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Nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： S.N.Pleskova E.V.Lazarenko N.A.Bezrukov R.N.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov m.E.Dokukin S.i.Surodin Research Laboratory of Scanning Probe microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Sarov Physics and Technology institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

in addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFm detection *** results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferences of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： Nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy metabolism

Exploring the impact of tacrolimus on kidney transplant recipients:insights into immunological outcomes

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第8期33卷 737-750页

作者： Zainab A Abbood Ahmed Hamza AL-Shammari Eman m.Jasim Amjad i.Oraibi Department of Pharmacy Kut University CollegeAlkutWasitIraq52001 AL-manara College For medical Science/Department of Pharmacy MisanIraq62001

To minimize graft rejection,it is crucial to reduce *** the present study,we investigated immunological markers in the blood of transplant patients who did not receive *** also assessed alloreactive CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs both before transplantation and after tacrolimus *** comparative analysis included 50 individuals experiencing early rejection after tacrolimus discontinuation and 100 *** reducing tacrolimus,rejectors exhibited elevated levels of memory CD8+T cells compared to Tregs,while non-rejectors displayed a lower ratio of memory CD4+T cells to *** tacrolimus removal,rejectors showed an increase in naïve T cells and a decrease in effector T *** transplantation,CD4+Treg levels declined,but their anti-donor regulatory function remained consistent in both rejectors and *** correlation revealed an association between acute rejection after tacrolimus discontinuation and the pre-reduction ratio of memory T cells to regulatory T *** indicators identified individuals whose immunosuppression could be safely reduced.

关键词： Tacrolimus Kidney Transplant immune system Rejection

Experimental test of a building thermal system for preventive maintenance based on thermoeconomic analysis

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Energy Storage and Saving 2024年第1期3卷 42-51页

作者： i.Prol-Godoy A.Picallo-Perez J.m.Sala-Lizarraga J.Rey-martínez Research group ENEDi Department of Thermal EngineeringUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Bilbao48013Spain Research Group Termotecnia University of ValladolidValladolid47002Spain

An analysis of the sectorial structure of energy consumption shows that residential and tertiary sector buildings are the third-highest consumers,responsible for 29.5%of a city’s final energy *** Building Quality Control Laboratory of the Basque Government aims to promote quality,innovation,and sustainability in *** accomplish this goal,it has constructed an experimental facility with different energy generation technologies and a very versatile control system for testing different energy systems and operation *** this study,we tested a facility for supplying domestic hot water and heating for a multi-family house by means of a condensing boiler and an aerothermal heat pump(together with the corresponding control).This installation could reproduce the thermal demands required to be satisfied by the generation equipment through a programmed operation of the installation based on real ***,this installation was analyzed using thermoeconomics(TE)to solve problems unable to be solved using traditional energy analyses based on the First Law of *** problems include:(1)Determining the costs of the products of the installation based on physical criteria,(2)detecting the places where losses actually occur,evaluating their costs,and proposing cost-effective improvements,and(3)diagnosing issues in the *** a result,this paper suggests a solution to the preventive maintenance problems confronting the technical maintenance personnel for thermal installations in buildings by applying TE knowledge and using real data collected from sensors.

关键词： Experimental essay Energy savings in thermal systems Thermoeconomics Thermoeconomic costs Diagnosis

Post processing of additive manufactured mg alloys:Current status,challenges,and opportunities

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1283-1310页

作者： Nooruddin Ansari Fatima Ghassan Alabtah mohammad i.Albakri marwan Khraisheh mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at QatarP.O.Box 23874DohaQatar

magnesium(mg)and its alloys are emerging as a structural material for the aerospace,automobile,and electronics industries,driven by the imperative of weight *** are also drawing notable attention in the medical industries owing to their biodegradability and a lower elastic modulus comparable to *** ability to manufacture near-net shape products featuring intricate geometries has sparked huge interest in additive manufacturing(Am)of mg alloys,reflecting a transformation in the manufacturing ***,Am of mg alloys presents more formidable challenges due to inherent properties,particularly susceptibility to oxidation,gas trapping,high thermal expansion coefficient,and low solidification *** leads to defects such as porosity,lack of fusion,cracking,delamination,residual stresses,and inhomogeneity,ultimately influencing the mechanical,corrosion,and surface properties of Am mg *** address these issues,post-processing of Am mg alloys are often needed to make them suitable for *** present article reviews all post-processing techniques adapted for Am mg alloys to date,including heat treatment,hot isostatic pressing,friction stir processing,and surface *** utilization of these methods within the hybrid Am process,employing interlayer post-processing,is also *** post-processing conditions are reported,and their influence on the microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties are ***,future prospects and research directions are proposed.

