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Trihalomethanes in Comerio Drinking Water and Their Reduction by Nanostructured materials

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2014年第2期4卷 31-41页

作者： Jorge Hernández Bourdon Francisco márquez Linares School of Science and Technology Universidad del Turabo Gurabo Puerto Rico

The formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during chlorination of drinking water is an issue which has drawn significant scientific attention due to the possible adverse effects that these compounds have on human health and the formation of another DBPs. Factors that affect the formation of DBPs include: chlorine dose and residue, contact time, temperature, pH and natural organic matter (NOm). The most frequently detected DBPs in drinking water are trihalomethanes (THms) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The mCLs are standards established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for drinking water quality established in Stage 1, Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (DBPR), and they limit the amount of potentially hazardous substances that are allowed in drinking water. The water quality data for THms were evaluated in the Puerto rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (PRASA). During this evaluation, the THms exceeded the maximum contamination limit (mCLs) for the Comerio Water Treatment Plant (CWTP). USEPA classified the THms as Group B2 carcinogens (shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals). This research evaluated the THms concentrations in the following sampling sites: CWTP, Río Hondo and Pinas Abajo schools, Comerio Health Center (CDT), and the Vázquez Ortiz family, in the municipality of Comerio Puerto Rcio. The results show that the factors affecting the formation of THms occur in different concentrations across the distribution line. There are not specific ranges to determine the formation of THms in drinking water when the chemical and physical parameters were evaluated. Three different nanostructured materials (graphene, mordenite (mOR) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mWCNTs)) were used in this research, to reduce the THms formation by adsorption in specific contact times. The results showed that graphene is the best nanomaterial to reduce THms in drinking water. Graphene can reduce 80 parts per billion (ppb) of THms in about

关键词： Trihalomethanes Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) Graphene mordenite multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Nanomaterials in Biomedicine

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2015年第3期5卷 53-54页

作者： mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab Francisco márquez Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department National Research Center Dokki Cairo Egypt Nanomaterials Research Group-NRG School of Natural Sciences and Technology University of Turabo Gurabo Puerto Rico USA

Nowadays, nanomaterials have become an emerging field that has shown great promise in the development of novel diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases, including cancer, due to their nanoscale size effects and increased surface area. In comparison to their larger counterparts, nanomaterials have unique physicochemical and biological properties including size, shape, chemical composition, surface structure and charge, aggregation and agglomeration, and solubility which can affect their interactions with biomolecules and cells. Nanoparticles (NPs) with size-tunable light emission have demonstrated an impressive potential as high-efficiency delivery transporters for biomolecules into cells, being used to produce exceptional images of tumor sites. moreover, NPs delivery system has been widely applied in pharmaceutical field to enhance absorption of bioactive compounds since they can interact with several phytochemicals by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions to encapsulate these phytochemicals in NPs and thus enhance aqueous solubility of the chemicals. moreover, NPs also can prevent against oxidation/degradation of the phytochemicals encapsulated in the gastrointestinal tract and can be taken directly up by epithelial cells in the small intestine resulting in the increase of absorption and bioavailability of phytochemicals. In general, there are two specific fields of utilization of intrinsically active NPs as pharmacologic agents including oxidative-related pathologies and cancer. On the other hand, Redox active NPs have been shown to ameliorate many clinically relevant pathological disorders that implicate oxidative stress, reducing the oxidative burden and alleviating many important symptoms. Such NPs act either in a catalytic way resembling the action of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, or as activating surfaces to facilitate reactions between the aqueous environment and the reactive oxygen species p

关键词： Nanomaterials Biomedicine

Perceptions of Climate Change in Puerto rico before and after Hurricane maria

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第2期10卷 153-166页

作者： méndez-Tejeda Rafael maría Santos-Corrada mena Sandra Natural Science Department Atmospherical Science Laboratory University of Puerto Rico at Carolina Puerto Rico USA School of Business and Entrepreneurship University of Ana G. Méndez Gurabo Puerto Rico USA

This article analyzes the perceptions of Puerto Rican citizens of global climate change (GCC) before and after an extreme weather event, specifically Hurricane maria (Hm). The purpose of the current article is to evaluate Puerto Ricans’ perceptions of the impact of extreme meteorological phenomena and of GCC before and after Hm. This tropical cyclone entered the island as a category IV hurricane on September 17, 2017, causing enormous destruction, loss of life, and economic damage. In this study, two data samples were collected before and after Hm struck Puerto rico (PR) (the second sample was collected approximately six months after the hurricane). Surveyed citizens with general knowledge of GCC increased from 43% to 62%, which the researchers consider a small increase, considering the severe destruction caused by Hm. This study also found that Puerto Ricans trust non-profit institutions and the scientific community more than state authorities. Furthermore, 85% of citizens believe that public policies on GCC should be directed by the state (federal, state, and municipal governments);this did not change after Hm. In addition, this study found that the poor response of the federal and state governments to the destruction caused by Hm increased citizens’ trust in the scientific community.

