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Smoking cessation prior to elective total joint arthroplasty results in sustained abstinence postoperatively

World Journal of orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Billy Insup Kim Jeffrey o'Donnell Colleen m Wixted Thorsten markus Seyler William A Jiranek michael Paul Bolognesi Sean Patrick Ryan Department of orthopedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of orthopedic Surgery New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003United States Department of orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27560United States

BACKGRoUND Tobacco use is a well-documented modifiable risk factor for perioperative *** To determine the tobacco abstinence rates of patients who made cessation efforts prior to a total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** A retrospective evaluation was performed on 88 self-reported tobacco users who underwent TJA between 2014-2022 and had tobacco cessation dates within 3 mo of *** patients were contacted via phone survey to understand their tobacco use pattern,and patient reported outcomes.A total of 37 TJA patients *** our cohort was on average 61-years-old,60%(n=22)women,with an average body mass index of 30 kg/m^(2).The average follow-up time was 2.9±1.9 years.A total of 73.0%(n=27)of patients endorsed complete abstinence from tobacco use prior to *** cessation methods were used perioperatively including prescription therapy(13.5%),over the counter nicotine replacement(18.9%),cessation programs(5.4%).At final follow up,43.2%(n=16)of prior tobacco smokers reported complete *** who were able to maintain cessation postoperatively had improved Patient-Reported outcomes measurement Information System(PRomIS)-10 mental health scores(49 vs 58;P=0.01),and hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement(***)scores(63 vs 82;P=0.02).No patients in this cohort had a prosthetic joint infection or required revision *** We report a tobacco cessation rate of 43.2%in patients undergoing elective TJA nearly 3 years *** undergoing TJA who were able to remain abstinent had improved PRomIS-10 mental health scores and *** *** perioperative period provides clinicians a unique opportunity to assist active tobacco smokers with cessation efforts and improve postoperative outcomes.

关键词： Smoking cessation Total joint arthroplasty outcomes Tobacco use Postoperative abstinence

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Steroidal scaffold decorations in Solanum alkaloid biosynthesis

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molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1236-1254页

作者： Rosalind Lucier mohamed o.Kamileen Yoko Nakamura Sofiia Serediuk Ranjit Barbole Jens Wurlitzer maritta Kunert Sarah Heinicke Sarah E.o'Connor Prashant D.Sonawane Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Research Group Biosynthesis and NmR Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Biochemical Sciences Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008MaharashtraIndia

Steroidal glycoalkaloids(SGAs)are specialized metabolites produced by hundreds of Solanum species,including important vegetable crops such as tomato,potato,and *** it has been known that SGAs play important roles in defense in plants and“anti-nutritional"effects(e.g.,toxicity and bitterness)to humans,many of these molecules have documented anti-cancer,anti-microbial,antiinflammatory,anti-viral,and anti-pyretic *** these,α-solasonine andα-solamargine isolated from black nightshade(Solanum nigrum)are reported to have potent anti-tumor,anti-proliferative,and anti-inflammatory ***,α-solasonine andα-solamargine,along with the core steroidal aglycone solasodine,are the most widespread SGAs produced among the Solanum ***,it is still unknown how plants synthesize these bioactive steroidal *** comparative metabolomictranscriptome-guided approach,biosynthetic logic,combinatorial expression in Nicotiana benthamiana,and functional recombinant enzyme assays,here we report the discovery of 12 enzymes from *** that converts the starting cholesterol precursorto solasodine aglycone,and the downstreamα-solasonine,α-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGA *** further identified six enzymes from cultivated eggplant that catalyze the production ofα-solasonine,α-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGAs from solasodine aglycone via glycosylation and atypical malonylation *** work provides the gene tool box and platform for engineering the production of high-value,steroidal bioactive molecules inheterologoushosts usingsyntheticbiology.

关键词： steroidal glycoalkaloids Solanum biosynthetic pathway α-solamargine malonyl-solamargine specialized metabolites

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Dysregulated microRNAs in type 2 diabetes and breast cancer:Potential associated molecular mechanisms

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1187-1198页

作者： Alex Cleber Improta-Caria Filipe Ferrari João Lucas Penteado Gomes Paloma Brasilio Villalta Úrsula Paula RenóSoci Ricardo Stein Edilamar m oliveira Laboratory of Biochemistry and molecular Biology of the Exercise Physical Education and Sport SchoolUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do SulHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035003Brazil Laboratory of metabolic Disorders(Labdime) School of Applied SciencesUniversity of Campinas-UNICAMPCampinas 13484-350Brazil Departments of Internal medicine Molecular Pharmacology and PhysiologyCenter for Regenerative MedicineUSF Health Heart InstituteMorsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33602United States

