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Role of quantum paths in generation of attosecond pulses

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第10期29卷 276-281页

作者： m R Sami A shahbaz Department of Physics Government College UniversityP.O.Box 54000 LahorePakistan

We investigate the role of core potential in high ionization potential systems on high harmonic generation (HHG) spectra and obtain attosecond pulses. In our scheme, we use a standard soft core potential to model high ionization potential systems and irradiated these systems with fixed laser parameters. We observe the role of these systems on all the three steps involved in HHG process including ionization, propagation and recombination. In our study, the results illustrate that for high ionization potential systems, the HHG process is more sensitive to the ionization probability compared to the recombination amplitude. We also observe that due to the stronger core potential, small oscillations of the electrons during the propagation do not contribute to the HHG spectrum, which implies the dominance of only long quantum paths in the HHG spectrum. Our results, for attosecond pulse generation, show that long quantum path electrons are responsible for the supercontinuum region near the cutoff, which is suitable for the extraction of a single attosecond pulse in this region.

关键词： high-order harmonic generation attosecond pulses quantum paths strong nuclear potential

Intraspecific Variations of Phosphorus Absorption and Remobilization, P Forms, and Their Internal Buffering in Brassica Cultivars Exposed to a P-Stressed Environment

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第6期50卷 703-716页

作者： m. shahbaz Akhtar Yoko Oki Tadashi adachi Department of Environmental management Engineering Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Graduate School of Environmental Science Okayama University CadGK and Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

Translocation of absorbed phosphorus （P） from metabolically inactive sites to active sites in plants growing under P deprivation may increase its P utilization efficiency （PUE）. Acclimation to phosphate （Pi） starvation may be caused by a differential storage pool of vacuolar P, its release, and the intensity of re-translocation of absorbed P as P starvation inducible environmental cues （PSlEC） from ambient environment. Biomass assay and three P forms, namely inorganic （Pi）, organic （Po）, and acid-soluble total （Ptas） were estimated in Brassica cultivars exposed to 10 d P deprivation in the culture media. Considering that -aPi/at denotes the rate of Pi release, Pi release velocity （RSPi） was determined as the tangent to the equations obtained for Pi f（t） at the mean point in the period of greatest Pi decrease, whereas the inverse of the RSPi was an estimate of the internal Pi buffering capacity （IBCPi）. Inter cultivar variations in size of the non-metabolic Pi pool, RSPi, re-translocation of Pi from less to more active metabolic sites, and preferential Pi source and sink compartments were evaluated under P starvation. The cultivar ＇Brown Raya＇ showed the highest Pi storage ability under adequate external P supply, and a more intensive release than ＇Rain Bow＇ and ＇Dunkled＇ under P stress. Cultivar ＇B.S.A＇ was inferior to ＇Con-l＇ in its ability to store and use Pi. Roots and upper leaves were the main sink of Pi stored in the lower and middle leaves of all cultivars and showed lower IBCPi and larger RSPi values than lower and middle leaves. In another trial, six cultivars were exposed to P-free nutrition for 29 d after initial feeding on optimum nutrition for 15 d. With variable magnitude, all of the cultivars re-translocatad P from the above ground parts to their roots under P starvation, and [P] at 44 d after transplanting was higher in developing leaves compared with developed leaves. Under P deprivation, translocation of absorbed P from metabolically inactive to ac

关键词： Brassica internal Pi buffering capacity P absorption and remobilization Pi homeostasis Pi release velocity vacuolar P

Clogging mechanisms and preventive measures in artificial recharge systems

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2021年第3期9卷 181-201页

作者： m shahbaz Akhtar Yoshitaka Nakashima makoto Nishigaki Department of Environmental Sciences Forman Christian College(A Chartered University)LahorePakistan. Department of Environmental management Engineering Graduate School of Environmental&Life ScienceOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan. Geo Environmental Evaluation Lab Department of Sound Material Cycle ScienceGraduate School of Environmental&Life ScienceOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan. Integration model of Physical Properties Technology Research Association OkayamaJapan.

