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Anthracene Removal and mineral N Dynamics in a Surfactant-Amended Soil

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Pedosphere 2014年第6期24卷 783-790页

作者： m.R.CRDENAS-AQUINO G.SALOmóN-HERNNDEZ .AGUILAR-CHVEZ m.L.luna-guido R.mARSCH L.DENDOOVEN Laboratory of Soil Ecology Department of Biotechnology and BioengineeringCinvestavMexico D.F.C.P.07360 (Mexico)

Surfactants, such as non-ionic Surfynol 485 （ethoxylated 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol）, have been applied to accelerate removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil. This study investigated the dissipation of anthracene, and carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） mineralization in soil amended with non-ionic Surfynol 485 at different rates. Soil samples of a Typic Fragiudept taken from Otumba, mexico were spiked with anthracene at a final concentration of 520 mg kg^-1 dry soil using acetone as solvent, amended with 0.0, 24.9, 49.8 or 124.4 g kg^-1 soil of the surfactant and incubated in the laboratory. The soil not amended with anthracene, acetone and the surfactant was used as a control. Dynamics of C and N and the concentration of anthracene were monitored for 56 d. After 56 d of incubation, 38% of the anthracene was removed from the unamended soil, and 47%, 55% and 66% of the anthracene were removed when 24.9, 49.8 and 124.4 g kg^-1 of the surfactant were applied, respectively. Application of acetone, anthracene or surfactant increased the emission of CO2, but decreased the mineral N compared to the unamended control. Applying the surfactant to the acetone or anthracene-amended soil reduced emission of CO2, but increased the mineral N at the lower application rates of the surfactant. It was found that the application of the non-ionic surfactant increased the bioavailability of anthracene and thus its removal from soil, increased C mineralization, but decreased N miaeralization. Consequently, the application of non-ionic surfactant could be easily used to accelerate the removal of pollutants from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, but mineral N in the soil would decrease, which might inhibit plant growth.

关键词： acetone anthracene bioavailability C mineralization CO2 emission non-ionic surfactant Surfynol 485 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Dynamics of ^(14)C-labelled Glucose and NH_4^+ in a Regularly Flooded Extremely Alkaline Saline Soil

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Pedosphere 2015年第2期25卷 230-239页

作者： Luc DENDOOVEN Eustacio RAmIREZ-FUENTES Rocio ALCANTARA-HERNDEZ Cesar VALENZUELA-ENCINAS Katia Berenice SANCHEZ-LOPEZ marco luna-guido Victor manuel RUIZ-VALDIVIEZO Laboratory of Soil Ecology ABACUSCinvestavAvenida Instituto Politecnico Nacional 2508CP 07360Mexico Mexico

Flooding an extremely alkaline(pH 10.6) saline soil of the former Lake Texcoco to reduce salinity will affect the soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N) dynamics.A laboratory incubation experiment was done to investigate how decreasing soil salt content affected dynamics of C and N in an extremely alkaline saline *** soil with electrical conductivity(EC) of 59.2 dS m^(-1) was packed in columns,and then flooded with tap water,drained freely and conditioned aerobically at 50%water holding capacity for a *** process of flooding-drainage-conditioning was repeated eight *** original soil and the soil that had undergone one,two,four and eight flooding-drainage-conditioning cycles were amended with 1000 mg glucose-^(14)C kg^(-1) soil and 200 mg NH_4^+-N kg^(-1)soil,and then incubated for 28 *** CO_2 emissions,soil microbial biomass,and soil ammonium(NE_4^+),nitrite(NO_2^-) and nitrate(NO_3^-) were monitored in the aerobic incubation of 28 *** soil EC decreased from 59.2 to 1.0 dS m^(_1) after eight floodings,and soil pH decreased from 10.6 to *** the added ^(14)C-labelled glucose,only 8%was mineralized in the original soil,while 24%in the soil flooded eight times during the 28-d *** priming effect was on average 278 mg C kg^(-1) soil after the 28-d *** microbial biomass C(mean 66 mg C kg^(-1) soil) did not change with flooding times in the unamended soil,and increased 1.4 times in the glucose-NH_4^+-amended *** immobilization and NO_2^- concentration in the aerobically incubated soil decreased with increasing flooding times,while NO_3^- concentration *** was found that flooding the Texcoco soil decreased the EC sharply,increased mineralization of glucose,stimulated nitrification,and reduced immobilization of inorganic N,but did not affect soil microbial biomass C.

