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Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： Samuel K.h.Sy ho Ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li Ka Shing Institute of health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina margaret K.L.Cheung Research Center for management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-chuen Research Center of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in ***,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal ***,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain ***,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much *** is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing precise sizes

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Enhancement of coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for memory and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.Sardar m.D.hossain m.S.Sikder m.N.I.Khan m.R.Rahman Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Department of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Department ofComputer Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh material Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in me mory and high frequency *** the improvement of these modern devices,the magnetic coercivity,permeability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the important *** article focuses on improving the magnetic coercivity,magnetic permeability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEm),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sample magnetometer(VSm),and an impedance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,magnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the formation of spinel cubic structure of the samples with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the samples follow an inverse trend,where the doped samples’lattice parameters are increased with the increment of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEm images,and it is increased from 121 to 198 *** analysis confirms that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped samples is greater than that of the mother alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no impurity contamination in the *** permeability and dielectric measurements show an improved quality factor of the Eu-doped samples with low magnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and impedance analysis also show the improved *** the observed properties of the samples,all the investigated ferrites might be strong candidates for potential applications in memory devices,magnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Permeability EDX Resistivity

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Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

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Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LhAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.X.Bai Y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi Y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.Y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.F.Chang A.m.Chen E.S.Chen h.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen m.J.Chen m.L.Chen Q.h.Chen S.Chen S.h.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng m.Y.Cui S.W.Cui X.h.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai h.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.h.Fan Y.Z.Fan J.Fang J.h.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng h.Feng L.Feng S.h.Feng X.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao m.m.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.h.Gong Q.B.Gou m.h.Gu F.L.Guo X.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.han m.hasan h.h.he h.N.he J.Y.he Y.he Y.K.hor B.W.hou C.hou X.hou h.B.hu Q.hu S.C.hu D.h.huang T.Q.huang W.J.huang X.T.huang X.Y.huang Y.huang X.L.Ji h.Y.Jia K.Jia K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang m.Jin m.m.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.m.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li h.B.Li h.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.R.Li Xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang Y.F.Liang S.J.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu h.Liu h.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu m.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.m.Liu W.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo h.K.Lv B.Q.ma L.L.ma X.h.ma J.R.mao Z.min W.mitthumsiri h.J.mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei J.C.Qi m.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz m.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng F.W.Shu h.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.h.T.Tam Q.W.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang h.G.Wang h.h.Wang J.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.Y.Wang P.h.Wang R.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.Y.Wang Y.Wang Y.D.Wang Y.J.Wang Z.h.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.m.Wei J.J.Wei Y.J.Wei T.Wen C.Y.Wu h.R.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.F.Wu Y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia G.m.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao Y.L.Xin Y.Xing D.R.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu R.F.Xu R.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.h.Yan J.Z.Yan T.Yan C.W.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang m.J.Yang R.Z.Yang W.X.Yang Y.h.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin X.h.You Z.Y.You Y.h.Yu Q.Yuan h.Yue h.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng m.Zha B.B.Zhang F.Zhang h.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of Physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(CRs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNR)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for CRs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large high Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LhAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2 to 200 *** LhAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from Fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~200 TeV in the CR proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNRs serving as CR accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme CR accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic CRs.

关键词： UhE c-ray Cosmic rays SNR W51C Star clusters

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Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid h.A.L-hashem Salah O.Bashir Amal F.Dawood moutasem S.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz m.Al-Garni mohamed D.morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic medical Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the morris Water maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

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Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate Can Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in maize

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 1819-1838页

作者： Bushra Rehman Asma Zulfiqar houneida Attia Rehana Sardar muneera A.Saleh Khalid h.Alamer Ibtisam m.Alsudays Faisal mehmood Qamar uz Zaman Institute of Botany University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Botany Emerson UniversityMultan60000Pakistan Biological Sciences Department Faculty of Science and ArtsKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceQassim UniversityBurydah52571Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity and influences agricultural *** priming is a technique used to boost germination and seedling growth under abiotic stress.A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming with potassium nitrate(KNO_(3))at various levels(0%,0.50%,1.00%and 1.50%)under salt stress(0,75,100 mm NaCl)on two maize verities(mNh360 and 30T60)for the growth,development and metabolic attributes results revealed that in maize variety mNh360,KNO_(3)priming’s significantly enhanced growth parameters than in maize variety 30T60 under control and salt-stressed *** with KNO_(3)enhanced carotenoids and total chlorophyll in the 30T60 variety that protected the maize plants from salt ***,it was shown that priming with 1.00%KNO_(3)acts as safeguarded to protect them from oxidative damage by salt stress minimizing reactive oxygen species(ROS)formation through increased levels of malondialdehyde(mDA),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and total soluble *** findings of the present study confirm that the use of the KNO_(3)seed priming technique is a lowcost,environmentally friendly technique for mitigating adverse impacts of salt stress in maize crops by activating the antioxidant defense system and improving chlorophyll and osmolyte contents.

