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The role of shaded cocoa plantations in the maintenance of epiphytic orchids and their interactions with phorophytes

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 27-35页

作者： Jonas morales-Linares JoséGGarcía-Franco Alejandro Flores-Palacios Thorsten krömer Tarin Toledo-Aceves Red de Ecología Funcional Instituto de EcologíaA.C.Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351El HayaXalapa 91070VeracruzMexico Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62209MorelosMexico Present address:Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavaca 62209MorelosMéxico Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales Universidad VeracruzanaJoséMaría Morelos 44-46Zona CentroXalapa 91000VeracruzMexico

Aims Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main threats to biodiversity in tropical *** such as shaded cocoa plantations(SCP)provide refuge for tropical forest ***,it is poorly known whether the interspecific ecological interactions are also maintained in these transformed *** evaluated the diversity,reproductive status and photosynthetic metabolism(CAm or C3)of the epiphytic orchid community,and their interactions with host trees(phorophytes)in SCP compared to tropical rainforest(TRF).methods In southeastern mexico,three sites each in TRF and SCP were studied,with four 400 m2 plots established at each site to record all orchids and their *** determined the reproductive(adult)or non-reproductive(juvenile)status of each orchid individual in relation to the presence or absence,respectively,of flowers/fruits(or remnants),and assigned the photosynthetic pathway of each orchid species based in *** used true diversity and ecological networks approaches to analyze orchid diversity and orchid–phorophyte interactions,*** Findings In total,607 individuals belonging to 47 orchid species were *** diversity was higher in TRF(19 effective species)than in SCP(11 effective species)and only seven species were shared between the two *** orchid species were more frequent in SCP(53%)than in TRF(14%).At the community level the proportion of non-reproductive and reproductive orchid species and the nested structure and specialization level of the TRF orchid–phorophyte network were maintained in ***,only a subset of TRF epiphytic orchids remains in SCP,highlighting the importance of protecting *** this difference,shaded agroecosystems such as SCP can maintain some of the diversity and functions of natural forests,since the SCP epiphytic orchid community,mainly composed of CAm species,and its phorophytes constitute a nested interaction network,which would confer robustness to d

关键词： agroecosystem ecological networks mexico photosynthetic pathway tropical rainforest

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Scattering of water waves by a wave energy device consisting of a pair of co-axial cylinders in a uniform water having finite channel width

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2021年第3期6卷 276-284页

作者： P.Borah m.Hassan Department of mathematics North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and TechnologyItanagarArunachal Pradesh 791109India

We consider a device which consists of a floating structure over a cylindrical plate placed at a finite height from the impermeable ocean *** paper developes the interaction of linear water waves with such a *** whole fluid domain is divided into a number of sub-domains and boundary value problems are formulated for each identified *** channel multipoles,separation of variables and matched eigenfunction expansion methods allow us to solve boundary value problems for the diffracted velocity potentials in each *** investigate the wave forces exerted on the proposed ***,the effects of the various parameters,e.g.,drafts,radii,the gap between the cylinders and mainly channel width of the device on the wave forces exerted by the cylinders are presented *** observe a small oscillation nature near the peak value of the exciting force for the particular value of channel width w=*** peak value of the exciting forces occurs near the wavenumber kr 1=1.0 for different width of the channel *** obtained results are compared with some available results,and it shows a good agreement between the obtained and available results.

关键词： Water waves Exciting force Channel multipoles Channel width Wavenumber,2000 mSC 76B07 76B15.

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育龄妇女对避孕知识的了解状况:欧洲避孕研究组组织的德国人群调查研究结果

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 33-34页

作者： Podlinski K. Porsch B. krüssel J.S. m.W.Beckmann 张丽娟 Frauenklinik UniversittsklinikumErlan-g enUniversittsstraβe 21-2391054Erlang enGer-many Dr.

Purpose:The EGOC(European Group of Contraception)initiated an international survey o n the use of *** survey was designed to assess the knowledge about contraception of women in the r eproductive *** presents survey findings wi th regard to the following:first use of contraceptives,first s exual intercourse,first pregnancy,as well as the extent of kn owledge of the women in regard to different methods of con *** and methods:The EGOC questionnaire was translated,revised and *** survey took place between August 2000and December 2002.1330w omen were ad-mitted in the age span of *** ts:more than86%of thewomen considered themselv es to be suffi -ciently or very well informed about c ontraceptives.76%of the women named their gynaecologist as the main source of information,followed by 57%,who re ceived their infor-mation from magazines,and 48%from f *** were better able to evaluate the safe ty of well -known as compared lesser -known or new forms o f contraception:82%of the women considered oral cont raceptives safe,74%the IUD,whereas depot injection s were considered safe by only 63%of the women *** subjects were insecure and uninformed about t he safety of the morning -after *** were considered very safe by65%,whereas 10%considered the IUDs and 17%the depot injection as completely unsafe.4%of the women judged coitus interruptus as a safem ethod and 5%of the-women had used it as a method of contra ception during their first sexual *** clusion:Although the knowledge on contraceptives of the e valuated women women is generally high,there were inform ation deficits in many *** sexual education,especially regarding modern contraceptive methods,shou ld be able to fill knowledge gaps,above all in very you ng women.

