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Journal of Thermal Science 2002年第3期11卷 226-234页

作者： m.shoji R.mosdorf L.Zhang Y.Takagi K.Yasui m.Yokota Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Faculty of Computer Science Bialystok University of Technology ul. Wiejska Poland

The artificial surfaces are applied to study the pool boiling features, including the bubble behaviors, the surface temperature fluctuation, the heat transfer characteristics and nucleate site interaction. Three sets of experiments are carried out to investigate the influences of cavity shape, cavity size, cavity spacing on the boiling phenomena. Experimental results reveal that bubbling from the cylindrical as well as reentrant cavity is generally stable. The influence of cavity diameter on the bubble behaviors and the temperature fluctuation seems very weak while the effect of cavity depth cannot be neglected. As for the two cavity conditions, the bubble behaviors show the different features depending on the dimensionless cavity spacing. Three significant factors (thermal interaction, hydraulic interaction, bubble coalescence) control the nucleation site interaction, and the competition and dominance of the factors yield four interaction regimes.

关键词： pool boiling artificial surface boiling chaos nucleation site interaction.

meV-and Sub-meV-photon Sources Based on Compton Backscattering at SPring-8 and KPSI-JAEA

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原子核物理评论 2009年第S1期26卷 94-99页

作者： K.Kawase m.Kando T.Hayakawa I.Daito S.Kondo T.Homma T.Kameshima H.Kotaki Y.Fukuda A.Faenov T.Shizuma S.V.Bulanov T.Kimura T.Tajima m.shoji S.Suzuki K.Tamura H.Ohkuma Y.Arimoto T.Yorita m.Fujiwara S.Okajima Kansai Photon Science Institute Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Department of Physics Osaka University Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University

Recently we have constructed two facilities for generating photon beams in the meV and sub-meV energy regions by means of the Compton backscattering with a laser and an electron beam at SPring-8 and at Kansai Photon Science Institute of Japan Atomic Energy Agency(KPSI-JAEA). The meV-photon source at SPring-8 consists of a continuous-wave optically-pumped far infrared laser with a wavelength of 118.8 μm and an 8 GeV stored electron beam. Present meV-photon flux is estimated to be 1.3×103 photons/s. On the other hand,the sub-meV-photon source at KPSI-JAEA consists of a pulse Nd∶YAG laser with a wavelength of 1 064 nm and a 150 meV electron beam accelerated by microtron. In the first trial of the photon production in this source,backscattered photon flux is estimated to be 20 photons/pulse. Both the Compton backscattered photon sources have possibilities to be used for new tools in various fields such as nuclear physics,materials science,and astronomy.

关键词： laser Compton backscattering polarized γ-ray polarized X-ray

The Clock Protein CCA1 and the bZIP Transcription Factor HY5 Physically Interact to Regulate Gene Expression in Arabidopsis

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molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 58-67页

作者： Christos Andronis Simon Barak Stephen m. Knowles shoji Sugano Elaine m. Tobin Department of molecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA

The circadian clock regulates the expression of an array of Arabidopsis genes such as those encoding the LIGHT-HARVESTING CHLOROPHYLL A/B （Lhcb） proteins. We have previously studied the promoters of two of these Arabidopsis genes-Lhcb1＊1 and Lhcb1＊3m-and identified a sequence that binds the clock protein CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 （CCA1）. This sequence, designated CCAl-binding site （CBS）, is necessary for phytochrome and circadian responsiveness of these genes. In close proximity to this sequence, there exists a G-box core element that has been shown to bind the bZIP transcription factor HY5 in other light-regulated plant promoters. In the present study, we examined the importance of the interaction of transcription factors binding the CBS and the G-box core element in the control of normal circadian rhythmic expression of Lhcb genes. Our results show that HY5 is able to specifically bind the G-box element in the Lhcb promoters and that CCA1 can alter the binding activity of HY5. We further show that CCA1 and HY5 can physically interact and that they can act synergistically on transcription in a yeast reporter gene assay. An absence of HY5 leads to a shorter period of Lhcbl＊l circadian expression but does not affect the circadian expression of CATALASE3 （CAT3）, whose promoter lacks a G-box element. Our results suggest that interaction of the HY5 and CCA1 proteins on Lhcb promoters is necessary for normal circadian expression of the Lhcb genes.

