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Spectral measurements of hypervelocity flow in an expansion tunnel

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2019年第1期35卷 24-31,I0002页

作者： C.K.Yuan K.Zhou Y.F.Liu Z.m.Hu Z.L.Jiang State Key Laboratory of High-Temperature Gas Dynamic Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Sciences. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics Beijing 100074China

Atmospheric reentry vehicles and planetary probes fly through the atmosphere at hypervelocity speed. At such speed, there is a significant proportion of heat load to the vehicle surface due to radiative heating. Accurate prediction needs a good knowledge of the radiation spectrum properties. In this paper, a high-speed camera and spectrograph coupled to an intensified charge-coupled device have bee n impleme nted to inv estigate the rad i at io n flow over a semi-cylinder model. The experiments were carried out in the JF16 expansi on timnel with secondary shock velocity of 7.9 km·s^-1. results show that the emissio n spectrum comprises several atomic lines and molecular band systems. We give detailed data of the radiation spectrum, shock shape, shock detached distance and radiation intensity varying with space and wavelength. This valuable experimental dataset will be helpful to validate computational fluid dynamics codes and radiation models, which equates to increased prediction accuracy of radiation heating. Also, some suggestions for spectral measurement in hypervelocity flow field were list in the end.

关键词： Spectral measurement Hypervelocity flow radiation Expansion tunnel

Syphilis testing algorithms:A review

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World Journal of Immunology 2016年第1期6卷 1-8页

作者： Steven r Binder Elitza S Theel Clinical Diagnostic Group Bio-Rad Laboratories Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic

The methods and strategies used to screen for syp-hilis and to confirm initially reactive results can vary significantly across clinical laboratories. While the performance characteristics of these different appro-aches have been evaluated by multiple studies, there is not, as of yet, a single, universally recommendedalgorithm for syphilis testing. To clarify the currently available options for syphilis testing, this update will summarize the clinical challenges to diagnosis, review the specific performance characteristics of treponemal and non-treponemal tests, and fnally, summarize select studies published over the past decade which have evaluated these approaches. Specifcally, this review will discuss the traditional and reverse sequence syphilis screening algorithms commonly used in the United States, alongside a discussion of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control syphilis algorithm. Ultimately, in the United States, the decision of which algorithm to use is largely dependent on laboratory resources, the local incidence of syphilis and patient demographics. Key words： Syphilis; Treponemal infection; Immuno-assay; reverse sequence screening; rapid plasma regain; Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test; Automation; Algorithm; Primary infection; Late latent infection

关键词： Syphilis Treponemal infection Immunoassay reverse sequence screening rapid plasma regain Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test Automation Algorithm Primary infection Late latent infection

Oscillatory Flow Fields over rough Wall： An Experimental Investigation

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第9期5卷 1117-1125页

作者： m. Di Natale m. Ciarmiello Department of Civil Engineering Second University of Naples Aversa （CE） 81031 Italy

In this paper the results of an experimental investigation, finalized to analyze the effect of roughness elements on the Oscillatory Boundary Layer （OBL）, were presented and discussed. These experiments can be useful for the characterization of the complex hydrodynamic mechanisms in coastal environment, where the bottom boundary layer is very often subject to momentum exchange processes due to the presence of macro-structures on the bottom able to strongly influence and modify its own structure. In this investigation, experiments were performed in an oscillating water tunnel, covering a range of frequencies to from 0.646 up to 2.319 rad.s^-1. The roughness elements were modelled by mean of a matrix of stiff cylinders arranged on the bottom of the tunnel and two densities of cylinders were considered, corresponding to low and high density respectively. Velocity measurements were obtained by 2C DPIV （2 Component Digital Particle Image Velocimetry） technique. A detailed visualization of the flow through adjacent cylinders, including scalar velocity maps and streamlines are presented. Furthermore phase-averaged velocity distributions are here provided. moreover, root-mean-squared velocities are considered and an empirical relation between （1） the root-mean-squared velocities and the distance from the bottom; （2） the velocity attenuation coefficient and the reynolds number is obtained for both the considered configurations.

关键词： Oscillatory flow rough bottom root-mean-squared velocity velocity attenuation.