关键词：避孕知识调查研究结果避孕方法避孕剂宫内避孕器避孕针口服避孕药避孕措施问卷表妇科医生

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Vibrational characteristics of piping system in air conditioning outdoor unit

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2011年第5期54卷 1154-1168页

作者： S. K. LOH W. F. FARIS m. HAmDI W. m. CHIN Department of Engineering Design & manufacture Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Department of mechanical Engineering College of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia O.Y.L. R&D Sdn Bhd Sungai Buloh Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

The modal analysis of piping system in air conditioner (AC) outdoor unit is essential to investigate the vibration properties of the system. In view of the growing significance of numerical finite element (FE) model for vibration behaviour prediction, the AC piping elastic end support characterization has been explored. The axial and radial stiffness variables (ka, kr1, kr2) of the compressor-piping mounting are obtained and represented by dynamic stiffness of compressor grommet. They are obtained from dynamic load deflection test based on compressor operating condition such as excitation frequency and amplitude. The unknown stiffness variables of the other tube end (chassis-piping mounting) are determined by parameter fine tuning. An experimental modal analysis using impact hammer test has also been employed to determine the vibration properties such as natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratio of the piping structures. The modal parameters acquisition using SCADAS mobile acquisition system and LmS Impact Testing software is compared with the corresponding simulated modal properties using Abaqus. most of the simulated natural frequencies achieve good correlation with the measured frequencies and it is reasonably a good prediction model to predict vibration behaviour of AC piping structures.

关键词： air conditioning outdoor unit piping modal analysis vibration characteristics

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COGAALL0031方案研究报告：伊马替尼改善费城染色体阳性的急性淋巴细胞性白血病儿童的早期无事故生存率

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国际输血及血液学杂志 2011年第5期34卷 372-375页

作者： Schultz kr Bowman WP Aledo A 张茹节(译) 叶铁真(审校) 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心广州510623

目的费城染色体阳性（Philadelphia chromosome—positive，Ph^＋）是急性淋巴细胞性白血病（acute lymphoblastic leukemia，ALL）的高危因素之一，甲磺酸伊马替尼作为一种靶向药物，可用于治疗Ph^＋ALL。方法Ph^＋ALL患者共157例，年... 详细信息

目的费城染色体阳性（Philadelphia chromosome—positive，Ph^＋）是急性淋巴细胞性白血病（acute lymphoblastic leukemia，ALL）的高危因素之一，甲磺酸伊马替尼作为一种靶向药物，可用于治疗Ph^＋ALL。方法Ph^＋ALL患者共157例，年龄为1～21岁，分为2组，A组（n=92）予伊马替尼340mg／（m^2·d）联合化疗和B组（n=65）仅予相同方案化疗，不予伊马替尼；A组病例又进一步分为A1、A2、A3、A4及A5组，其中A1组（n=7）间歇用药累计42d，A5组（n=50）连续用药累计280d，然后进入维持治疗；有人类白细胞抗原（human leukocyte antigen，HLA）配型相合同胞供体者，进行外周血与骨髓移植（bone marrow transplantation，BmT），此后再予伊马替尼治疗6个月；评价A组和B组患者的疗效，并比较其毒副作用。结果比较各组患者的3年无事故生存（event—free survival，EFS）率，A5组达80％±11％（95％CI，64％～90％），较历史对照病例高两倍（35％±4％；P〈0．0001）；A5组与接受BmT患者的疗效相当，分别为88％±11％（95％CI，66％～96％）和57％±22％（95％CI，30．4％～76．1％）；加用伊马替尼后化疗毒性无明显增加。A5组增加伊马替尼剂量可改善疗效，可能是由于增加剂量可降低诱导缓解治疗后较高的微小残留病（minimal residual disease，mRD）负荷。结论伊马替尼联合化疗可改善儿童及青少年Ph^＋ALL患者的3年EFS率，且毒性无明显增加。BmT联合伊马替尼并不优于单独接受BmT。为明确伊马替尼对长期EFS的影响，以及化疗联合伊马替尼可否取代BmT，尚需进一步随访。

关键词：急性淋巴细胞白血病伊马替尼费城染色体

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原发性硬化性胆管炎患者伴重度胆管狭窄的胆管镜特征

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 21-22页

作者： Tischendorf J.J.W. krü ger m. Trautwein C. P.N.meier 刘丽娜 Dept.of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHanover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Strasse 130625 HannoverGermany Dr.