Type 2 diabetes(T2D)is a multifaceted and heterogeneous syndrome associated with complications such as hypertension,coronary artery disease,and notably,breast cancer(BC).The connection between T2D and BC is established through processes that involve insulin resistance,inflammation and other *** this comprehension the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms linking T2D to BC,especially through microRNAs(miRNAs),remain *** are regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have the function of regulating target genes by modulating various signaling pathways and biological ***,the signaling pathways and biological processes regulated by miRNAs that are associated with T2D and BC have not yet been *** review aims to identify dysregulated miRNAs in both T2D and BC,exploring potential signaling pathways and biological processes that collectively contribute to the development of BC.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Breast cancer microRNAs molecular mechanisms

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Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmooDI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the ComSoL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

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Is it possible to run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： Raphael H.o.Araujo Andre o.Werneck Gilmar m.de Jesus Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Psychological medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK Public Health Post-Graduate Program State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristovao 490100-000Brazil

We recently read the opinion piece titled“Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by maltagliati et al.^(1)and published in the Journal of Sport and Health *** article started an important discussion about a physical activity(PA)promotion approach that encourages the use of affective experience to PA *** we agree with the authors’point of view and believe that its message can generate an important insight for PA promotion,the authors presented a scenario where behavior change seems to be exclusively dependent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested approach because many people live in conditions that reduce their opportunities to engage in affective experiences related to PA;furthermore,affective experiences can vary depending on individual context.

关键词： promotion inequalities furthermore

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Doping Effect of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) on Carbon Nanofibers Deduced by Thermoelectric Analysis of Their melt mixed Films

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第11期 1802-1810页

作者： A.J.Paleo V.m.Serrato J.m.mánuel o.Toledano E.mu?oz m.melle-Franco B.Krause P.P?tschke K.Lozano 2C2T-Centre for Textile Science and Technology University of Minho Campus de Azurém Florida Institute of Technology The Aerospace Corporation Department of Condensed matter Physics and Institute of Research on Electron microscopy and materials(ImEYmAT) Faculty of Sciences University of Cádiz CICECo – Aveiro Institute of materials Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro UNED-Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.IPF Department of mechanical Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley

The effect of temperature on the electrical conductivity （σ） and Seebeck coefficient （S） of n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers （CNFs）and poly（vinylidene fluoride）(PVDF) melt-mixed with 15 wt%of those CNFs is *** 40°C,the CNFs show stable n-type character (S=-4.8μV·K-1) with anσof ca.165 S·m-1,while the PVDF/CNF composite film shows anσof ca.9 S·m-1and near-zero S (S=-0.5μV·K-1).This experimental reduction in S is studied by the density functional tight binding （DFTB） method revealing a contact electron transfer from the CNFs to the PVDF in the ***,in the temperature range from 40°C to 100°C,theσ（T） of the CNFs and PVDF/CNF film,successfully described by the 3D variable range hopping （VRH） model,is explained as consequence of a thermally activated backscattering *** the contrary,the S（T）from 40°C to 100°C of the PVDF/CNF film,which satisfactorily matches the model proposed for some multi-walled carbon nanotube （mWCNT）doped mats;however,it does not follow the increase in S（T） found for *** these findings are presented with the aim of discerning the role of these n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers on theσand S of their melt-mixed polymer composites.

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Percutaneous nephrostomy versus ureteral stent in hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 261-270页

作者： Andreia Cardoso Aparício Coutinho Gonçalo Neto Sara Anacleto Catarina Laranjo Tinoco Nuno morais mário Cerqueira-Alves Estevão Lima Paulo mota Department of Urology Hospital de BragaBragaPortugal School of medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal Association(2CA-Braga).School of medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal

objective: To assess if there is a preferable intervention between retrograde ureteral stent (RUS) and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube, in cases of upper urinary tract stone obstruction with complications requiring urgent drainage, by evaluating outcomes regarding urinary symptoms, quality of life (QoL), spontaneous stone passage, and length of hospital stays, since there is no literature stating the superiority of one modality over the ***: We searched mEDLINE and other sources for relevant articles in June 2019 without any date restrictions or filters applied. The selection was done first by the title and abstract screening and then by full-text assessment for eligibility. only randomized controlled trials or cohort studies in patients with hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis that presented comparative data between PCN and RUS placement concerning at least one of the defined outcome measures were included. Lastly, mEDLINE database and Pubmed platform were screened again using the same terms, from June 2019 until November ***: of 556 initial articles, seven were included in this review. most works were considered of moderate-to-high quality. Three studies regarding QoL showed a tendency against stenting, even though only one demonstrated statistically significant negative impact on overall health state. Two works reported significantly more post-intervention urinary symptoms in stenting patients. one article found that PCN is a significant predictor of spontaneous stone passage, when adjusted for stone size and location. Findings on length of hospital stays were not consistent among ***: PCN appears to be the intervention better tolerated, with less impact on the patient’s perceived QoL and less post-operative urinary symptoms, in comparison with RUS. Nevertheless, further studies with larger samples and a randomized controlled design are suggested.