关键词： CCA1 bZIP Transcription Factor HY5 Physically Gene Expression in Arabidopsis

Can color vision variation explain sex differences in invertebrate foraging by capuchin monkeys?

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Current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 300-312页

作者： Amanda D.mELIN Linda m.FEDIGAN Hilary C.YOUNG shoji KAWAmURA Department of Anthropology University of Calgary Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Department of Integrated Biosciences Graduate School of Frontier SciencesUniversity of Tokyo

Invertebrates are the main source of protein for many small-to-medium sized monkeys. Prey vary in size, mobility, degree of protective coveting, and use of the forest, i.e. canopy height, and whether they are exposed or embed themselves in substrates. Sex-differentiation in foraging patterns is well documented for some monkey species and recent studies find that color vision phenotype can also affect invertebrate foraging. Since vision phenotype is polymorphic and sex-linked in most New World monkeys - males have dichromatic vision and females have either dichromatic or trichromatic vision - this raises the possibility that sex differences are linked to visual ecology. We tested predicted sex differences for invertebrate foraging in white-faced capuchins Cebus capucinus and conducted 12 months of study on four free-ranging groups between January 2007 and September 2008. We found both sex and color vision effects. Sex： males spent more time foraging for invertebrates on the ground. Females spent more time consuming embedded, colonial invertebrates, ate relatively more ＂soft＂ sedentary invertebrates, and devoted more of their activity budget to invertebrate foraging. Color Vision： Dichromatic monkeys had a higher capture efficiency of ex- posed invertebrates and spent less time visually foraging. Trichromats ate relatively more ＂hard＂ sedentary invertebrates. We con- elude that some variation in invertebrate foraging reflects differences between the sexes that may be due to disparities in size, strength, reproductive demands or niche preferences. However, other intraspecific variation in invertebrate foraging that might be mistakenly attributed to sex differences actually reflects differences in color vision [Current Zoology 56 （3）： 300-312, 2010].

关键词： male Foraging Female Foraging Cebus Dichromacy Trichromaey Invertebrate Foraging

Influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第9期10卷 1385-1391页

作者： Kazunori Hirasawa Nobuyuki shoji Department of Orthoptics and Visual Science School of Allied Health SciencesKitasato UniversitySagamiharaKanagawa 252-0373Japan Department of Ophthalmology School of medicineKitasato UniversitySagamiharaKanagawa 252-0373Japan

AIm：To evaluate the influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（cp RNFL）and optic nerve head（ONH）measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）.mETHODS：Twenty-five eyes of 25 healthy participants（mean age 23.6±3.6y）were imaged by SD-OCT using horizontal raster *** soft contact lenses of different powers（from-11 to＋5 diopters including 0diopter）were worn to induce 2-diopter changes in corneal *** in the cp RNFL and ONH measurements per diopter of change in corneal power were ***：As corneal power increased by 1 diopter,total and quadrant cp RNFL thicknesses,except for the nasal sector,decreased by-0.19 to-0.32μm（P〈0.01）.Furthermore,the disc,cup,and rim areas decreased by-0.017,-0.007,and-0.015 mm2,respectively（P〈0.001）;the cup and rim volumes decreased by-0.0013 and-0.006 mm3,respectively（P〈0.01）;and the vertical and horizontal disc diameters decreased by-0.006 and-0.007 mm,respectively（P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：For more precise OCT imaging,the ocular magnification should be corrected by considering both the axial length and corneal ***,the effect of corneal power changes on cp RNFL thickness and ONH topography are small when compare with those of the axial length.