Background and Study Aims:Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is associated with the development of cholangiocarcinoma in up to 10% of *** or endoscopic tissue sampling does not reliably distinguish between cholangiocarcinoma and a benign dominant bile duct *** aim of the present study was to assess the value of cholangioscopy for distinguishing between benign and malignant dominant stenoses in PSC *** and methods:Fifty-three PSC patients with dominant bile duct stenoses were prospectively *** cholangioscopy and endoscopic tissue sampling were carried out in addition to endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERC) .The cholangiography and cholangioscopic findings were classified as malignant or benign by the investigators.A final diagnosis of malignant stenosis was based on positive histology and/or cytology,whereas a benign condition was assumed in cases of negative tissue sampling and uneventful extended clinical ***:Twelve PSC patients(23%) had dominant bile duct stenoses caused by cholangiocarcinoma,whereas 41 of the 53 patients(77%) had benign dominant bile duct *** significantly superior to ERC for detecting malignancy in terms of its sensitivity(92% vs.66% ;P = 0.25) ,specificity(93% vs.51% ;P more sensitive and specific for characterizing malignant bile duct stenosis in comparison with endoscopic brush ***:Transpapillary cholangioscopy significantly increases the ability to distinguish between malignant and benign dominant bile duct stenoses in patients with PSC.

关键词：胆管狭窄胆管造影恶性狭窄肿瘤指标阴性预测值活组织检查良性状态阳性预测值无恶鉴别能力

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Hybridisation in kiwi(Apteryx;Apterygidae)requires taxonomic revision for the Great Spotted Kiwi

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 195-207页

作者： Lara D.Shepherd Alan J.D.Tennyson Hugh A.Robertson Rogan m.Colbourne kristina m.Ramstad museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Wellington 6011New Zealand Biodiversity Group Department of Conservation PO Box 10420Welling-ton 6011New Zealand Department of Biology and Geology University of South Carolina Aiken471 University ParkwayAikenSC 29801USA

Background:Kiwi(Apteryx spp.)are flightless ratites from New Zealand whose numbers and distributions have declined following human *** of the kiwi species are known to hybridise but the extent of hybridization is ***:We reviewed hybridisation in kiwi(Apteryx spp.)and present new genetic data examining the extent of hybridisation between Rowi(***)and Little Spotted Kiwi(***)at Okarito,the location of the only remaining natural population of the threatened *** also genetically examined the syntype specimens of *** Potts,1872,collected from near Okarito in the 1870s,which have unusual ***:We found evidence of recurrent hybridisation between Rowi and Little Spotted Kiwi over the last 150 years,including one F1 hybrid found in the last 15 years,despite Little Spotted Kiwi’s likely extinction on the mainland in the ***,we found little evidence of introgression of Little Spotted Kiwi alleles into the extant Rowi *** syntype specimens of *** were also found to be hybrids between Little Spotted Kiwi and ***:Our genetic analyses indicate that,although we detected multiple instances of hybridisation between Rowi and Little Spotted Kiwi,it does not appear to be an ongoing threat to *** the syntype specimens of *** are hybrids and therefore not representative of the prevailing usage of the name for the Great Spotted Kiwi(***),we resurrect the nomen oblitum *** Sclater and Hochstetter,1861 for the large spotted kiwi species.

关键词： Apteryx Apteryx haastii DNA Hybridisation Kiwi Taxonomy

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在初始应用EUS引导一步术建立入路之后进行胰腺假性囊肿或脓肿的内镜下治疗

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 28-29页

作者： krüger m. Schneider A. S. manns m. P. meier P.N. 郝筱倩(译) 郑世成(校) Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endocrinology Medizinische Hochschule Hannover CarI-Neuberg-Str. 1 D-30625 Hannover Germany 不详