关键词： C mineralization CO2 emission microbial biomass C mineral N nitrification

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Growth of Wheat Cultivated in Soil Amended with Digestate from Biogas Production

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 318-327页

作者： Liliana PAmPILLON-GONZALEZ marco luna-guido Victor manuel RUIZ-VALDIVIEZO Olivia FRANCO-HERNANDEZ Fabign FERNANDEZ-LUQUENO Oetavio PAREDES-LOPEZ Gerardo HERNANDEZ Luc DENDOOVEN PhD Program on Science Technology and Society Cinvestav IPN 2508 Mexico DF 07360 (Mexico) Laboratory of Soil Ecology Laboratorio de Matemdticas Aplicadas y Cdmputo de Alto Rendimiento Cinvestav-Edomex (ABACUS) Cinvestav IPN 2508 Mexico DF 07360 (Mexico) Department of Chemistry Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnologla-Instituto Politdcnico Nacional (UPIBI-IPN) Me- xico DF 07340 (Mexico) Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Program Cinvestav-Saltillo 1062 Coahuila 25900 (Mexico) Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry Cinvestav Irapuato 36821 (Mexico)

Digestate, the product obtained after anaerobic digestion of organic waste for biogas production, is rich in plant nutrients and might be used to fertilize crops. Wheat （Triticum spp. L.） was fertilized with digestate, urea, or left unfertilized and cultivated in the greenhouse for 120 d. Emissions of greenhouse gasses （carbon dioxide （CO2）, methane （CH4）, and nitrous oxide （N20）） were monitored and plant growth characteristics were determined at harvest. The digestate was characterized for heavy metals, pathogens, and C and N mineralization potential in an aerobic incubation experiment. No Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., or viable eggs of helminths were detected in the digested pig slurry, but the number of faecal coliforms was as high as 3.6 ~ 104 colony-forming units （CFU） g-1 dry digestate. The concentrations of heavy metals did not surpass the upper limits established by US Environmental Protection Agency （EPA）. After 28 d, 17% of the organic C （436 g kg-1 dry digestate） and 8% of the organic N （6.92 g kg-1 dry digestate） were mineralized. Emissions of CO2 and CH4 were not significantly affected by fertilization in the wheat-cultivated soil, but digestate significantly increased the cumulative N20 emission by 5 times compared to the urea-amended soil and 63 times compared to the uncultivated unfertilized soil. It could be concluded that digestate was nutrient rich and low in heavy metals and pathogens, and did not affect emissions of CH4 and CO2 when applied to a soil cultivated with wheat, but increased emission of N20. Key Words： biodigester, C and N mineralization potential, faecal coliform, heavy metal, pathogen, pig slurry

关键词： biodigester C and N mineralization potential faecal coliform heavy metal pathogen pig slurry

Evolution of temperature indices in the periglacial environment of the European Alps in the period 1990-2019

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Journal of mountain Science 2021年第11期18卷 2842-2853页

作者： NIGRELLI guido CHIARLE marta National Research Council Research Institute for Geo-hydrological ProtectionStrada delle Cacce73–TorinoItaly

Air temperature in the European Alps shows warming over recent decades at an average rate of 0.3℃/10 years,therebyoutpacing the global warming rate of 0.2℃/10 *** periglacial environment of the Alps is particularly important for several aspects(*** production,tourism,natural hazards,indicator of global warming).However,there is a lack of specific and updated studies relating to temperature change in this *** order to fill this gap,the recent temperature trends in the periglacial environment of the Alps were ***/maximum/minimum daily air temperatures recorded by 14 land-based meteorological stations were used,and the temperature indices for the period 1990-2019 were *** periglacial environment of the Alps showed a warming rate of 0.4℃/10 years,0.6℃/10 years and 0.8℃/10 years for the mean/maximum/minimum temperatures,*** warming rates are higher than that observed for the entire Alpine *** 2050 many glaciers of the Alps below 3000 m altitude are expected to be extinct,and all the areas previously occupied by glaciers will become *** order to manage and adapt to these changes,more in-depth climate analyses are *** is necessary for all the mountainous areas of the world,which are undergoing similar changes.