The study aims to identify a suitable site for open and bore well in a farmhouseusing ground magnetic survey in south *** also aims to define depth to granitoid and structural elements which traverse the selected *** data(n=84)measured,processed and interpreted as qualitative and *** results of total magnetic intensities indicate that the area is composed of linear magnetic lows trending NE-SW direction and circular to semi-circular causative *** magnetic values ranged from-137 nT to 2345 nT with a mean of 465 *** to equator shows significant shifting of causative bodies in the southern and northern *** signal map shows exact boundary of granitic *** directional filter has brought out structural element trending NE-SW *** of individual profile brought to light structurally weak zone between 90 m and 100 m in all the profile *** decrease of magnetic values from 2042 nT to 126 nT noticed in profile line 6 between 20 m and 30 m indicates fault *** breaks obtained from these maps were visualized,interpreted and identified two suitable sites for open and bore *** averaged power spectrum estimates depth of shallow and deep sources in 5 m and 50 m,*** method has also been applied to estimate depth of granitoid and structural elements using structural indexes 0,1,2,and 3 and found depth ranges fromm to>90 *** indicates magnetic method is one of the geophysical methods suitable for groundwater exploration and site selection for open and borewells.

关键词： Artificial recharge Clogging mechanisms Groundwater Prevention Redevelopment

Influence of Filler on the microstructure, mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses in TIG Weldments of Dissimilar Titanium Alloys

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第10期34卷 1395-1406页

作者： massab Junaid Fahd Nawaz Khan Tauheed shahbaz Haris saleem Julfikar Haider Faculty of mechanical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopi 23640Pakistan Faculty of materials and Chemical Engineering Department of Materials ScienceGhulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopi 23640Pakistan advanced materials and Surface Engineering(AmSE)Research Centre Manchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetManchester M15GDUK

The influence of titanium alloy(Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn) and commercially pure titanium(cp Ti) as fillers on dissimilar pulsed tungsten inert gas weldments of Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn/cp Ti was investigated in terms of microstructure, mechanical/nano-mechanical properties, and residual stresses. A partial martensitic transformation was observed in the weldments for all the welding conditions due to high heat input. The microstructure evolved in the FZ/cp Ti interfacial region was observed to be the most sensitive to the proportion of α stabilizer in the filler alloy. Furthermore, the addition of filler alloy improved the tensile properties and nano-mechanical response of the weld joint owing to the increased volume of metal in the weld joint. As compared to the Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn wire, the use of cp Ti filler wire proved to be better in terms of energy absorbed during tensile and impact tests, tensile strength and ductility of the dissimilar welds. An asymmetrical residual stresses profile was observed close to the weld centerline, with high compressive stresses on the Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn side for both the weldments obtained with and without filler wires. This was attributed to mainly the low thermal conductivity of Ti–5 Al–2.5 Sn. The presence of residual stresses also influenced the nano-hardness profile across the weldments.

关键词： Titanium alloys Dissimilar welding Nano-indentation Residual stresses Tungsten inert gas(TIG)welding microstructure

Prediction of the SARS-CoV-2 Derived T-Cell Epitopes’Response Against COVID Variants

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3517-3535页

作者： Hassam Tahir m.ham.ad shahbaz Khan Fawad Ahmed Abdullah m.Albarrak Sultan Noman Qasem Jawad Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Cyber Security Pakistan Navy Engineering CollegeNUSTKarachi75350Pakistan Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityEdinburghEH105DTU.K

