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Computational algorithms to simulate the steel continuous casting

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2010年第5期17卷 596-607页

作者： A. ramírez-López G. Soto-Cortés m. palomar-pardavé m.A. romero-romo r. Aguilar-López Institute Polytechnic National(mexico) Department of materials Metropolitan Autonomous University

Computational simulation is a very powerful tool to analyze industrial processes to reduce operating risks and improve profits from equipment. The present work describes the development of some computational algorithms based on the numerical method to create a simulator for the continuous casting process, which is the most popular method to produce steel products for metallurgical industries. The kinematics of industrial processing was computationally reproduced using subroutines logically programmed. The cast steel by each strand was calculated using an iterative method nested in the main loop. The process was repeated at each time step （？t） to calculate the casting time, simultaneously, the steel billets produced were counted and stored. The subroutines were used for creating a computational representation of a continuous casting plant （CCP） and displaying the simulation of the steel displacement through the CCP. These algorithms have been developed to create a simulator using the programming language C＋＋. Algorithms for computer animation of the continuous casting process were created using a graphical user interface （GUI）. Finally, the simulator functionality was shown and validated by comparing with the industrial information of the steel production of three casters.

关键词： continuous casting simulation numerical method computational algorithm

Simulation factors of steel continuous casting

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2010年第3期17卷 267-275页

作者： A.ramírez-López r.Aguilar-López A.Kunold-Bello J.González-Trejo m.palom.r-pardavé Department of materiales Metropolitan Autonomous University Institute Polytechnic National Institute Technologic Autonomous of mexico

The factors involved in simulating the continuous casting process of steel and the effects of the factors on the thermal behavior were investigated. The numerical methods and the influence of some assumptions were also analyzed, such as nodes used to discretize the steel in array size and computing time to obtain good approaches. The results show that some of these factors are related with the design of the continuous casting plant （CCP）, such as geometrical configuration, and the operating conditions, such as water flow rate, heat removal coefficient in the mold, casting times, and casting speed in the strand, which affect the heat removal conditions over the temperature and solidification profiles.

关键词： continuous casting thermal behavior numerical method computer simulation

A cellular automata model for simulating grain structures with straight and hyperbolic interfaces

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2012年第8期19卷 699-710页

作者： A.ramírez-López m.palom.r-pardavé D.muñoz-Negrón C.Duran-Valencia S.López-ramirez G.Soto-Cortés materials and Energy Department Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityMexico Department of Industrial Engineering Technological Autonomous Institute of MexicoMexico Department of molecular Engineering Mexican Institute of PetroleumMexico

A description of a mathematical algorithm for simulating grain structures with straight and hyperbolic interfaces is shown. The presence of straight and hyperbolic interfaces in many grain structures of metallic materials is due to different solidification conditions, in- eluding different solidification speeds, growth directions, and delaying on the nucleation times of each nucleated node. Grain growth is a complex problem to be simulated; therefore, computational methods based on the chaos theory have been developed for this purpose. Straight and hyperbolic interfaces are between columnar and equiaxed grain structures or in transition zones. The algorithm developed in this work involves random distributions of temperature to assign preferential probabilities to each node of the simulated sample for nucleation according to previously defined boundary conditions. moreover, more than one single nucleation process can be established in order to gen- erate hyperbolic interfaces between the grains. The appearance of new nucleated nodes is declared in sequences with a particular number of nucleated nodes and a number of steps for execution. This input information influences directly on the final grain structure （grain size and dislribution）. Preferential growth directions are also established to obtain equiaxed and columnar grains. The simulation is done using rou- tines for nucleation and growth nested inside the main function. Here, random numbers are generated to place the coordinates of each new nucleated node at each nucleation sequence according to a solidification probability. Nucleation and growth routines are executed as a func- tion of nodal availability in order to know if a node will be part of a grain. Finally, this information is saved in a two-dimensional computa- tional array and displayed on the computer screen placing color pixels on the corresponding position forming an image as is done in cellular automaton.

关键词： grain growth interfaces grain size and shape computational methods algorithms cellular automata computer simulation

Electrochemical nucleation and growth of aluminum nanoparticles and leaf-like flat microstructures from reline deep eutectic solvent: Effect of temperature and angular speed of working electrode

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2022年第3期32卷 1050-1060页

作者： G.VIDAL-GArCÍA C.E.GUINTO-PANO I.GArCÍA-HErNÁNDEZ E.rODrÍGUEZ-CLEmENTE P.mOrALES-GIL m.T.rAmÍrEZ-SILVA m.rOmErO-rOmO m.palom.r-pardavé Universidad Autónoma metropolitana-Azcapotzalco Departamento de MaterialesAv.San Pablo 180 Col.Reynosa-TamaulipasCDMXC.P.02200México Instituto mexicano del Petróleo Laboratorio de Caracterización de Materiales Sintéticos y NaturalesEje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152CDMXC.P.07730México Universidad Autónoma metropolitana-Iztapalapa Departamento de QuímicaAv.San Rafael Atlixco#186Col.VicentinaCDMX.C.P.09340México

The main objective of this work was to use reline deep eutectic solvent,containing Al(III)ions,for the electrochemical study of the nucleation and growth of aluminum onto a glassy carbon electrode at different temperatures and angular speeds(ω)of the working *** order to fulfill this,electrochemical and surface characterization techniques were *** was found that as temperature increased,the onset of the Al(III)DES reduction occurred at less negative potentials while the current peak of the voltammograms *** indicate that Al deposition thermodynamics and kinetics were ***,no anodic current was detected due to Al passivation by Al(OH)_(3)(s)andγ-Al_(2)O_(3)(s).Atω=0 r/min,the Al deposition chronoamperograms were analyzed by a theoretical model comprising Al 3D diffusion-controlled nucleation and growth and residual water ***,those recorded at different angular speeds were analyzed with a theoretical model where adsorption−desorption and diffusion-controlled nucleation−growth occurred *** deposits were characterized by SEm,EDX,XPS and ***ω=0 r/min,formation of well distributed nanoparticles((78.1±9.5)nm)was observed,while atω=900 r/min the deposit was formed by multiple 10μm diameter leaf-like flat microstructures,composed by Al,Al(OH)_(3)(s)andγ-A2O3(s).

关键词： aluminum electrochemical nucleation deep eutectic solvent angular speed of working electrode temperature