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Finding my way: The role of dirigent proteins in lignin assembly

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molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 230-232页

作者： Dyoni m.Oliveira Igor Cesarino Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology 9052 GhentBelgium Departamento de Botanica Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloRua do Matao277Sao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Synthetic and Systems Biology Center InovaUSPAvenida Professor Lucio Martins Rodrigues370SaoPaulo 05508-020Brazil

Lignin emerged around 450 million years ago in early tracheophytes and played a pivotal role in the colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by *** aromatic biopolymer provides mechanical strength to supportive tissues and hydrophobicity to water-transporting vasculature and acts as a physical barrier against herbivores and pathogens(Renault et al.,2019).The deposition of lignin in cell walls for proper cellular functionalization involves several molecular steps,including the tight regulation of tissue-or cell-type-specific expression of lignin biosynthetic genes,the biosynthesis of distinct lignin monomers and their transportation to the apoplast,and the polymerization of monomer radicals to produce tissue-or cell-type-dependent polymers with distinct physico-chemical properties.

关键词： properties. lignin walls

Combining neural progenitor cell transplant and rehabilitation for enhanced recovery after cervical spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1433-1434页

作者： Camila m.Freria Paul Lu Department of Neurosciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System San DiegoCAUSA

Efforts to promote recovery of function after human spinal cord injury(SCI) will likely require interventions to rgeting the corticospinal tract(CST) motor system:the most important pathway for voluntary motor control in *** system has historically been the most refractory to regenerative efforts after *** "nonregeneration" of the CST changed when robust regeneration of the CST into spared tissue was demonstrated by the inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog and delivery of inosine.

关键词： cervical progenitor injury

Influence of cerium ions on structure-dependent magnetic properties of Ba-Sr m-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram A.Pawar Sunil m.Patange P.m.Dighe Sher Singh meena Abdullah GAl-Sehemi mehboobali Pannipara Santosh S.Jadhav Department of Physics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia Department of Physics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia Solid State Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia Department of Chemistry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The present study is a systematic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive magnetic parameters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chemically formulated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite powders were prepared using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared *** creation of the m-type hexaferrite phase within the synthesized samples was revealed from the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary phase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to compute the lattice parameters,X-ray density,and lattice parameter *** crystal structure plotted from the refined XRD data reveals the occupancy of the ions at different lattice *** XPS data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTIR spectra confirms that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accommodated in the lattice and the remaining Ce content reside in the form of the CeO_(2) *** morphology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from the FESEm profiles of the ferrite *** magnetic behavior study was performed by analyzing the Curie temperature,hysteresis loops,and hyperfine interactions by means of susceptibility,V.S.m,and mossbauer spectroscopy,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation magnetization,and decreasing Curie temperature are reported in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice imperfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned magnetic parameters suitable for different applications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution XPS Saturation magnetization Coercivity m?ssbauer spectroscopy

modern View on Potentials of Forensic Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Expertise

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Journal of Forensic Science and medicine 2024年第1期10卷 62-67页

作者： Elena m.Vazhnichaya Nataliia m.Deviatkina Department of Pharmacology Clinical Pharmacology and PharmacyPoltava State Medical UniversityPoltavaUkraine

The great number of drugs and their variety have increased the potential of therapy but increased the risks of crimes related to the production,sale,and use of *** prosecution of such crimes requires pharmaceutical or pharmacological *** development of forensic pharmacy and forensic pharmacology is relevant and needs consideration of their modern *** purpose of the work is to analyze literature data on the scientific basis of forensic pharmaceutical and pharmacological expertise and their modern *** texts of articles,book chapters,and websites were studied using keywords relevant to the purpose of the *** is shown,that modern forensic pharmaceutical expertise is a separate type of expertise that focuses on the study of drugs and documents that regulate the production,distribution,and quality of *** uses the latest analytical methods of pharmacy.A pharmacologist analyzes body fluids and tissues and interprets the resulting data to help courts and investigators assess the role of a drug in the person’s behavior,illness,injury,or *** range of issues included in the pharmacological examination is fully within the competence of the forensic medical examination,which can be appointed in civil cases or criminal proceedings connected with harm to health or *** pharmacology is not the same as forensic toxicology or pharmacovigilance and requires a separate approach based on purely pharmacological knowledge.