TheCOVID-19 outbreak began in December 2019 andwas declared a global health emergency by the World Health *** four most dominating variants are Beta,Gamma,Delta,and *** the administration of vaccine doses,an eminent decline in new cases has been *** COVID-19 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and T-cells in our ***,strong variants likeDelta and Omicron tend to escape these neutralizing antibodies elicited by COVID-19 ***,it is indispensable to study,analyze and most importantly,predict the response of SARS-CoV-2-derived t-cell epitopes against Covid variants in vaccinated and unvaccinated *** this regard,machine learning can be effectively utilized for predicting the response of COVID-derived t-cell *** this study,prediction of T-cells Epitopes’response was conducted for vaccinated and unvaccinated people for Beta,Gamma,Delta,and Omicron *** dataset was divided into two classes,i.e.,vaccinated and unvaccinated,and the predicted response of T-cell Epitopes was divided into three categories,i.e.,Strong,Impaired,and *** the aforementioned prediction purposes,a self-proposed Bayesian neural network has been designed by combining variational inference and flow normalization ***,the Hidden markov model has also been trained on the same dataset to compare the results of the self-proposed Bayesian neural network with this state-of-the-art statistical *** experimentation and results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed network in terms of accurate prediction and reduced error.

关键词： Omicron COVID-19 hidden markov model Bayesian neural network

Effect of plant nutrition on aphid size, prey consumption, and life history characteristics of green lacewing

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 74-82页

作者： m.ham.ad A. Aqueel Catherine m. Collins Abu-bakar m. Raza shahbaz Ahmad m.ham.ad Tariq Simon R. Leather Division of Ecology & Evolution Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY United Kingdom Department of Entomology University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the Punjab Punjab Department of Entomology PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan

Plant quality can directly and indirectly affect the third trophic level. The predation by all the instars of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea （S.）（Neuroptera： Chrysopidae） on the cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi （L.）, and Sitobion avenae （F.） at varying nitrogen fertilizer levels was calculated under laboratory conditions. Wheat plants were grown on four nitrogen fertilizer levels and aphids were fed on these plants and subsequently offered as food to the C. carnea. Aphid densities of 10, 30, and 90 were offered to first, second, and third instar larvae of green lacewing. Increased nitrogen application improved nitrogen contents of the plants and also the body weight of cereal aphids feeding on them. Aphid consumption by green lacewings was reduced with the increase in nitrogen content in the host plants of aphids. Predation of both aphid species by first, second, and third instars larvae of C. carnea was highest on aphids reared on plants with the lowest rate of fertilization, suggesting a compensatory consumption to overcome reduced biomass （lower aphid size）. Total biomass devoured by C. carnea on all nitrogen fertilizer treatments was not statistically different. additionally, the heavier host prey influenced by the plant nutrition had an effect on the life history characteristics of green lacewings. The larval duration, pupal weight, pupal duration, fecundity, and male and female longevity were significantly affected by the level of nitrogen fertilization to the aphid＇s host plants, except for pupal duration when fed on S. avenae. This study showed that quantity of prey supplied to the larvae affects the prey consumption and thereafter the life history characteristics of green lacewings.

关键词： Chrysoperla carnea host plant nutrition tritrophic interactions

Decision-making Problems under the Environment of m-Polar Diophantine Neutrosophic N-Soft Set

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第1期130卷 581-606页

作者： Shouzhen Zeng shahbaz Ali m.ham.ad Khalid mahmood Florentin Smarandache Daud Ahmad School of Business Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China College of Statistics andmathematics Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou310018China Department of mathematics Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering&Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of mathematics University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan Department of mathematics and Science University of NewMexicoGallupNM87301USA

Fuzzy models are present everywhere from natural to artificial structures,embodying the dynamic processes in physical,biological,and social *** real-life problems are often uncertain on account of inconsistent and indeterminate information,it seems very demanding for an expert to solve those problems using a fuzzy *** this regard,we develop a hybrid new model m-polar Diophantine neutrosophic N-soft set which is based on neutrosophic set and soft ***,we define several different sorts of compliments on the proposed set.A proposed set is a generalized form of fuzzy,soft,Pythagorean fuzzy,Pythagorean fuzzy soft,and Pythagorean fuzzy N-soft *** thismanner,m-polar Diophantine neutrosophic N-soft set is more proficient,a versatile model to oversee vulnerabilities as it likewise survives the downsides of existing models which are to be summed ***,we give the application of the proposed set in multi-attribute decision-making problems by defining a new choice-value function.