关键词： optical coherence tomography ocularmagnification corneal power circumpapillary retinal nervefiber layer optic nerve head

Surface Oxidation and Subsurface microstructure Evolution of Alloy 690TT Induced by Partial Slip Fretting Corrosion in High-Temperature Pure Water

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 543-554页

作者： Long Xin Yongming Han Ligong Ling Yonghao Lu Tetsuo shoji National Center for materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center Beijing102401China Frontier Research Initiative New Industry Creation Hatchery CenterTohoku University6-6-10Aramaki AobaAoba-kuSendai980-8579Japan

The surface oxidation and subsurface microstructure evolution of Alloy 690 TT can occur during partial slip fretting corrosion in high-temperature pure *** characterization methods such as laser scanning confocal microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,electron probe micro-analyzer,and transmission electron microscopy were used to reveal the related *** results showed that Cr_(2)O_(3) oxides together with a small number of spinel oxides were formed in sticking region since a small quantity of high-temperature water could pass through the gaps between the asperities to oxidize the *** distribution of oxides in microslip region consisted of(Ni,Fe)Cr_(2)O_(4),because Ni^(2+)and Fe^(2+) ions could react with Cr_(2)O_(3) to generate a small amount of non-stoichiometric spinel *** oxides around micropitting in microslip region consisted of double-layer *** outermost layer contained(Fe,Cr)-rich oxides due to the effect of fretting leading to mechanical mixing between Cr_(2)O_(3) and(Ni,Fe)(Fe,Cr)_(2)O_(4).The inner layer consisted of(Fe,Ni)-rich oxides owing to the consumption of Cr_(2)O_(3) by the reaction with Ni^(2+)and Fe^(2+) *** reciprocating motion of oxide particles in microslip region resulted in the stress-strain supporting the recrystallization for the formation and development of a tribologically transformed structure in subsurface and plowing effect by fretting in surface.

关键词： Fretting corrosion Oxidation Partial slip Alloy 690TT microstructure High-temperature water

Comparison of magnitude and summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism vector according to incision site after phakic intraocular lens implantation

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 317-323页

作者： Kazutaka Kamiya Wakako Ando masahide Takahashi Nobuyuki shoji Visual Physiology School of Allied Health SciencesKitasato University1‑15‑1 KitasatoMinamiSagamiharaKanagawa 252‑0373Japan Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineKitasato UniversitySagamiharaJapan

Background:To compare the arithmetic mean(m-SIA)and the summated vector mean of surgically induced astigmatism(SVm-SIA)according to the incision site after phakic intraocular lens(Visian implantable collamer lens(ICL),STAAR Surgical)***:This study comprised 121 eyes of 121 consecutive patients undergoing ICL surgery through a 3.0-mm temporal or superior clear corneal *** magnitude and the axis of corneal astigmatism preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were measured using an automated *** m-SIA and the SVm-SIA were determined according to the incision ***:The magnitude of corneal astigmatism significantly increased from 1.23±0.59 D preoperatively to 1.46±0.72 D postoperatively in the temporal incision group(Wilcoxon signed-rank test,Pm 1.09±0.36 D preoperatively to 0.86±0.41 D postoperatively in the superior incision group(Pm-SIA was 0.48±0.30 D,and the SVm-SIA was 0.23±0.52 D at a meridian of 82°in the temporal incision *** m-SIA was 0.57±0.30 D,and the SVm-SIA was 0.47±0.45 D at a meridian of 1°in the superior incision ***:ICL implantation induces the m-SIA by approximately 0.5 D,but the SVm-SIA decreased to 50%and 80%of the m-SIA in magnitude through temporal and superior incisions,*** direction of the SVm-SIA showed a tendency toward corneal flattening to the incisional *** should be noted that the m-SIA is somewhat different from the SVm-SIA according to the incision site.

关键词： Surgically induced astigmatism Corneal astigmatism mean Summated vector mean Centroid Vector analysis Temporal incision Superior incision ICL implantation

Analysis Scheme for Density modulation Experiments to Study Particle Confinements

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第1期8卷 65-71页

作者： K. TANAKA C. mICHAEL K. KAWANATA T. TOKUZAWAI m. shoji K. TOI 高翔揭银先 National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292 Japan Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Science Hefei 230031 China

Density modulation experiments are powerful experimental schemes for the study of particle transport. The diffusion coefficients （D） and convection velocity （V）, which cannot be evaluated from the particle balance in the equilibrium state, can be obtained separately. Further, the estimated values of D and V are determined independent of the absolute value of the particle source rate, which is difficult to obtain experimentally. However, the sensitivities and interpretation of D and V from the modulation experiments need to be considered. This paper describes numerical techniques for solving the particle balance equation of the modulation components. Examples of the analysis are shown regarding the data of LHD experiments, and the results of the modulation experiments are discussed.