关键词： Puerto rico Hurricane maria Perception Climatechange

molecular phylogeny, morphology, pigment chemistry and ecology in Hygrophoraceae (Agaricales)

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第1期64卷 1-99页

作者： D.Jean Lodge mahajabeen Padamsee P.Brandon matheny m.Catherine Aime Sharon A.Cantrell David Boertmann Alexander Kovalenko Alfredo Vizzini Bryn T.m.Dentinger Paul m.Kirk A.martyn Ainsworth Jean-marc moncalvo Rytas Vilgalys Ellen Larsson Robert Lücking Gareth W.Griffith matthew E.Smith Lorelei L.Norvell Dennis E.Desjardin Scott A.Redhead Clark L.Ovrebo Edgar B.Lickey Enrico Ercole Karen W.Hughes Régis Courtecuisse Anthony Young manfred Binder Andrew m.minnis Daniel L.Lindner Beatriz Ortiz-Santana John Haight Thomas Læssøe Timothy J.Baroni József Geml Tsutomu Hattori Center for Forest mycology Research Northern Research StationUSDA-Forest ServiceLuquilloPR 00773-1377USA Systematics Team Landcare Research231 Morrin RoadAuckland 1072New Zealand Ecology&Evolutionary Biology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1610USA Department of Botany&Plant Pathology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Science and Technology Universidad del TuraboGuraboPR 00778-3030USA Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityFrederiksborgvej 399DK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2 Prof.Popov Str.St.Petersburg 197376Russia Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Universitàdi TorinoViale P.A.Mattioli 2510125 TorinoItaly mycology Royal Botanic GardensKewRichmondSurrey TW93DSUK Royal Ontario museum 100 Queen’s ParkTorontoONCanada Biology Department Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708-0338USA Biological&Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden Science&Eduaction Integrative Research&Collections(Botany)The Field Museum of Natural History1400 Lake Shore Dr.ChicagoIL 60605-2496USA University of Wales AberystwythCeredigion SY233DDUK Department of Plant Pathology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-0680USA Pacific Northwest mycology Service 6720 NW Skyline BvdPortlandOR 97229-1309USA Department of Biology San Francisco State University1600 Holloway Ave.San FranciscoCA 94132USA National mycological Herbarium(DAOm) Science and Technology BranchAgriculture&Agri-FoodsCanada960 Carling AvenueOttawaOntarioCanada ONT K1A 0C6 Department of Biology University of Central OklahomaEdmondOK 73034USA Department of Biology Bridgewater College402 E.College St.BridgewaterVA 22812USA Department of Botany Faculty of Pharmaceutical&Biological SciencesLilleFrance 100 Langton Road BlackbuttQld 4306Australia CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre Evolutionary PhytopathologyInst.of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts&Sciences(KNAW)Uppsalalaan 83584 CT UtrechtThe Netherlands

molecular phylogenies using 1–4 gene regions and information on ecology,morphology and pigment chemistry were used in a partial revision of the agaric family *** phylogenetically supported genera we recognize here in the Hygrophoraceae based on these and previous analyses are:Acantholichen,Ampulloclitocybe,Arrhenia,Cantharellula,Cantharocybe,Chromosera,Chrysomphalina,Cora,Corella,Cuphophyllus,Cyphellostereum,Dictyonema,Eonema,Gliophorus,Haasiella,Humidicutis,Hygroaster,Hygrocybe,Hygrophorus,Lichenomphalia,Neohygrocybe,Porpolomopsis and Pseudoarmillariella.A new genus that is sister to Chromosera is described as *** were made at the ranks of subfamily,tribe,genus,subgenus,section and *** present three new subfamilies,eight tribes(five new),eight subgenera(one new,one new combination and one ***.),26 sections(five new and three new combinations and two ***.)and 14 subsections(two new,two ***.).Species of Chromosera,Gliophorus,Humidicutis,and Neohygrocybe are often treated within the genus Hygrocybe;we therefore provide valid names in both classification *** used a minimalist approach in transferring genera and creating new names and ***,we retain in the Hygrophoraceae the basal cuphophylloid grade comprising the genera Cuphophyllus,Ampulloclitocybe andCantharocybe,despite weak phylogenetic *** include Aeruginospora and Semiomphalina in Hygrophoraceae based on morphology though molecular data are *** lower hygrophoroid clade is basal to Hygrophoraceae s.s.,comprising the genera Aphroditeola,macrotyphula,Phyllotopsis,Pleurocybella,Sarcomyxa,Tricholomopsis and Typhula.