关键词： Neutrosophic set soft set N-soft set m-polar diophantine neutrosophic N-soft set decision making

A novel hybrid cybersecurity scheme against false data injection attacks in automated power systems

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Protection and Control of modern Power Systems 2023年第3期8卷 1-15页

作者： shahbaz Hussain S.m.Suhail Hussain marziyeh Hemmati Atif Iqbal Rashid Alammari Stefano Zanero Enrico Ragaini Giambattista Gruosso Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar UniversityDohaQatar Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e BioingegneriaPolitecnico di MilanoMilanItaly Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals(KFUPM)DhahranSaudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals(KFUPM)DhahranSaudi Arabia

The conventional power systems are evolving as smart *** recent times cyberattacks on smart grids have been *** different attacks,False Data Injection(FDI)is considered as an emerging threat that has significant *** exploiting the vulnerabilities of IEC 61850 Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events(GOOSE)and Sam-pled Values(SV)attackers can launch different FDI *** this paper,a real-time set up capable of simulating FDI on GOOSE and SV protocols is developed to evaluate the impact of such attacks on power *** 62351 stipulates cybersecurity guidelines for GOOSE and SV,but only at communication or Information Technology(IT)*** there is a need to develop a holistic security both at IT and Operation Technology(OT)*** this regard,a novel sequence content resolver-based hybrid security scheme suitable to tackle FDI attacks on GOOSE and SV is ***,the computational performance of the proposed hybrid security scheme is presented to demonstrate its applicability to the time critical GOOSE and SV protocols.

关键词： Cyberattacks False data injection Real time digital simulation IEC 61850 Communication protocols Control authority Countermeasures

新型频域相关断层扫描对健康年轻人视网膜各参数的测量分析（英文）

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国际眼科杂志 2016年第2期16卷 207-212页

作者： Syed Nasir Ali Shah 张林樊小娟邓瑾 Faisal shahbaz Umer Farooq 西安交通大学第一附属医院眼科中国西安710061 坎伯兰疗养医院英国英格兰卡莱尔阿尤布医学院社区医学系巴基斯坦阿伯塔巴德22010

目的:采用新型频域相关断层扫描测量分析健康年轻人中视网膜各参数生理的不对称性。方法:对146名健康年轻人进行横断面观察研究,采用新型频域相关断层扫描对其双眼视网膜参数(视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视盘、黄斑)进行扫描。通过右眼减去... 详细信息

目的:采用新型频域相关断层扫描测量分析健康年轻人中视网膜各参数生理的不对称性。方法:对146名健康年轻人进行横断面观察研究,采用新型频域相关断层扫描对其双眼视网膜参数(视网膜神经纤维层厚度、视盘、黄斑)进行扫描。通过右眼减去左眼所得参数值的平均差进行配对t检验。两眼间的差异采用2.5%~97.5%之间进行评估。视网膜参数相关。通过回归分析,评价性别和血压对视网膜参数的影响。结果:两眼的视网膜神经纤维层平均厚度无统计学差异(+0.7μm,P=0.09)。两眼视网膜颞侧象限(+2.51μm,P=0.02),鼻侧象限(+2.50μm,P=0.04),钟表位右眼2点与左眼10点(+5.85μm,P=0.002),右眼3点与左眼9点(+3.20μm,P=0.005),右眼11点与左眼1点(+3.80μm,P=0.024),平均厚度(-0.034μm,P=0.013)和垂直方向杯盘比(-0.028μm,P=0.008),黄斑部鼻侧象限(+7.76μm,P=0.003)。左眼上方视网膜明显较薄(-2.40μm,P=0.03)。平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度和黄斑厚度分别为11μm和18μm。视网膜参数在双眼有中度的相关性(0.41~0.6),而两眼视网膜参数与性别、血压不相关(Pm和18μm。结论:视网膜参数的不对称性存在于健康视网膜,并对早期视网膜病变的诊断提供有价值的评估。

关键词：高分辨率光学相关断层扫描不对称视网膜参数