关键词： density modulation, particle confinements, diffusion coefficient convection velocity

Stimulation by nizatidine,a histamine H_2-receptor antagonist,of duodenal HCO_3^-secretion in rats:relation to anti-cholinesterase activity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 651-658页

作者： Koji Takeuchi shoji Kawauchi Hideo Araki Shigeru Ueki Osamu Furukawa Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Kyoto Pharmaceutical UniversityMisasagiYamashinaKyoto 607-8414Japan CURE Bldg.114Suite 217 West LA VAMC 11301 Wilshire Blvd.Los AngelesCA 90073

AIm To examine whether nizatidine stimulates duodenal HCO_3^- secretion in rats by inhibiting AChE activity. mETHODS Under pentobarbital anesthesia,a proximal duodenal loop was perfused with saline,and the HCO_3 secretion was measured at pH 7.0 using a pH-stat method and by adding 10mm ***,neostigmine,carbachol or famotidine was administered *** a single injection. RESULTS Intravenous administration of nizatidine(3-30 mg/kg)dose-dependently increased duodenal HCO_3^- secretion,and the effect at 10mg/kg was equivalent to that obtained by carbachol at 0.01 mg/*** nizatidine action was observed at the same dose range that inhibited acid secretion and enhanced gastric motility,mimicked by *** of neostigmine(0.03 mg/kg),and significantly attenuated by bilateral vagotomy and prior s.c. administration of atropine but not by indomethacin,a cyclooxygenase inhibitor,or N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,a NO synthase *** HCO_3^- secretory response to acetylcholine(0.001 mg/kg)was significantly potentiated by the concurrent administration of nizatidine(3mg/kg,i.v.).The IC_(50)of nizatidine for AChE of rat erythrocytes was 1.4×10^(-6)m,about 12 times higher than that of *** famotidine(>10^(-3)m, 30mg/kg,i.v.)nor cisapride(> 10^(-3)m, 3mg/kg,i.v.)had any influence on AChE activity or duodenal HCO_3^- *** damage induced by acid perfusion(100 mm HCI for 4 h)in the presence of indomethacin was significantly prevented by nizatidine and neostigmine,at the doses that increased the HCO_3^- secretion. CONCLUSION Nizatidine stimulates duodenal HCO_3^- secretion,in both vagal-dependent and atropine-sensitive manners,and the action is associated with the anti-AChE activity of this agent.

关键词： nizatidine histamine H_2 receptor blockaders duodenal HCO_3^-secretion cholinesterase inhibitors rats

Pedunculated Brunner's gland hamartoma of the duodenum causing upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 373-375页

作者： shoji Hirasaki motoharu Kubo Atsushi Inoue Yasuyuki miyake Hisako Oshiro Department of Internal medicine Kubo HospitalImabari 7992116Japan

A case of pedunculated Brunner＇s gland hamartoma （BGH） of the duodenum causing upper gastrointestinal （GI） hemorrhage is reported. The patient was a 47-year-old man who visited our hospital for further evaluation of tarry stools and shortness of breath. Endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract revealed a large peduncular polyp with bleeding, about 30 mm in diameter, arising from the wall of the second portion of the duodenum. GI bleeding occurred from the base of the stalk of the polyp. Endoscopic polypectomy was performed. Histological examination of the specimen revealed that the main body of the polyp contained several Iobules of mature Brunner＇s gland with areas of cystic dilatation. The surface epithelium consisted of normal duodenal mucosa with areas of focal ulceration. This polyp was diagnosed as a BGH. The symptom of tarry stools resolved after endoscopic resection. Our case shows that treatment is necessary for duodenal BGH if GI bleeding occurs.

关键词： Brunner's gland Hyperplasia Duodenalpolyp Endoscopic polypectomy Gastrointestinal bleeding