关键词： Ureteral stent Percutaneous nephrostomy obstructive urolithiasis Urinary symptoms Quality of life

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Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)o_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： S.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of Tio_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)o_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)o_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure Tio_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)o_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)o_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of Tio_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in Tio_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)o_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on SEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of Tio_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)o_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)o_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)o_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： Semiconductor Tio_(2) Rare earths Congo red methylene blue Solar spectrum Photodegradation

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Kidney transplantation outcomes: Is it possible to improve when good results are falling down?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 1-4页

作者： Fernando m Gonzalez Francisca del Rocío Gonzalez Cohens Department of Nephrology Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiago 7500922Chile Web Intelligence Centre Faculty of Physics and Mathematical SciencesUniversidad de ChileSantiago 8370397Chile

Famure et al describe that close to 50%of their patients needed early or very early hospital readmissions after their kidney *** they taught us the variables related to those outcomes,we describe eight teaching capsules that may go beyond what they describe in their *** two capsules talk about the ideal donors and recipients we should choose for avoiding the risk of an early *** third and fourth capsules tell us about the reality of cadaveric donors and recipients with comorbidities,and the way transplant physicians should choose them to maximize *** capsule shows that any mistake can result in an early readmission,and thus,in poorer *** capsule talks about economic losses of early readmissions,cost-effectiveness of tran-splantation,and how to improve outcomes and reduce costs by managing a risky *** capsule argues about knowing your risk behavior to better manage your portfolio;and Eighth capsule about the importance of the center experience in transplanting complex *** finish with some lessons of the importance of the transplantation process and the collaboration with other disciplines in order to prevent the conditions that lead to early readmissions.

关键词： Kidney tranplantation Hospitalization Prognostic factors Portfolio theory Transplant

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Helicobacter pylori:High dose amoxicillin does not improve primary or secondary eradication rates in an Irish cohort

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2773-2779页

作者： Conor Costigan Aoife m o'Sullivan Jim o'Connell Shreyashee Sengupta Thomas Butler Stephen molloy Fintan John o'Hara Barbara Ryan Niall Breslin Sarah o'Donnell Anthony o'Connor Sinead Smith Deirdre mcNamara Trinity Academic Gastroenterology Group School of Medicine-Trinity College DublinDublin D2Ireland Department of Gastroenterology Tallaght University HospitalDublin D24 NR0AIreland

BACKGRoUND Helicobacter pylori(***)eradication rates have fallen globally,likely in large part due to increasing antibiotic resistance to traditional *** areas of high clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance such as ours,maastricht VI guidelines suggest high dose amoxicillin dual therapy(HDADT)can be considered,subject to evidence for local *** this study we assess efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish *** To assess the efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish cohort as both first line,and subsequent therapy for patients diagnosed with *** All patients testing positive for *** in a tertiary centre were treated prospectively with HDADT(amoxicillin 1 g tid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid×14 d)over a period of 8 *** was confirmed with Urea Breath Test at least 4 wk after cessation of therapy.A delta-over-baseline>4%was considered *** demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded,analysed and controlled for basic demographics and prior *** *** one hundred and ninety-eight patients were identified with *** infection,10 patients were excluded due to penicillin allergy and 38 patients refused follow up *** all 139 were included in the analysis,55%(n=76)were female,mean age was 46.6 ***,93(67%)of patients were treatment-naïve and 46(33%)had received at least one previous course of *** groups were statistically ***-reported compliance with HDADT was 97%,mild side-effects occurred in 7%.There were no serious adverse drug *** the eradication rate for our cohort was 56%(78/139).Eradication rates were worse for those with previous treatment[43%(20/46)vs 62%(58/93),P=0.0458,odds ratio=2.15].Age and Gender had no effect on eradication *** overall eradication rates with HDADT were *** being a simple and possibly better tolerated regime,these results do not

关键词： Helicobacter pylori eradication Helicobacter pylori High dose amoxicillin High dose amoxicillin dual therapy Triple therapy

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