The role of rad9 in tumorigenesis

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第1期3卷 39-43页

作者： Howard B.Lieberman Joshua D.Bernstock Constantinos G.Broustas Kevin m.Hopkins Corinne Leloup Aiping Zhu Center for radiological research Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons630 W.168th St.New YorkNY 10032USA Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public Health722 W.168th St.New YorkNY 10032USA

rad9 regulates multiple cellular processes that influence genomic integrity,and for at least some of its functions the protein acts as part of a heterotrimeric complex bound to HUS1 and rad1 ***9 participates in DNA repair,including base excision repair,homologous recombination repair and mismatch repair,multiple cell cycle phase checkpoints and *** addition,functions including the transactivation of downstream target genes,immunoglobulin class switch recombination,as well as 3′–5′exonuclease activity have been *** rad9 expression has been linked to breast,lung,thyroid,skin and prostate tumorigenesis,and a cause–effect relationship has been demonstrated for the latter ***,human rad9 overproduction correlates with prostate cancer whereas deletion of mrad9,the corresponding mouse gene,in keratinocytes leads to skin *** results reveal that rad9 protein can function as an oncogene or tumor suppressor,and aberrantly high or low levels can have deleterious health *** is not clear which of the many functions of rad9 is critical for carcinogenesis,but several alternatives are considered herein and implications for the development of novel cancer therapies based on these findings are examined.

关键词： rad9 tumor suppressor oncogene tumorigenesis cell cycle checkpoints DNA repair

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宫颈癌行姑息性手术的结果分析

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 59-60页

作者： mnstedt K. Johnson P. Von Georgi r. 石磊 Dept. of Obstetric s and Gynecology Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen Giessen Germany

Objectives. Invasive cervical cancer that is discovered only after si mple hyst erectomy remains a problem. Little is known about the best management of this gr oup since there are no relevant outcome studies. This study aimed to quantify th e benefits of guideline-based treatment by comparing outcome data in patients t reated by inappropriate simple hysterectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy with data in patients treated with primary radical surgery, radiotherapy, or radiochemothe rapy. methods. records of 288 patients who had undergone radical hysterectomy wi th pelvic lymphadenectomy or simple hysterectomy were extracted and divided into three groups -radical hysterectomy alone (n = 89), radical hysterectomy and ad juvant radiotherapy (n = 119), and simple hysterectomy with adjuvant radiotherap y (n = 80). Disease-free and overall survival were calculated using Kaplan-mei er analyses. results. There was a trend towards better overall survival in the r adical hysterectomy group. Disease-free survival was significantly better in pa tients treated by radical hysterectomy, followed by simple hysterectomy plus rad iotherapy, and then radical hysterectomy plus radiotherapy (PlogrankDFS radical surgery groups were combined and compared with the subopt imally treated group, no significant differences were seen for overall survival. Conclusion. Postoperative radiotherapy is a good treatment for patients with ce rvical cancer who have undergone suboptimal simple hysterectomy. Appropriate sel ection criteria for further surgery remain to be defined.

关键词：姑息性手术子宫根治术浸润性宫颈癌放疗组无瘤生存率术后放疗存活数数据资料无显著性差异

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三期螺旋CT扫描对肝转移瘤的诊断价值

医学影像学杂志 2004年第10期14卷 818-820页

作者：王廷昱陈奋陈旭陈晶陈大和海南省海口市人民医院CT MRI室海南海口570208

目的 :分析肝转移瘤三期螺旋CT扫描的影像表现 ,并评价其诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析 6 3例患者 36 5个肝转移瘤病灶的三期螺旋CT扫描图像。统计各期病灶的检出数 ,观察病灶增强方式。结果 :肝转移瘤在动脉期、门脉期和平衡期的检出数... 详细信息

目的 :分析肝转移瘤三期螺旋CT扫描的影像表现 ,并评价其诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析 6 3例患者 36 5个肝转移瘤病灶的三期螺旋CT扫描图像。统计各期病灶的检出数 ,观察病灶增强方式。结果 :肝转移瘤在动脉期、门脉期和平衡期的检出数分别为 86 %、95 %和 88%。强化方式呈多样性 ,以边缘环形强化、内部低密度强化为主要特征 ,门脉期病灶显示更清楚 ,更易发现病灶。结论 :三期螺旋CT扫描可提高肝转移瘤的检出率 ,有利于肝转移瘤特征的显示 ,可反映病灶的血供。

关键词：肝转移瘤病灶螺旋CT扫描诊断价值门脉检出动脉期多样性低密度发现

CFD Study of Forced Air Cooling and Windage Losses in a High Speed Electric motor

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Journal of Electronics Cooling and Thermal Control 2015年第2期5卷 27-44页

作者： Kevin r. Anderson Jun Lin Chris mcNamara Valerio magri California State Polytechnic University at Pomona: mechanical Engineering Pomona USA CD-Adapco Irvine USA

