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Study the Relationship between the Nicotine and Lipid Profile with Some hematology Parameters in Serum of Smoker and Non-Smoker Blood Samples

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2022年第6期10卷 20-36页

作者： hamad m. Adress hasan Taffaha A. Arhouma mona m. Abdalla khanfar mohammed. A. Azzam Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Omar Al-Mukhtar University Al Bayda Libya Chemistry Department Faculty of Arts and Science Derna University Dérna Libya

The effect of cigarette smoking on lipid profile and CBC (Complete Blood Count) of blood was investigated in this study. Spectrophotometric methods were used to estimate the amounts of nicotine, cholesterol, triglycerides, and hDL-cholesterol. The findings revealed that cigarette smokers and the duration of smoking had significantly higher levels of nicotine and cholesterol when compared to non-smokers. The data also revealed differences in the contents of hematological parameters between smokers’ and non-smokers’ blood samples, with high counts of WBC, mChC, hGB, and PLT clearly visible in the smokers’ samples. however, there was no discernible effect on RBC, mCV, or mCh counts in the trial. Smoker samples had high PLT values (243.8 ± 84.26), while non-smoker samples had lower PLT values (229.3 ± 30.07 on average).

关键词： Non-Smoker Smoker Relationship between the Nicotine and Lipid

Effect of Anterior Capsule Polishing on the Need for Laser Capsulotomy

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2017年第4期7卷 319-331页

作者： hamad Elzarrug kevin m. miller Yu Fei Shahriar Farzad Yaroslav O. Grusha Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Benghazi University Benghazi Libya Department of Ophthalmology Jules Stein Eye Institute David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA USA

Purpose: To determine the effect of anterior capsule polishing (APC) on the rate of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) as assessed by the need for laser posterior capsulotomy. Setting: University-based clinical practice, Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angles, California, USA. methods: This study involved a retrospective review of eyes that underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation between September 1991 and June 1999. Lens epithelial cells in the 763 study eyes were mechanically debrided or polished from the inside surface of the anterior capsules using a pair of Shepherd-Rentsch (morning STAAR Inc.) capsule polishers. The 484 control eyes that had surgery earlier in the series were not polished. The rate of laser capsulotomy in the ACP and the non-ACP groups was compared using a kaplan-meier survival analysis. multivariate regression was performed to determine if variables other than ACP influenced the need for laser posterior capsulotomy. Results: We identified 763 eyes that had ACP and 484 that did not. At the 24-month follow-up interval, 26.6% of the eyes in the ACP group had received a capsulotomy versus 19.50% in the non-APC. Next, a separate study was done using only one eye per patient, taking the patient as the unit of analysis. Again the capsulotomy rate was higher in the ACP group compared to the non-ACP (1.02 per 100 person-months of follow-up vs. 0.74 per 100 person-months of follow-up). Finally, a third kaplan-meier analysis was done on 52 patients that had one eye treated with the ACP procedure and the other eye with the non-ACP procedure. Although the log-rank test showed the statistical significant of this analysis to be borderline, the results again favored the non-ACP group with a lower capsulotomy rate. multivariate analysis showed very similar results to the above univariate studies. The mean time to capsulotomy was 46 months for the polished group and 70 months for the unpolished group. The severity of cataract (p = 0.4

关键词： Anterior Capsule Polishing Posterior Capsule Opacification Laser Posterior Capsulotomy

Ameliorative Effect of Shade on Seedling Growth—Evidence from Field Experiment of Vachellia farnesiana(L.) Willd

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 12-23页

作者： Nurul Iman Suansa hamad A. Al-mefarrej Plant Production Department College of Food and Agriculture Sciences King Saud University Riyadh KSA

The presence of species diversity in the ecosystem is an important aspect. Simply put, the loss of biodiversity and the formation of ecosystems into monocultures would reduce the productivity of the forest ecosystem than it has abundant diversity. This study conducted with a purpose to get the basic information regarding the effect of shade on the seedling growth. Understanding these relationships in the early years may reveal the important information, which will be helpful for managing and evaluating the silviculture practices. The study was conducted at Dirab Experiments and Agricultural Research Station, South of Riyadh. The experimental plot was managed under the corridor of Eucalyptus camaldulensis stands. Twenty seedlings of Vachellia farnesiana with relative similar height and diameter were planted in each block at a 5 × 5 m2 spacing in march 2017. Three different treatments were established and relatively categorized into Line 1 (without shade), Line 2 (shade until 09:00 a.m.), and Line 3 (shade until 11:00 a.m.). Eight months after planting, several morphological parameters were monthly assessed from November 2017 until April 2018. Also, the number of fruits was observed following the fruit’s season. Seedling growth variation as an effect of shading occurred between the lines of planting in this experiment. The seedling growth was significantly increased by shading treatment, even though target plant species (V. farnesiana) is categorized as intolerant species. Basically, shade helps to generate the favorable local environment for supporting plant growth. This treatment with an appropriate consideration might become an alternative practice for increasing plant productivity.