关键词： Salinity Zea mays antioxidant enzymes growth seedlings oxidative damage

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ALS-linked C9orf72 dipeptide repeats inhibit starvation-induced autophagy through modulating BCL2–BECN1 interaction

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2026-2038页

作者： Shiqiang Xu Qilian ma Junwen Shen Ningning Li Shan Sun Nana Wang Yang Chen Chunsheng Dong Kin Yip Tam Jochen h.m.Prehn hongfeng Wang Zheng Ying Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China mOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Dept.of Physiology&medical Physics and FUTURE-NEURO Research Centre Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D02 YN77Ireland Faculty of health Sciences University of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China Insititutes of Biology and medical Science Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Growing evidences indicate that dysfunction of autophagy contributes to the disease pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD),two neurodegenerative *** GGGGCC·GGCCCC repeat RNA expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is the most genetic cause of both ALS and *** to the previous studies,GGGGCC·GGCCCC repeat undergoes the unconventional repeat-associated non-ATG translation,which produces dipeptide repeat(DPR)*** there is a growing understanding that C9orf72 DPRs have a strong ability to harm neurons and induce C9orf72-linked ALS/FTD,whether these DPRs can affect autophagy remains *** the present study,we find that poly-GR and poly-PR,two arginine-containing DPRs which display the most cytotoxic properties according to the previous studies,strongly inhibit starvation-induced ***,our data indicate that arginine-rich DPRs enhance the interaction between BCL2 and BECN1/Beclin 1 by inhibiting BCL2 phosphorylation,therefore they can impair autophagic clearance of neurodegenerative disease-associated protein aggregates under starvation condition in ***,our study not only highlights the role of C9orf72 DPR in autophagy dysfunction,but also provides novel insight that pharmacological intervention of autophagy using SW063058,a small molecule compound that can disrupt the interaction between BECN1 and BCL2,may reduce C9orf72 DPR-induced neurotoxicity.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Frontotemporal dementia C9orf72 Autophagy BCL2 BECN1/Beclin 1 Dipeptide repeat Neurodegeneration

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Facile synthesis of samarium and cerium doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.Kamran m.Anis-ur-Rehman Applied Thermal Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm-Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm_(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the specimens were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique named the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice parameters,lattice strain,unit cell volume,and bulk density were determined using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were examined using calculations based on the density functional *** and experimental values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron microscope was used for performing a microstructural *** SEm images demonstrate the homogeneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm).The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric permittivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 hz-3 mhz)at different temperatures(100-500℃).All synthesized samples were examined using non-linear Debye's function to determine their spreading factor and relaxation *** specimen with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm)exhibits a high dielectric permittivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction mechanism was examined in the studied samples with the use of Jonscher's power *** power law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 compositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specimen Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm_(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm^(3))displays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm).These findings correspond to those published for ceramics made from calcium cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm).

关键词： Bismuth calcium samarium cerium cobaltite (BCSCCO) Spreading factor Conduction mechanism Rare earths

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Braneworld black holes with modmax electrodynamics on the brane

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 120-128页

作者： haryanto m Siahaan Jurusan Fisika Universitas Katolik ParahyanganJalan Ciumbuleuit 94Bandung 40141Indonesia

In this study,we investigate modmax electrodynamics localized within the Randall-Sundrum Ⅱ and Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati branes,deriving corresponding 3-brane spacetime solutions that conform to the effective Einstein equations in each specific *** construct solutions for charged black holes within the effective Einstein equation framework in both braneworld *** examination explores the trajectories of charged objects in this spacetime,underscoring the significance of the nonlinear *** analysis uncovers the fact that,similar to the prior modmax black hole investigation,the nonlinear parameter plays a pivotal role in suppressing the effective charge of the black hole,due to its definite positive value.

关键词： RS-II DGP modmax brane

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higgs-like(pseudo)scalars in AdS_(4),marginal and irrelevant deformations in CFT_(3),and instantons on S^(3)

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 68-81页

作者： m.Naghdi Department of Physics Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of IlamIlamIran

Employing a 4-form ansatz of 11-dimensional supergravity over a non-dynamical AdS_(4)×S^(7)/Z_(k)background and setting the internal space as an S1 hopf fibration on CP3,we obtain a consistent ***(pseudo)scalars,in the resulting scalar equations in Euclidean AdS_(4)space,may be considered to arise from(anti)m-branes wrapping around the internal directions in the(Wick-rotated)skew-whiffed m2-brane background(as the resulting theory is for anti-m2-branes),thus realizing the modes after swapping the three fundamental representations 8_(s),8_(c),and 8_(v) of SO(8).Taking the backreaction on the external and internal spaces,we obtain the massless and massive modes,corresponding to exactly marginal and marginally irrelevant deformations on the boundary CFT3,***,we obtain a closed solution for the bulk equation and compute its correction with respect to the background ***,considering the higgs-like(breathing)mode m^(2)=18,having all supersymmetries as well as parity and scale-invariance broken,solving the associated bulk equation with mathematical methods,specifically the Adomian decomposition method,and analyzing the behavior near the boundary of the solutions,we realize the boundary duals in the SU(4)×U(1)-singlet sectors of the ABJm ***,introducing the new dual deformationΔ_(+)=3,6 operators made of bi-fundamental scalars,fermions,and U(1)gauge fields,we obtain the SO(4)-invariant solutions as small instantons on a three-sphere with the radius at infinity,which correspond to collapsing bulk bubbles leading to big-crunch singularities.

关键词： AdS_(4)/CFT_(3)correspondence scalar equations in AdS_(4) instantons marginal and irrelevant operators (anti)m-branes

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Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David m.Bell Tiantian Wang houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi mihnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.h.Prevot Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

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