High speed and high efficiency synchronized electric motors are favored in the automotive industry and turbo machinery industry worldwide because of the demands placed on efficiency. Herein an electric motor thermal control system using cooling air which enters from the drive end of the motor and exits from the non-drive end of the motor as the rotor experiences dissipates heat is addressed using CFD. Analyses using CFD can help to find the appropriate mass flow rate and windage losses while satisfying temperature requirements on the motor. Here, the air flow through a small annular gap is fed at 620 L/min (0.011 kg/sec) as the rotor spins at 100,000 rpm (10,472 rad/sec) and the rotor dissipates 200 W. The CFD results are compared with experimental results. Based upon the CFD findings, a novel heat transfer correlation suitable for large axial reynolds number, large Taylor number, small annular gap Taylor-Couette flows subject to axial cross-flow is proposed herein.

关键词： Electronics Cooling High-Speed motor Windage Losses Conjugate Heat Transfer

鼻内接触点头痛和难治性偏头痛患者的外科治疗

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 40-41页

作者： Behin F. Behin B. Bigal m.E. Lipton r.B. 周永 142 Palisade Avenue Jersey City NJ 07306 United StatesDr.

Contact point headaches have been attributed to intranasal contact between opp osing mucosal surfaces, resulting in referred pain in the distribution of the tr igeminal nerve. In subjects with primary headaches, contact points may be associ ated with treatment refractoriness. We aimed to assess the benefits of surgical correction in patients with refractory migraine or transformed migraine, and rad iographic evidence of contact points in the sinonasal area. We reviewed charts o f patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and septoplasty for contact po int in the same surgical facility, from October 1998 through August 2003. Subjec ts eligible for surgery had: (i) refractory migraine (failed to standard pharmac ological headache treatments) or refractory transformed migraine; (ii) contact p oints demonstrated by computed tomography scan; (iii) reported significant heada che improvement after topical anaesthesia to the contact area. Headache characte ristics were assessed preoperatively and at follow-up (6-62 months after surge ry) using a standardized questionnaire. A total of 21 subjects (72.5%women) wer e assessed. mean headache frequency was reduced from 17.7 to 7.7 headache days p er month (P=0.003). mean headache severity was reduced from 7.8 to 3.6 on a 0-1 0 scale (P=0.0001). Headache-related disability was reduced from 5.6 (10-point scale) to 1.8 (P r headache scores improved by 50%or more; nine (42.9%) were pain free at the last follow -up. A total of 18 (95.8%) had at least a 25%reduction in their headache scor es. Two patients (9.5%) had increase in their headache score by less than 25%. For selected patients with refractory headaches, demonstrable contact points, a nd positive response after topical anaesthesia, surgical approach toward the tri ggering factor may be useful. Prospective studies are necessary to confirm our r esults.

关键词：难治性偏头痛接触点黏膜接触神经分布区内窥镜鼻窦手术鼻中隔成形术放射影像学局部麻醉转换性分量表

IL-6 prevents Th2 cell polarization by promoting SOCS3-dependent suppression of IL-2 signaling

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2023年第6期20卷 651-665页

作者： Holly Bachus Erin mcLaughlin Crystal Lewis Amber m.Papillion Etty N.Benveniste Dave Durell Hill Alexander F.rosenberg AndréBallesteros-Tato Beatriz León Department of medicine Division of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of microbiology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA informatics Institute University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc.New HavenCTUSA

Defective interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling has been associated with Th2 bias and elevated IgE levels. However, the underlying mechanism by which IL-6 prevents the development of Th2-driven diseases remains unknown. Using a model of house dust mite (HDm)-induced Th2 cell differentiation and allergic airway inflammation, we showed that IL-6 signaling in allergen-specific T cells was required to prevent Th2 cell differentiation and the subsequent IgE response and allergic inflammation. Th2 cell lineage commitment required strong sustained IL-2 signaling. We found that IL-6 turned off IL-2 signaling during early T-cell activation and thus inhibited Th2 priming. mechanistically, IL-6-driven inhibition of IL-2 signaling in responding T cells was mediated by upregulation of Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3). This mechanism could be mimicked by pharmacological Janus Kinase-1 (JAK1) inhibition. Collectively, our results identify an unrecognized mechanism that prevents the development of unwanted Th2 cell responses and associated diseases and outline potential preventive interventions.

关键词： Th2 cell polarization IL-6 IL-2 SOCS3 JAK1 inhibitor