anisotropy patterns in other subduction zones with a complicated tectonic setting.

关键词： Seismic anisotropy Shear wave splitting mantle flow Alaska subduction zone Slab

Biochar-compost-based controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer intended for an active microbial community

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 326-343页

作者： Robiul islam RUBEL Lin WEI Salman ALANAZI Abdulkarim ALDEKHAIL Anne CmCIDREIRA Xufei YANG Sanjita WASTI Samarthya BHAGIA Xianhui ZHAO Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA Tickle College of Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37830USA

Nitrogen(N) fertilizers in agriculture suffer losses by volatilization of N to the air, surface runoff and leaching into the soil, resulting in low N use efficiency(NUE)( 50%) and raising severe environmental pollutions. Controlledrelease nitrogen fertilizers(CRNFs) can control the release of N nutrients to NUE in crop production. Different methods were used to develop new ***, different CRNF technologies are still underdeveloped due to inadequate controlling on N releasing time and/or unsustainable diffusion. The study on the influences of CRNF processing parameters on microbial conditions are lacking when the CRNFs composed of various bio-ingredients such as biochar, composts, and biowaste. The complexity of processing methods, material biodegradability, and other physical properties make current CRNFs of questionable value in agricultural production. This research aims to develop a novel biochar-compost-based controlled-release urea fertilizer(BCRUF) to preserve microbial properties carried by the compost. The BCRUF was synthesized by pelletizing the 50:50(dry, wt/wt) mixture of biochar and compost. BCRUF was loaded with urea and then spray-coated with polylactic acid(PLA). The releasing time of two types of BCRUFs, coated and uncoated with PLA, for 80% of N release in water was up to 6 h at three different temperatures(4, 23, and 40 °C), compared to conventional urea fertilizer and commercial environmentally smart N(ESN) fertilizer. The releasing time of coated BCRUF for 80% N release in soil was up to 192 h(8 days). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis revealed that no new functional groups were found in the release solution, indicating no new chemical hazards generated. The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)tests also verified that its thermal stability could be up to 160 °C. The microbe populations in the BCRUF pellets were reduced after the pelleting and drying processes in BCRUF fabrication, but a few bacteria can endure in t

关键词： Soil microbial community biochar compost controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer polylactic acid spray coating