关键词： magnesium alloy Additive manufacturing Post-processing Heat treatment HiP

influence of cerium ions on structure-dependent magnetic properties of Ba-Sr m-type hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram A.Pawar Sunil m.Patange P.m.Dighe Sher Singh meena Abdullah GAl-Sehemi mehboobali Pannipara Santosh S.Jadhav Department of Physics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia Department of Physics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia Solid State Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia Department of Chemistry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The present study is a systematic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive magnetic parameters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chemically formulated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite powders were prepared using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared *** creation of the m-type hexaferrite phase within the synthesized samples was revealed from the Rietveld refinement of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary phase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to compute the lattice parameters,X-ray density,and lattice parameter *** crystal structure plotted from the refined XRD data reveals the occupancy of the ions at different lattice *** XPS data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTiR spectra confirms that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accommodated in the lattice and the remaining Ce content reside in the form of the CeO_(2) *** morphology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from the FESEm profiles of the ferrite *** magnetic behavior study was performed by analyzing the Curie temperature,hysteresis loops,and hyperfine interactions by means of susceptibility,V.S.m,and mossbauer spectroscopy,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation magnetization,and decreasing Curie temperature are reported in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice imperfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned magnetic parameters suitable for different applications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution XPS Saturation magnetization Coercivity m?ssbauer spectroscopy

Polariton lasing in mie-resonant perovskite nanocavity

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 27-42页

作者： mikhail A.masharin Daria Khmelevskaia Valeriy i.Kondratiev Daria i.markina Anton D.Utyushev Dmitriy m.Dolgintsev Alexey D.Dmitriev Vanik A.Shahnazaryan Anatoly P.Pushkarev Furkan isik ivan V.iorsh ivan A.Shelykh Hilmi V.Demir Anton K.Samusev Sergey V.makarov UNAm-institute of materials Science and Nanotechnology National Nanotechnology Research CenterDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringDepartment of PhysicsBilkent UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey iTmO University School of Physics and EngineeringSt.Petersburg 197101Russia Abrikosov Center for Theoretical Physics MIPTDolgoprudnyiMoscow Region 141701Russia LUmiNOUS!Center of Excellence for Semiconductor Lighting and Displays School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntario K7L 3N6Canada Science institute University of IcelandDunhagi 3IS-107ReykjavikIceland Experimentelle Physik 2 Technische Universität DortmundDortmund 44227Germany Qingdao innovation and Development Center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao 266000China

Deeply subwavelength lasers(or nanolasers)are highly demanded for compact on-chip bioimaging and sensing at the *** of the main obstacles for the development of single-particle nanolasers with all three dimensions shorter than the emitting wavelength in the visible range is the high lasing thresholds and the resulting *** we ex-ploit exciton-polariton condensation and mirror-image mie modes in a cuboid CsPbBr3 nanoparticle to achieve coherent emission at the visible wavelength of around 0.53μm from its ultra-small(≈0.007μm3 or≈λ3/20)semiconductor *** polaritonic nature of the emission from the nanocavity localized in all three dimensions is proven by direct com-parison with corresponding one-dimensional and two-dimensional waveguiding systems with similar material *** a deeply subwavelength nanolaser is enabled not only by the high values for exciton binding energy(≈35 meV),re-fractive index(>2.5 at low temperature),and luminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3,but also by the optimization of po-laritons condensation on the mie resonances with quality factors improved by the metallic ***,the key parameters for optimal lasing conditions are intermode free spectral range and phonons spectrum in CsPbBr3,which govern polaritons condensation *** chemically synthesized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanolasers can be potentially de-posited on arbitrary surfaces,which makes them a versatile tool for integration with various on-chip systems.

关键词： nanolaser perovskite polariton mie resonance exciton-polariton

A Statistical Study of magnetic Flux Emergence in Solar Active Regions Prior to Strongest Flares

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 147-160页

作者： Alexander S.Kutsenko Valentina i.Abramenko Andrei A.Plotnikov Crimean Astrophysical Observatory p/o NauchnyCrimea298409Russia

Using the data on magnetic field maps and continuum intensity for Solar Cycles 23 and 24,we explored 100 active regions(ARs)that produced m5.0 or stronger *** focus on the presence/absence of the emergence of magnetic flux in these ARs 2-3 days before the strong flare *** found that 29 ARs in the sample emerged monotonically amidst quiet-Sun.A major emergence of a new magnetic flux within a pre-existing AR yielding the formation of a complex flare-productive configuration was observed in another 24 *** 30 ARs,an insignificant(in terms of the total magnetic flux of pre-existing AR)emergence of a new magnetic flux within the pre-existing magnetic configuration was observed;for some of them the emergence resulted in a formation of a configuration with a small δ-sunspot;11 out of 100 ARs exhibited no signatures of magnetic flux emergence during the entire interval of *** six cases the emergence was in progress when the AR appeared on the Eastern limb,so that the classification and timing of emergence were not *** conclude that the recent flux emergence is not a necessary and/or sufficient condition for strong flaring of an *** flux emergence rate of flare-productive ARs analyzed here was compared with that of flare-quiet ARs analyzed in our previous *** revealed that the flare-productive ARs tend to display faster emergence than the flare-quiet ones do.

关键词： Sun:activity Sun:flares Sun:magnetic fields

Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： m.A.Y.Fernando N.S.madarasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.C.U.D.Weligamage J.i.Abeynayake Department of medical microbiology and immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka medical Research institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to may,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to may,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(iTD/VDPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VDPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VDPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi i.Daudu Donald F.Becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA Bioinnovation institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations