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An evaluation of sustainability and societal impact of high-power laser and fusion technologies:a case for a new European research infrastructure

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 66-69页

作者： S.Atzeni D.Batani C.N.Danson L.A.Gizzi m.perlado m.Tatarakis V.Tikhonchuk L.Volpe Dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma"La Sapienza"Roma 00161Italy CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEAUMR 510733405 TalenceFrance AWE AldermastonReading RG74PRUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche56125 PisaItaly Instituto Fusión Nuclear"Guillermo Velarde"Universidad Politecnica 28006 MadridSpain Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre74100 RethymnoGreece Department of Electronic Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University73133 ChcmiaGreece ELI-Beamlines Center Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Parque CientificoE-37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain Laser-Plasma Chair at the University of Salamanca E-37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain

Fusion energy research is delivering impressive new results emerging from different infrastructures and industrial devices evolving rapidly from ideas to proof-of-principle demonstration and aiming at the conceptual design of reactors for the production of electricity.A major milestone has recently been announced in laser fusion by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and is giving new thrust to laser-fusion energy research worldwide.Here we discuss how these circumstances strongly suggest the need for a European intermediate-energy facility dedicated to the physics and technology of laser-fusion ignition,the physics of fusion materials and advanced technologies for high-repetitionrate,high-average-power broadband lasers.We believe that the participation of the broader scientific community and the increased engagement of industry,in partnership with research and academic institutions,make most timely the construction of this infrastructure of extreme scientific attractiveness.

关键词： fusion energy high power lasers plasmas inertial fusion high energy density

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Limitations for tungsten as plasma facing material in the diverse scenarios of the European inertial confinement fusion facility HiPER: Current status and new approaches

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第5期5卷 52-72页

作者： R.Gonzalez-Arrabal A.Rivera J.m.perlado Instituto de Fusi´on Nuclear Guillermo Velarde y Departamento de Ingenier´ıa Energ´etica ETSII Universidad Polit´ecnica de MadridE-28006 MadridSpain

The high-power laser energy research(HiPER)project was a European project for demonstrating the feasibility of inertial fusion energy based on using direct-drive targets in a shock ignition scheme using a drywall evacuated chamber.HiPER was intended to drive the transition from a scientific proof of principle to a demonstration power plant in Europe.The project was divided into three realistic scenarios(Experimental,Prototype,and Demo)to help identify open problems and select appropriate technologies to solve them.One of the problems identified was the lack of appropriate plasma-facing materials(PFms)for the reaction chamber.Therefore,a major challenge was to develop radiation-resistant materials able to withstand the large thermal loads and radiation in these reactors.In this paper,we describe the main threats that coarse-grained Wwould face in the diverse HiPER scenarios.Based on purely thermomechanical considerations,theWlifetimes for the HiPER Prototype and Demo scenarios are limited by fatigue to 14000 h and 28 h,respectively.The combined effects of thermal load and atomistic damage significantly reduce these lifetimes to just∼1000 shots for the Experimental scenario and a few minutes and seconds for the Prototype and Demo scenarios,respectively.Thus,coarse-grainedWis not an appropriatePFmfor the Prototype or Demo scenarios.Therefore,alternatives to this material need to be identified.Here,we review some of the different approaches that are being investigated,highlight the work done to characterize these new materials,and suggest further experiments.

关键词： diverse purely proof

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Self-modulation and anomalous collective scattering of laser produced intense ion beam in plasmas

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018年第3期3卷 127-134页

作者： K.mima J.Fuchs T.Taguchi J.Alvarez J.R.marques S.N.Chen T.Tajima J.m.perlado The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries 1955-1KurematsuNishikuHamamatsuJapan LULI-CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universite Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesF-91128Palaiseau CedexFrance Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan UniversityNeyagawa572-8508OsakaJapan Instituto de Fusion Nuclear ETSI de IndustrialesUniversidad Politecnica de MadridC/Jose Gutierrez Abascal2E-28006MadridSpain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California at IrvineIrvineCA92697USA

The collective interaction between intense ion beams and plasmas is studied by simulations and experiments,where an intense proton beam produced by a short pulse laser is injected into a pre-ionized gas.It is found that,depending on its current density,collective effects can significantly alter the propagated ion beam and the stopping power.The quantitative agreement that is found between theories and experiments constitutes the first validation of the collective interaction theory.The effects in the interaction between intense ion beams and background gas plasmas are of importance for the design of laser fusion reactors as well as for beam physics.

关键词： Two stream instabilities Ultra intense short pulse laser Proton beam Wake field Electron plasma wave Laser plasma interaction

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Diversity and Taxonomy of Basidiomycetous Fungi at the Northeastern Side of Quezon Protected Landscape,Southern Luzon,Philippines

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2020年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： Felimon Pacle Brazas Jr Liwayway perlado Taglinao Arianne Grace mapacpac Revilla RaymundoFajardo Javier Edwin Roces Tadiosa Department of Liberal Arts Education and SciencesSan Pedro College of Business AdministrationSan Pedro City4023LagunaPhilippines Department of Biological Sciences College of Arts and SciencesCavite State UniversityIndang 4122CavitePhilippines Senior High School Department Dasmariñas East Integrated High SchoolSan SimonDasmariñas City4115CavitePhilippines Science Department College of ScienceBulacan State UniversityGuinhawa St.Malolos City3000BulacanPhilippines College of Science and Computer Studies-Graduate Studies De La Salle UniversityDasmariñas City4115CavitePhilippines

The present study was conducted primarily,to determine the diversity of basidiomycetous fungi and their taxonomy,in the northeastern side of Quezon Protected Landscape,bordering the municipalities of Pagbilao,Padre Burgos and Atimonan in Quezon province,Southern Philippines.Ten quadrats measuring 10 m×15 m with an interval of 50 m were established from a transect line set up from the baseline to the peak of the landscape.Species of basidiomycetous fungi were pre-identified in the field.Substratum,form,texture,size,color and other noteworthy characteristics were recorded during the time of collection.Confirmation of identities was done using published textbooks,literature and consultation with mycology expert.A total of 863 individuals of basidiomycetous fungi were collected and identified belonging to 19 different families,31 genera and 53 species.Polyporaceae family has the highest number of species representing 30%of the total number of individuals documented.most of the species belong to Hexagonia and Polyporus genera.The current research revealed that most of the substrates used by these fungal organisms are woody substrate,specifically rotten woods.The results of Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed that the area has a high basidiomycetous fungal diversity.There was also a high species richness of these fungal organisms,but there was a low dominance and the species were not evenly distributed in the area.As this area is open for hikers,it is recommended that a continuous monitoring of the macrofungi community be done for sustainability and conservation.

关键词： Atimonan basidiomycetous diversity Hexagonia macrofungi northeastern side Quezon Protected Landscape Polyporaceae

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