关键词： mountain climate Cryosphere Climate change Extreme temperature Air temperature trend

Cultivable Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Extremely Alkaline-Saline Soils

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Advances in microbiology 2016年第6期6卷 412-423页

作者： Yendi E. Navarro-Noya marco luna-guido Luc Dendooven CONACYT-Tlaxcala Autonomous University Tlaxcala Mexico Laboratory of Soil Ecology ABACUS-Cinvestav Mexico City Mexico

Three soils with different Electrolytic Conductivity (EC) from the former Lake Texcoco (soil with low EC 1.2 dS·m-1, medium with EC 83.1 - 107.8 dS·m-1, and high with EC 137.3 - 152.5 dS•m-1) were used to isolate nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains through enrichment cultures in nitrogen-free media. The medium and high EC in the soil affected negatively the nitrogen-fixing activity, which was generally ten times lower compared to the activity in the soil with low EC. Twenty-one bacterial strains were isolated, identified and characterized for their nitrogen fixation capacity. The diazotrophic genetic potential of all isolates was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of partial nifH and nifD genes and diazotrophic activity quantified by the acetylene reduction assay. Azospirillum brasilense, and several species of Paenibacillus (P. fujiensis, P. durus, P. borealis, P. graminis, P. massiliensis and P. wynnii) were identified. Isolates belonging to the Paenibacillus genus were found in the three soils. Paenibacillus fujiensis and P. durus showed a high nitrogenase activity. The phylograms based on nifH and nifD gene sequences were consistent with 16S rRNA gene phylogeny.

关键词： Diazotrophs Extremophyles Haloalkaline Halotolerant Paenibacillus

The formation and growth mechanisms of young back-arc spreading ridges from high-resolution bathymetry:The marsili Seamount(Tyrrhenian Sea,Italy)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 325-338页

作者： Eugenio Nicotra Salvatore Passaro guido Ventura Dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della Terra Universitàdella Calabria87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly Istituto di Scienze marine CNR 80133 NapoliItaly Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia 00143 RomaItaly Istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilitáin ambiente marino CNR 91026 Capo GranitolaTrapaniItaly

The formation and growth mechanisms of mid-Ocean Ridges(mOR)are relatively well known,whereas those of back-arc spreading ridges are comparatively less known because geophysical,geochemical,and morphological data are scarce and of low *** we present a high-resolution bathymetry of the marsili Seamount(mS;1 ma-3 ka),which represents the inflated spreading ridge of the 2 ma old marsili back-arc basin associated to the subduction of the Ionian Sea below the Calabrian Arc and Tyrrhenian *** is 70 km long,30 km wide,and its height reaches about 3000 m from surrounding *** new digital bathymetric model has a 5 m grid cell size resolution and covers the mS bathymetry from-1670 mbsl to the top at-491 *** conduct morphometric and morphological analyses of the bathymetry and recognize landforms due to volcanic,tectonic,hydrothermal and gravity *** consists of volcanoes related to fissural and central-type activity,this latter located at the northern and southern tips of the main dike *** swarms represent the surface expression of different ridge segments whose strikes are controlled by the larger scale back-arc spreading processes and by the local occurrence of an active hydrothermal *** latter develops in a flat area between two partly overlapping ridge segments where historical volcanism and extensional processes *** ridges represent the embryonic stage of the formation of transform-like *** volcanoes,the northern of which is characterized by a caldera,form at the tips of mS because the decrease in width of the major volcanic fissures promotes vent localization associated with the formation of sill-like reservoirs from which central-type vents may *** processes affecting the mS flanks are due to shallow seafloor *** collapses affecting the northernmost central-type polygenic volcano must be included in the evaluation of the hazard related to potential *** dipping faul

关键词： Back-arc spreading ridge morphology Tectonics Volcanism marsili seamount

Self-assembly of highly ordered DNA origami lattices at solid-liquid interfaces by controlling cation binding and exchange

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Nano Research 2020年第11期13卷 3142-3150页

作者： Yang Xin Salvador martinez Rivadeneira guido Grundmeier mario Castro Adrian Keller Technical and macromolecular Chemistry Paderborn UniversityPaderborn33098Germany Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos and Instituto de Investigación Tecnológica Universidad Pontificia Comillas de MadridMadrid28015Spain