关键词： Hygrophoraceae Fungi Revisionary systematics Nomenclatural revision Phylogenetics Pigment chemistry Lamellar trama construction Hymenial morphology Ecology

Persistent Zika Virus Infection Associated with Early Fetal Demise: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第5期9卷 698-706页

作者： Janice Pérez-Padilla Gabriela Paz-Bailey Dana meaney-Delman Kate Doyle Joy Gary Dania m. Rodriguez Julu Bhatnagar Nicole m. Pérez-Rodriguez Sara montalvo Luisa Alvarado Tyler m. Sharp Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Dengue Branch San Juan Puerto Rico CDC National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Atlanta GA USA CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Atlanta GA USA CDC Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Atlanta GA USA Ponce Health Sciences University/Saint Luke’s Episcopal Hospital Ponce Puerto Rico

Background: Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy is known to cause birth defects and could also be linked to pregnancy loss. Case: A pregnant woman in Puerto rico contracted ZIKV at 16 weeks gestation. ZIKV RNA persisted in serum from her initial test at 16 weeks through 24 weeks gestation, when fetal demise occurred, and was detected in placental tissue. Conclusion: Prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in maternal serum was associated with ZIKV RNA detection in the placenta of a patient who experienced fetal demise. While detection of placenta ZIKV RNA does not establish that ZIKV conclusively caused the demise, these findings support emerging evidence that the placenta may serve as a reservoir for ZIKV, which may be associated with prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in serum.

关键词： Zika Pregnancy Outcomes ZIKV Persistence

Development of a Construction material for Indoor and Outdoor, metakaolinite-Based Geopolymer, with Environmental Properties

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2019年第4期9卷 131-142页

作者： m.mondragón-Figueroa Héctor.R.Guzmán-Carrillo miguelÁngel rico JoséLuis.Reyez-Araiza Jorge.Pineda-Piñón Edgar J.López-Naranjo maría C.Columba-Palomares Jóse.m.López-Romero Josè.Ramón Gasca-Tirado Alejandro.manzano-Ramírez CINVESTAV-Querétaro Libramiento Norponiente#2000Fraccionamiento Real de JuriquillaQuerétaro 76230Qro.México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro centro de estudios Académicos sobre contaminación AmbientalQuerétaro 76010Qro.México DIPFI Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroC.U.Cerro de las CampanasCentroQuerétaro 76010Qro.México Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología AvanzadaUnidad QuerétaroCerro Blanco No.141Colinas del CimatarioQuerétaro76090Qro.México DIP-CUCEI Universidad de GuadalajaraJoséGuadalupe Zuno#48Los BelenesZapopan 45100Jal.México Facultad de Farmacia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad#1001Cuernavaca 62209Mor.México Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad de GuanajuatoGuanajuato 36000México

Environmental problems that came from the human activity have many facets,since pollution of the atmosphere arises from vehicles,industrial emissions while pollution of water could be from organic compounds,pesticides *** can cause serious health effects,such as respiratory diseases,including asthma and lung ***,in the present work,a kinetic study on the effective adsorption and photo degradation of methylene blue(mB)dye,under ultraviolet A(UVA)irradiation of an alkali activated inorganic polymer(geopolymer)with homogeneously dispersed titanium dioxide(TiO2)micro-particles is *** addition,antimicrobial testing of the alkali activated TiO2 material was performed showing a bacteriostatic effect.

关键词： Heterogeneous photocatalysis semiconductor alkali activated bacteriostatic effect

Photometric analysis of absorbable barbed suture for periareolar closure in mastopexy

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2016年第1期3卷 296-301页

作者： Allen D.Rosen Alanna m.Guzman Teresa Hartman Department of Plastic Surgery University HospitalNewarkNJ 07103USA Department of General Surgery University of Puerto RicoSan JuanPR 00936USA The Plastic Surgery Group MontclairNJ 07042USA

Aim:The primary author previously described his technique for periareolar closure in mastopexy using a pinwheel interlocking purse string with absorbable barbed suture and now reports the results of a retrospective photometric analysis comparing this technique with the same closure using Gortex®*** study is designed to compare the degree of areolar widening and safety profile of using absorbable barbed sutures for periareolar closure versus permanent smooth ***:A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients whose periareolar closures were performed using an interlocking purse-string technique over a 10-year *** patients undergoing circumvertical mastopexy were *** had photometric evaluation and follow-up performed within 6-24 ***:In total,20 patients(40 areolas),which were closed with absorbable barbed suture,were analyzed *** this suture group,areola size increased a mean of 4.9%from baseline,and no complications(0%)were *** compared favorably with previously reported complication rates using permanent sutures and with a series of cases presented herein in which permanent smooth suture was used for purse string *** degree to which absorbable barbed suture controls areolar spread was shown to be significantly better than those where permanent smooth purse string techniques were ***:Circumvertical mastopexy closures using absorbable barbed suture was shown to be safe and effective and compared favorably to older techniques using permanent smooth suture for similar *** paper lends support to the safety of using absorbable barbed suture in circumareolar closures to limit areolar spread.