关键词： Drug expertise forensic pharmacology forensic pharmacy

A Reputation-Based AODV Protocol for Blackhole and malfunction Nodes Detection and Avoidance

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1867-1888页

作者： Qussai m.Yaseen monther Aldwairi Ahmad manasrah Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityAjman346United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Information Systems Faculty of Computer and Information TechnologyJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityAbu Dhabi144534United Arab Emirates Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science Yarmouk UniversityIrbid21163Jordan Computer Information Systems Higher Colleges of TechnologySharjah341214United Arab Emirates

Enhancing the security of Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)improves the usability of their ***,finding solutions to various attacks,such as the blackhole attack,is crucial for the success of WSN *** paper proposes an enhanced version of the AODV(Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector)protocol capable of detecting blackholes and malfunctioning benign nodes in WSNs,thereby avoiding them when delivering *** proposed version employs a network-based reputation system to select the best and most secure path to a *** achieve this goal,the proposed version utilizes the Watchdogs/Pathrater mechanisms in AODV to gather and broadcast reputations to all network nodes to build the network-based reputation *** minimize the network overhead of the proposed approach,the paper uses reputation aggregator nodes only for forwarding reputation ***,to reduce the overhead of updating reputation tables,the paper proposes three mechanisms,which are the prompt broadcast,the regular broadcast,and the light broadcast *** proposed enhanced version has been designed to perform effectively in dynamic environments such as mobile WSNs where nodes,including blackholes,move continuously,which is considered a challenge for other *** the proposed enhanced protocol,a node evaluates the security of different routes to a destination and can select the most secure routing *** paper provides an algorithm that explains the proposed protocol in detail and demonstrates a case study that shows the operations of calculating and updating reputation values when nodes move across different ***,the paper discusses the proposed approach’s overhead analysis to prove the proposed enhancement’s correctness and applicability.

关键词： AODV blackhole malfunction nodes pathrater reputation system wireless sensor networks(WSNs) watchdogs

Thriving green havens in baking deserts:Plant diversity and species composition of urban plantations in the Sahara Desert

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1270-1287页

作者： mohammed SOUDDI Haroun CHENCHOUNI m'hammed BOUALLALA Laboratory of Saharan Natural Resources Faculty of Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of Ahmed Draia-AdrarAdrar 01000Algeria Laboratory of Algerian Forests and Climate Change Higher National School of ForestsKhenchela 40000Algeria Laboratory of Natural Resources and management of Sensitive Environments University of Oum El BouaghiOum El Bouaghi 04000Algeria Higher School of Saharan Agriculture Adrar 01000Algeria

Hot arid zones represent vital reservoirs of unique species and ecosystems,holding significant importance for *** study aimed to explore the plant diversity associated with tree plantations in urban ecosystems under hyper-arid climatic conditions in the Sahara Desert of *** may 2022,30 quadrats measuring 1 m^(2) each were established at the base of Phoenix dactylifera,Leucaena leucocephala,and Tamarix aphylla,corresponding to the dominant tree species in each of three *** each quadrat,the plant quantitative inventory was conducted to measure plant diversity and similarity among the studied *** on this,we assessed the plant functional traits and rarity/abundance status of the *** findings revealed a diverse flora associated with the studied plantations,comprising 29 plant species grouped into 27 genera and 12 ***,Poaceae(accounting for 30.8% of the flora),Asteraceae(25.0%),and Zygophyllaceae(21.6%)were *** an overall density of approximately 555 individuals/m^(2),Zygophyllum album(120 individuals/m^(2))and Polypogon monspeliensis(87 individuals/m^(2))emerged as the most abundant *** trait analysis underscored the pivotal role of therophytes(constituting over 50.0% of the flora)and anemochorous species(33.0%-62.5%).Phytogeographic analysis emphasized the prevalence of the Saharo-Arabic element(constituting over 31.0% of the flora)and the mediterranean Saharo-Arabic element(9.5%-21.5%).The Cosmopolitan element thrived under disturbance factors,recording percentages from 13.0% to 20.0% of the plant *** rarity/abundance status of the flora emphasized the significance of rare,common,and very common species in the studied *** findings could provide fundamental data for the effective control and management of biodiversity in hot hyper-arid urban ecosystems.