The surface-assisted hierarchical self-assembly of DNA origami lattices represents a versatile and straightforward method for the organization of functional nanoscale objects such as proteins and ***,we demonstrate that controlling the binding and exchange of different monovalent and divalent cation species at the DNA-mica interface enables the self-assembly of highly ordered DNA origami lattices on mica *** development of lattice quality and order is quantified by a detailed topological analysis of high-speed atomic force microscopy(HS-AFm)*** find that lattice formation and quality strongly depend on the monovalent cation ***^(+)is more effective than Li^(+)and K^(+)in facilitating the assembly of high-quality DNA origami lattices,because it is replacing the divalent cations at their binding sites in the DNA backbone more *** regard to divalent cations,Ca^(2+)can be displaced more easily from the backbone phosphates than mg^(2+)and is thus superior in guiding lattice *** independently adjusting incubation time,DNA origami concentration,and cation species,we thus obtain a highly ordered DNA origami lattice with an unprecedented normalized correlation length of *** the correlation length,we use computer vision algorithms to compute the time course of different topological observables that,overall,demonstrate that replacing mgCl_(2) by CaCl_(2) enables the synthesis of DNA origami lattices with drastically increased lattice order.

关键词： DNA origami self-assembly lattice formation high-speed atomic force microscopy topological analysis

Getting the most Out of Every Training Day:The Influence of Instructors on Self-Regulated Learning During Firefighter Leadership Courses

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： Stefan Röseler micha Hilbert guido Hertel meinald T.Thielsch Department of Psychology University of Münster48149MünsterGermany

Leadership courses in the fire services are highly challenging,and they can seriously exhaust trainees and hamper their selfregulated learning efforts(for example,setting goals,focusing attention,seeking feedback).We theorize that experiences of failure or overload can curtail trainees'available energy resources on subsequent training days,which,in turn,should affect trainees'learning *** instructors'central role in leadership courses,we hypothesize that supportive and humble instructor behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and,thus,increase self-regulated ***,we argue that supportive instructor behavior may amplify the positive effects of high energy resources,while humble behavior may alleviate the negative impact of low resource *** tested preregistered hypotheses with 118 firefighters participating in two-week leadership courses at a German fire *** participants completed short web-based questionnaires before and after classes each *** analyses confirmed that perceived daily supportive and humble instructor behavior predicted trainees'reports of daily self-regulated learning ***,this effect was independent from positive effects of trainees'reported energy resources in the *** and humble behavior did not moderate the eff ect of energy *** findings suggest that instructors play a crucial role in facilitating effective learning under challenging training ***,we offer implications for leaders in fire services,who often conduct trainings with their subordinates.

关键词： Diary study Fire services Instructor behavior Leadership training Resource investment

Revision of the Conodont mockina slovakensis and Its Paleogeographic Implications for the Upper Triassic Intraplatform Basins of the Alps

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第3期32卷 657-666页

作者： Yixing Du Viktor Karadi guido Roghi maurizio Ponton Andrea Cozzi manuel Rigo Department of Geosciences University of Padova35131 PadovaItaly Department of Palaeontology Eotvos Lorand UniversityBudapest 1117Hungary Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources National Research Council of Italy35131 PadovaItaly Department of mathematics and Geosciences University of Trieste34128 TriesteItaly Eni Sharjah B.V 73500 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates

mockina slovakensis,thought to have evolved from Epigondolella praeslovakensis,is an important species of the Norian(Upper Triassic),generally considered as the representative of the uppermost Alaunian to upper Sevatian in the *** previous description of *** was incomplete,thus has led to some *** thus update the description of *** and discuss its comparisons and occurrence based on the new conodont investigations in Dolomia di Forni and the data from previous *** conodont assemblage in the succession of Dolomia di Forni is dominated by ***,along with rare *** and *** described two morphotypes of ***(morphotypes A and B),on the basis of shape of the lateral *** two morphotypes can also be observed in the ***,*** is usually documented as almost monospecific conodont association in intraplatform basins,thus its paleogeographic implications are also discussed.

关键词： mockina conodont morphotype intraplatform basin

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