Background: In this prospective case series, endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts and Abscesses was investigated following an EUS-guided 1- step procedure for initial transmural access. methods: Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts and Abscesses was performed in 35 patients (mean age, 51 years; range, 21- 81 years) by using interventional echoendoscopes (FG38UX and EG3830UT; Pentax-Hitachi, Lü bbecke, Germany). Interventions were performed by using a 1- step device consisting of a needle-wire suitable for cutting current, a 5.5F dilator, and an 8.5F plastic endoprosthesis (Giovannini Needle Wire Oasis, Cook Endoscopy,Winston-Salem, NC). Results: Endoscopic stent placement was successful in 33 of 35 patients (94% ), whereas repeated needle passages were unsuccessful in 2 cases (pancreatic pseudocystwall, 7 mm). No procedure-related complications, such as bleeding, perforation, or pneumoperitoneum, were observed. All subsequent complications, such as ineffective drainage (9% ), stent occlusion (12% ), or cyst infection (12% ), were managed endoscopically. Fourteen patients (43% ) demonstrated sustained clinical improvement and cyst resolutio upon placement of the initial 8.5F transmural drain. Ten patients (30% ) did not reveal a 50% reduction in cyst size on day 3, but cyst resolution was achieved by additional endoscopic cyst irrigation. Nine patients (27% ) with primary or secondary cyst infection underwent endoscopic balloon dilation and prolonged endoscopic drainage procedures to achieve cyst resolution. The overall resolution rate was 88% , with a recurrence rate of 12% , based on a mean follow-up period of 24 months. Conclusion: This 1- step EUS-guided technique with a needle-wire device provides safe transmural access and allows subsequent effective endoscopic management of pancreatic pseudocysts and Abscesses.

关键词：超声内镜(EUS) 胰腺假性囊肿内镜下治疗脓肿入路引导内镜下气囊扩张介入操作支架放置术相关并发症

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微量石榴石Sm-Nd等时线定年:南非林波波带高级变质岩中的应用

微量石榴石Sm-Nd等时线定年:南非林波波带高级变质岩中的应用

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2018年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者：周甜李秋立李潮峰 Alfred kr?ner 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院 Johannes Gutenberg Universitat

南非林波波带的中部带主要经历三个变质演化阶段:3.22 Ga(m1),～2.66-2.61 Ga(m2)和2.02±0.02 Ga(m3)。侵位时间～2.61 Ga的布莱岩体(Bulai Pluton)的内部和边部均存在变泥质岩块体。前人通过变质锆石年代学研究显示,岩体边部变泥质岩... 详细信息

南非林波波带的中部带主要经历三个变质演化阶段:3.22 Ga(m1),～2.66-2.61 Ga(m2)和2.02±0.02 Ga(m3)。侵位时间～2.61 Ga的布莱岩体(Bulai Pluton)的内部和边部均存在变泥质岩块体。前人通过变质锆石年代学研究显示,岩体边部变泥质岩经历m2和m3两期麻粒岩相变质作用,

关键词：高级变质岩等时线 Sm-Nd 石榴石林波波带

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On the Danger of Threats Underestimating and the Resulting Unreliable Assessment of Building Fire Safety

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2023年第8期17卷 395-405页

作者： PawełA.król Faculty of Civil Engineering Institute of Building EngineeringWarsaw University of Technology00-637 WarsawPoland

The paper gives an example showing that the utilization of prescriptive rules in some situations can lead to strong underestimation of the real risks and inadequate fire safety assessment of *** issue seems to be very important as the prescriptive rules in many European countries are the only allowed and acceptable by the authority’s method of building fire safety *** building presented in this paper is an exemplary bakery plant consisting of several premises of a different purpose and method of use,e.g.:technical facilities,production depot,distribution and storage spaces,long-term storage cool rooms,*** whole building that consists of single-story technological(production and storage)part and(located on two stories)office parts was approved as a singular fire zone with a total usable area of 6280 *** technological area includes production facilities,storage depots of raw materials,packages and finished products,as well as cold stores and a number of auxiliary function *** the second(having two stories)part of the building some social rooms,administrative areas and offices are *** total height of the building(at the highest point)does not exceed 10.5 *** to the Polish regulations the parameters determining the fire-related requirements of individual structural elements of the building(especially in terms of their fire resistance)are the surface area,the average value of the fire-load density and the presence of the risk of possible *** building was designed based on the assumption that the average fire-load density does not exceed the level of 1000 mJ/*** analysis and calculations carried out during the exploitation phase of the building confirmed the compatibility with the assumptions adopted,but the actual volume,estimated at the level of 974 mJ/m2 proved to be very close to the limit *** of the limit value of 1000 mJ/m2-due to provisions given in a state regulations-would automatically double

关键词： Fire safety assessment fire resistance prescriptive rules case study

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