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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.scisciò J.A.Pérez-hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.huault h.Larreur d.singappuli d.molloy d.Raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata s.Palmerini T.Carriere m.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.margarone L.Giuffrida d.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe d.Giulietti s.Agarwal m.Krupka s.singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance hB11 Energy holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia school of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETsIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid h.A.L-hashem salah O.Bashir Amal F.dawood moutasem s.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz m.Al-Garni m.ham.d d.morsy department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia department of Basic medical sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia department of medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the morris Water maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.s.mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha L.m.Pérez Emad h.Aly I.Pop department of studies in mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile department of mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt department of mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in h_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/h_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/h_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： s.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Giménez-Rubio d.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.martínez-huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro d.sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CsIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CsIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain synchrotron sOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRdE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a h-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m KhCO_(3), while h_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RhE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RhE with a h_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRdE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)on the smILE mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： s.sembay A.L.Alme d.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega h.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo h-P.Gröbelbauer m.Guedel Y.Guo m.hailey d.hall R.hampson J.hasiba O.hetherington A.holland s-Y.hsieh m.W.J.hubbard h.Jeszenszky m.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-mehrin s.Kögl s.Krucker K.d.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.martindale J.miguel mas hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard h.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani s.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.s.Porter T.Pouliantis B.h.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.m.Read N.m.m.Roque m.E.Rostad C.Runciman s.sachdev A.samsonov m.soman d.sibeck s.smit J.søndergaard R.speight s.stavland m.steller TianRan sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh d.Walton C.Wang s.Yang school of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK mullard space science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for space science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain EsTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands state Key Laboratory of space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied sciences and Arts Northwestern switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl space Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland space Acoustics Gmbh CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway sTm Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NAsA/Goddard space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The soft X-ray Imager(sXI)is part of the scientific payload of the solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(smILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European space Agency(EsA)and the Chinese Academy of sciences(CAs)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the smILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the solar Wind Charge eXchange(sWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the sXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of smILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United states.

关键词： soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCd

Further investigation on the fusion of ^(6)Li with ^(209)Bi target at near-barrier energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 106-117页

作者：张高龙焦振威张广鑫 m.R.Cortes 胡世鹏钱建强 d.mengoni 屈卫卫李聪博郑云张焕乔孙慧斌王楠张春雷 J.J.Valiente-dobón d.Testov m.mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo d.Pierroutsakou m.La Commara A.Goasduff d.Bazzacco d.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana s.Bakes I.Zanon s.Aydin G.de Angelis m.siciliano R.menegazzo s.m.Lenzi J.L.Ferreira J.Rangel serkan Akkoyun L.F.Canto J.Lubian school of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute for Advanced study in Nuclear Energy&safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and manufacture of high Purity Germanium materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPadovaItaly dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell'Universita di padova PadovaItaly state Key Laboratory of Radiation medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and material modification of ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China INFN Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroI-35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di NapoliI-80126 NapoliItaly dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli"Federico II"I-80131 NapoliItaly department of Natural and mathematical sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkiye Physics division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont-ILUSA departamento de matemaética Física e Computaç˜ao Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Tecnologia27537-000ResendeRio de JaneiroBrazil department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCP 6852821941-972Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for ^(6)Li+^(209)Bi were measured using the in-beamγ-ray method around the Coulomb *** cross sections of(deuteron captured)incomplete fusion(ICF)products were re-quantified experimentally for this reaction *** results reveal that the ICF cross section is equivalent to that of complete fusion(CF)above the Coulomb barrier and dominant near or below the Coulomb barrier.A theoretical calculation based on the continuum discretized coupled channel(CdCC)method was performed for the aforementioned CF and ICF cross sections;the result is consistent with the *** universal fusion function(UFF)was also compared with the measured CF cross section for different barrier parameters,demonstrating that the CF suppression factor is significantly influenced by the choice of potential,which can reflect both dynamic and static effects of breakup on the fusion process.

关键词： cross section incomplete fusion suppression factor weakly bound nuclei

superplasticity of fine-grained mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： h.T.Jeong s.W.Lee W.J.Kim department of materials science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the hCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 *** microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed *** best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were *** the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 ***,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and *** the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation *** was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to *** the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain *** mechanism maps were constructed forβ-mg-Li alloys in the form of 2d and 3d formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

highly toxic Aβ begets more Aβ

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1871-1872页

作者： merc m.Kemeh Noel d.Lazo Gustaf h.Carlson school of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clark UniversityWorcesterMAUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)is the most common form of dementia-the 7th leading cause of death *** the tissue level,Ad is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques that are comprised primarily of the amyloid-βpeptide(Aβ),and by intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles composed of *** genetics of early-onset Ad and longitudinal brain-imaging studies of late-onset Ad indicate that extracellular Aβdeposition,in general,precedes neurofibrillary tangle formation in neurons(hampel et al.,2021;Young-Pearse et al.,2023).

关键词： Aβ tau Alzheimer death

dFT investigation of half-metallic ferromagnetic rare earth based spinels mgho_(2)Z_(4)(Z=s,se)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： maiza Zanib mumtaz manzoor N.A.Noor m.Waqas Iqbal mazia Asghar h.h.hegazy A.Laref department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan Research Centre for Advanced materials science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

half-metallic ferromagnetism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric properties for rare earth-based spinels mgho_(2)Z_(4)(Z=s,se)were investigated using density functional theory(dFT).structural optimization was done with Perdew-Burke-Ehrenzorf(PBE)sol-generalized gradient approximation(GGA)to calculate the lattice constant of both spinels comparable to experimental *** addition,Born stability criteria and negative formation energy show that our studied spinels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromagnetic(Fm)state stability,we also calculated the energy differences among Fm,antiferromagnetic(AFm),and non-magnetic(Nm)***,Curie temperatures of ferromagnetic phases were also *** used Trans-Blaha improved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)potential functional for electronics as well as magnetic characteristics,which lead to the consistent explanation of half-metallic ferromagnetism,representing the whole band-occupancy in material with exact detail of density of states(dOs).The stable Fm state was examined in spinels due to the exchange splitting of ho cation consisting of p-d hybridizations compatible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,spin magnetic moment was explained in terms of anion,cation,and sharing charge on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric properties clearly show that operation range of these systems may be utilized by future experimental works for identifying the potential applications of these systems.

关键词： ho-based spinels dFT simulations mechanical parameters Electronic properties hm ferromagnetism Figure of merit