关键词： Vachellia farnesiana Underplanting Shade Tolerance Ameliorative Effect

modeling the Impact of Land-Use Change on Water Budget of Gaza Strip

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2012年第6期4卷 325-333页

作者： Jehad T. hamad Tamer A. Eshtawi Almotasembellah m. Abushaban mohammed O. habboub Civil Engineering Department Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestinian Territory Engineering Science Department University College of Applied Science Gaza Palestinian Territory

Gaza has a water crisis and faces serious challenges for the future sustainability of its water resources. Land-use change has an expected effect on water budget of the Gaza Strip. Three different land cover scenarios;the and cover of 2007, land cover of 2020, and full urbanization land cover were simulated independently using The Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool which work under the umbrella of GIS. In general, the simulation results indicate that land-cover changes will significantly alter the hydrologic response of Gaza region. Percolation is expected to decrease in all options as urban areas are expanded where as the simulated surface runoff reflected a relative departure from the first scenario comparing with other scenarios. In the baseline scenario (2007), the simulated surface runoff and percolation represent 12% and 41% respectively from the water budget components of the Gaza Strip. In year 2020, these values were expected by the simulation results to be 20% and 27% respectively. A unique linear relationship between the relative change in urban area and the corresponding relative change in surface water has been investigated from the simulation results. The analysis of the three urbanization scenarios can give decision makers better understand for the future situation and assist them to advance towards achieving sustainable development planning for water resources system in the Gaza Strip.

关键词： Land-Use Change Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Water Budget hydrologic modeling Gaza Strip Water Crisis

Characterization and Optimization of Bacteriocin from Lactobacillus plantarumIsolated from Fermented Beef (Shermout)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2017年第3期7卷 83-97页

作者： mona E. Elyass m. T. Shigidi Idress hamad Attitalla Ahmed A. mahdi Commission for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering National Center for Research Khartoum Sudan Department of microbiology Faculty of Science Omar Mukhtar University El Beida Libya Department of microbiology Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan

many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from “Shermout”, a popular Sudanese fermented beef product intended for long storage. An isolate that demonstrated significant antibacterial activity was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum Pm4 based on phenotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics and carbohydrate utilization patterns. The inhibitory activity of the partially purified bacteriocin was completely arrested by the proteolytic enzymes proteinase-k and pepsin but not by α-amylase, asserting its proteinaceous nature. The activity was not due to h2O2 as similar inhibition was obtained by cell-free supernatant (CFS) produced under anaerobic conditions. The bacteriocin showed a molecular weight in the range of 3 - 5 kDa and had a bactericidal mode of action. No significant reduction in activity was observed on heating to 60℃ for 60 min, but activity was lost on heating to 100℃ or autoclaving. highest inhibitory activity was at ph 5.5 and there was appreciable reduction in activity at ph 3, 7 or 9. There was no drop in activity at –80℃ or –20℃ up to four weeks of storage. however, at 4℃ and 35℃, a gradual decline in activity was observed. Lb. plantarum Pm4 exhibited bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris. Bacteriocin production generally coincided with the phase of maximum growth and the best combination for maximum production of inhibitory activity was at ph 5.5 for 48 h whether incubated at 25℃, 30℃ or 37℃. Lb. plantarum Pm4 showed promise as a starter culture in the fermentation of preserved meat products.

关键词： Lactobacillus plantarum Bacteriocin Fermented Beef

Determination of A.C. Conductivity of Nano-Composite Perovskite Ba(1- x - y)Sr(x)TiFe(y)O3Prepared by the Sol-Gel Technique

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2012年第1期2卷 1-11页

作者： m. Willander O. Nur m. Q. Israr A. B. Abou hamad F. G. El Desouky m. A. Salem I. k. Battisha 不详

Nano-composite, perovskite Ba(1- x - y)Sr(x)TiFe(y)O3, denoted as (BSTFe) in powder form was derived via sol-gel (SG) method followed by sintering at fixed temperature 750℃ for one hour. The chemical composition, morphology and structure of the powder samples were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEm) and scanning electron microscope (SEm). The XRD characterization indicates formation of a cubic crystalline phase in the pure BST. A well defined perovskite phase with nano-crystallite sizes equal to about 34 nm was achieved from XRD for B10ST3F sample, while TEm study confirmed the obtained XRD results giving the following crystallite size value about 33.75 nm for the same sample. The dielectric A.C. conductivity was evaluated as a function of temperature and frequency ranging from 42 hz up to 1 mhz.