关键词： mastopexy periareolar absorbable barbed suture QuillTm suture purse-string circumvertical permanent expanded polytetrafluoroethylene suture GORE-TEX®suture breast lift

Seminal characteristics and sexual behavior in men of different age groups： is there an aging effect？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第A03期8卷 337-341页

作者： Panayiotis m. Zavos Khalied Kaskar Juan R. Correa Suresh C. Sikka Andrology Institute of America Lexington Kentucky 40523 USA Centre de Fertilidad del Caribe Rio Piedras Puerto Rico 00923 USA Department of Urology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans Louisiana 70118 USA

Aim： To assess the seminal characteristics as well as the sexual behavior of men of various age groups to establish the presence of an aging effect on those characteristics. methods： Semen samples were collected from men （n = 792） undergoing in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination in cases of female factor infertility only. Samples were collected using a seminal collection device at intercourse and evaluated manually according to World Health Organization （WHO） standards. men were divided into four groups according to their ages：（i） 20-30, （ii） 31-40, （iii） 41-50 and （iv） 51-60 years, and their seminal characteristics and responses to a sexual behavior questionnaire were compared. Results： The data showed statistically significant differences in the seminal characteristics tested, most notably in the sperm concentration, motility, grade of motility, hypo-osmotic swelling and normal sperm morphology. Furthermore, the decline in normal sperm morphology with age was more pronounced when using strict criteria rather than WHO standards. There were also differences in total sperm count, total motile sperm and total functional sperm fraction （assessed by both WHO and strict criteria）. Significant differences were also observed in the sexual behavior patterns in older men in terms of the number of years they have been trying to conceive, sexual frequency and sexual satisfaction. Conclusion： The data clearly illustrate an aging effect on semen characteristics and sexual behavior in men as they age. It is suggested that the aging effect be taken into consideration when proposing normal standard values for semen characteristics in routine semen analysis as outlined by WHO standards.

关键词： seminal parameters male aging effect fertility sexual behavior semen quality male factor infertility

Ecosystem-Based and Community-Based model Integration to Designate Coral Reef No-Take marine Protected Areas: A Case Study from Puerto rico

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Natural Resources 2014年第10期5卷 538-560页

作者： Edwin A. Hernández-Delgado manoj Shivlani Alberto m. Sabat Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation Coral Reef Research Group University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico Sociedad Ambiente marino San Juan Puerto Rico Center for Independent Experts Northern Taiga Ventures Inc. Miami USA Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico

Ecosystem-based management and community-based participation in governance of marine Protected Areas (mPAs) have been identified as key elements to improve management success, local stakeholder support, and compliance with regulations. However, both are often rarely achieved, resulting in poor mPA governance, support and success. A quantitative assessment of the spatio- temporal change (1997-2012) of coral reef fish communities within Arrecifes La Cordillera Natural Reserve in northeastern Puerto rico was carried out. We also identified community expectations of and support for the designation of a network of small no-take mPAs within the reserve’s boundaries. A holistic approach employing biophysical and socioeconomic methods was used as part of a participatory model to identify priorities for the designation of candidate no-take mPAs. Populations of the most important fishery-targeted species showed a significant temporal decline, particularly in areas subjected to intense recreational activities and spearfishing. most groupers (Serranidae), snappers (Lutjanidae), barracudas (Sphyraenidae), and some parrotfishes (Scaridae) were nearly absent at most sites. most individuals belonged to smaller size categories. Herbivores represented the majority of the total fish biomass, suggesting strong fishing impacts on apex predators. Fish declines also occurred after two massive coral bleaching events in 1998 and 2005 that were followed by mass coral mortalities, suggesting combined negative impacts of fishing and climate change. A no-take mPA designation was supported by 80% of the artisanal fishermen, 73% of the concessionaires (i.e., SCUBA diving, charter boats), and 52% of registered vessel operators. Stakeholders agreed that coral reef conditions in the reserve had declined over time, as well as water quality which affected reef health and fisheries. Stakeholders did not recognize climate change and sea surface warming as threats to coral reefs and fisheries. Nonetheles

关键词： Climate Change Community-Based management Fish Communities marine Protected Areas