关键词： urban plantations plant diversity plant functional traits rarity/abundance status Sahara Desert Algeria

Nonuniform Dependence on the Initial Data for Solutions of Conservation Laws

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Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 489-500页

作者： John m.Holmes Barbara Lee Keyfitz Department of mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

In this paper,we study systems of conservation laws in one space *** prove that for classical solutions in Sobolev spaces H^(s),with s>3/2,the data-to-solution map is not uniformly *** results apply to all nonlinear s... 详细信息

关键词： Conservation laws Data-to-solution map Nonuniform dependence

Green hydrogen energy production: current status and potential

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 1-7页

作者： maka, Ali O. m. mehmood, mubbashar Libyan Ctr Res & Dev Saharian Communities Murzuq Libya Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Scotland

The technique of producing hydrogen by utilizing green and renewable energy sources is called green hydrogen production. Therefore, by implementing this technique, hydrogen will become a sustainable and clean energy source by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. The key benefit of producing green hydrogen by utilizing green energy is that no harmful pollutants or greenhouse gases are directly released throughout the process. Hence, to guarantee all of the environmental advantages, it is crucial to consider the entire hydrogen supply chain, involving storage, transportation and end users. Hydrogen is a promising clean energy source and targets plan pathways towards decarbonization and net-zero emissions by 2050. This paper has highlighted the techniques for generating green hydrogen that are needed for a clean environment and sustainable energy solutions. moreover, it summarizes an overview, outlook and energy transient of green hydrogen production. Consequently, its perspective provides new insights and research directions in order to accelerate the development and identify the potential of green hydrogen production. Hydrogen is a promising clean energy source and a pathway towards decarbonization and net-zero emissions by 2050. This article provides perspective on techniques for generating green hydrogen that are needed for a clean environment and sustainable energy solutions. Graphical Abstract

关键词： green hydrogen energy hydrogen production energy transition clean energy perspective of green hydrogen TECHNOLOGIES ROADmAP

Sparse-Grid Implementation of Fixed-Point Fast Sweeping WENO Schemes for Eikonal Equations

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Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 3-29页

作者： Zachary m.miksis Yong-Tao Zhang Department of Applied and Computational mathematics and Statistics University of Notre DameNotre DameIN46556USA

Fixed-point fast sweeping methods are a class of explicit iterative methods developed in the literature to efficiently solve steady-state solutions of hyperbolic partial differential equations(PDEs).As other types of fast sweeping schemes,fixed-point fast sweeping methods use the Gauss-Seidel iterations and alternating sweeping strategy to cover characteristics of hyperbolic PDEs in a certain direction simultaneously in each sweeping *** resulting iterative schemes have a fast convergence rate to steady-state ***,an advantage of fixed-point fast sweeping methods over other types of fast sweeping methods is that they are explicit and do not involve the inverse operation of any nonlinear local ***,they are robust and flexible,and have been combined with high-order accurate weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes to solve various hyperbolic PDEs in the *** multidimensional nonlinear problems,high-order fixed-point fast sweeping WENO methods still require quite a large amount of computational *** this technical note,we apply sparse-grid techniques,an effective approximation tool for multidimensional problems,to fixed-point fast sweeping WENO methods for reducing their computational ***,we focus on fixed-point fast sweeping WENO schemes with third-order accuracy(Zhang et al.2006[41]),for solving Eikonal equations,an important class of static Hamilton-Jacobi(H-J)*** experiments on solving multidimensional Eikonal equations and a more general static H-J equation are performed to show that the sparse-grid computations of the fixed-point fast sweeping WENO schemes achieve large savings of CPU times on refined meshes,and at the same time maintain comparable accuracy and resolution with those on corresponding regular single grids.

关键词： Fixed-point fast sweeping methods Weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes Sparse grids Static Hamilton-Jacobi(H-J)equations Eikonal equations