关键词： Sol-Gel Dielectric Permittivity A.C. Conductivity Nano-Composite BaSrTiO3 (BST) TEm XRD and SEm

A Lumped-Parameter model for Nonlinear Waves in Graphene

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015年第2期3卷 57-69页

作者： hamad hazim Dongming Wei mohamed Elgindi Yeran Soukiassian Texas A & m University at Qatar Doha Qatar Texas A & m University-Qatar Doha Qatar Nazarbayev University Astana Kazakhstan

A lumped-parameter nonlinear spring-mass model which takes into account the third-order elastic stiffness constant is considered for modeling the free and forced axial vibrations of a graphene sheet with one fixed end and one free end with a mass attached. It is demonstrated through this simple model that, in free vibration, within certain initial energy level and depending upon its length and the nonlinear elastic constants, that there exist bounded periodic solutions which are non-sinusoidal, and that for each fixed energy level, there is a bifurcation point depending upon material constants, beyond which the periodic solutions disappear. The amplitude, frequency, and the corresponding wave solutions for both free and forced harmonic vibrations are calculated analytically and numerically. Energy sweep is also performed for resonance applications.

关键词： Graphene Resonance Nonlinear Vibration Phase Diagram Frequency Sweep

Transverse Impact Response Analysis of Graphene Panels: Impact Limits

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Open Journal of Composite materials 2019年第2期9卷 124-144页

作者： muhammed Burak Sonmez hessam Ghasemnejad hamad kamran Philip Webb Centre for Structures Assembly and Intelligent Automation Cranfield University Cranfield UK

Explicit numerical studies were conducted to determine the transverse impact response of graphene panels. Although the mechanical properties of graphene are well documented in both quasi-static and dynamic conditions via nano- and microscopic studies, the impact behaviour of the material at the macroscale has not yet been studied and would provide interesting and crucial insight in to the performance of the material on a more widely recognizable scale. Firstly, a numerical impact model was validated against an analytical impact model based on continuum mechanics which showed good correlation between contact-force histories. The performance of graphene panels subjected to impact was compared to the performance of panels composed of aerospace-grade aluminium and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite. The graphene panel was found to exhibit lower specific energy than aluminium and CFRP at the low-energy range due to its inherently superior stiffness and intrinsic strength. On the other hand, the ballistic limit of 3 mm thick graphene panels was found to be 3375 m/s, resulting in an impact resistance 100 times greater than for aluminium or CFRP, making graphene the most suitable material for high-velocity impact protection.

关键词： Graphene Ballistic Impact CFRP

Insulin resistance in diabetes: The promise of using induced pluripotent stem cell technology

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第3期13卷 221-235页

作者： Ahmed k Elsayed Selvaraj Vimalraj manjula Nandakumar Essam m Abdelalim Diabetes Research Center Qatar Biomedical Research InstituteHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityQatar FoundationDoha 34110Qatar Centre for Biotechnology Anna UniversityChennai 600025India College of health and Life Sciences Hamad Bin Khalifa UniversityQatar FoundationDoha 34110Qatar

Insulin resistance(IR)is associated with several metabolic disorders,including type 2 diabetes(T2D).The development of IR in insulin target tissues involves genetic and acquired *** at genetic risk for T2D tend to develop IR several years before glucose *** rodent models for both IR and T2D are being used to study the disease pathogenesis;however,these models cannot recapitulate all the aspects of this complex disorder as seen in each *** pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)can overcome the hurdles faced with the classical mouse models for studying *** induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)can be generated from the somatic cells of the patients without the need to destroy a human ***,patient-specific hiPSCs can generate cells genetically identical to IR individuals,which can help in distinguishing between genetic and acquired defects in insulin *** the technologies of genome editing and hiPSCs may provide important information about the genetic factors underlying the development of different forms of *** studies are required to fill the gaps in understanding the pathogenesis of IR and *** this review,we summarize the factors involved in the development of IR in the insulin-target tissues leading to ***,we highlight the use of hPSCs to understand the mechanisms underlying the development of IR.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Insulin target tissues human pluripotent stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Genetic factors Disease modeling