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婴儿期日间护理与儿童期急性淋巴细胞性白血病发病风险的研究:在英国开展的病例对照研究

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 6-6页

作者： Gilham C. Peto J. Simpson J. T.O.B. eden 张振 Academic Unit of Paediatric Oncology Christie Hospital and Central Manchester Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trusts Manchester M20 4BX United Kingdom

Objective: To test the hypothesis that reduced exposure to common infections in the first year of life increases the risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Design and setting: The United Kingdom childhood cancer study (UKCCS) is a large population based case-control study of childhood cancer across 10 regions of the UK Participants 6305 children (aged 2-14 years) without cancer; 3140 children with cancer (diagnosed 1991-6), of whom 1286 had acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). main outcome measure: Day care and social activity during the first year of life were used as proxies for potential exposure to infection in infancy. Results: Increasing levels of social activity were associated with consistent reductions in risk of ALL; a dose-response trend was seen. When children whose mothers reported no regular activity outside the family were used as the reference group, odds ratios for increasing levels of activity were 0.73 (95%confidence interval 0.62 to 0.87) for any social activity, 0.62 (0.51 to 0.75) for regular day care outside the home, and 0.48 (0.37 to 0.62) for formal day care (attendance at facility with at least four children at least twice a week) (P value for trend malignancies showed a similar pattern (P value for trend malignancies were taken as the reference group, a significant protective effect for ALL was seen only for formal day care (odds ratio = 0.69, 0.51 to 0.93; P = 0.02). Similar results were obtained for B cell precursor common ALL and other subgroups, as well as for cases diagnosed above and below age 5 years. Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that reduced exposure to infection in the first few months of life increases the risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

关键词：发病风险婴儿期病例对照研究儿童癌症儿童期癌症出生后潜在感染验证研究感染性疾病感染源

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Differences in Treatment Patterns and Health Care Costs among Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Receiving Rituximab in the Hospital Outpatient Setting versus the Office/Clinic Setting

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第2期5卷 208-216页

作者： Stacey DaCosta Byfield Art Small Laura K. Becker Carolina m. Reyes Genentech Inc. South San Francisco USA Optum Eden Prairie USA

Objective: To examine whether differences in treatment patterns and health care costs exist among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) patients receiving rituximab in a hospital outpatient setting versus those receiving rituximab in a physician office/community clinic setting. methods: This retrospective database study used medical and pharmacy claims (1/2007-7/2012) from a large US health plan. Patients ≥18 years with ≥2 rituximab claims and ≥2 claims for either NHL or CLL were identified. The date of the first rituximab claim were set as the index date, and differences in treatment patterns and health care costs were examined during the period following the index date. Costs were adjusted for patient characteristics using a multivariate regression model. Results: A total of 4441 patients were identified;3167 received rituximab in the office/clinic setting, and 1274 in the hospital outpatient setting. From 2007 to 2012, the percentage of patients receiving rituximab in the hospital outpatient setting increased from 22% to 39%. Patients treated in the hospital outpatient setting vs. the office/clinic setting had fewer average counts of rituximab infusions (5.60 vs. 7.49, p 0.001), higher total health care costs (cost ratio = 1.325, p 0.001), higher infusion day drug and administration costs (cost ratio = 1.509, p 0.001), and higher rates of ER visits and inpatient stays (both p 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that site of care may impact treatment patterns and costs of patients receiving rituximab, and additional research is needed to better understand the reason(s) for these differences by site of service.

关键词： Lymphoma Leukemia Rituximab Treatment Setting Costs

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“重生”的画家(下)

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时代英语（高三版） 2022年第2期 4-7页

作者： V.m.希利尔仲秋(译) 不详

画家们之所以这么钻研马萨乔的画,那是因为在他之前的所有画家都无法掌握的一种绘画方法,他却成功地运用了。马萨乔的画看上去不是平面的效果,他画的画能让你感觉跃然纸上。这就是“透视”,你记得吗,我们曾经提到过它。过去几千年里,画... 详细信息

画家们之所以这么钻研马萨乔的画,那是因为在他之前的所有画家都无法掌握的一种绘画方法,他却成功地运用了。马萨乔的画看上去不是平面的效果,他画的画能让你感觉跃然纸上。这就是“透视”,你记得吗,我们曾经提到过它。过去几千年里,画家们一直希望自己的画作能够具有透视效果,但是,却没有人能够做到这一点。所以文艺复兴时期的画家非常想弄清楚马萨乔到底是如何做到的。马萨乔特别出名的壁画是一幅湿壁画,场景是亚当和夏娃被天使逐出伊甸园。

关键词：马萨乔透视效果绘画方法伊甸园如何做到文艺复兴时期画家

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伊甸园之门六十年代美国文化

伊甸园之门六十年代美国文化

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丛书名：美国文学史论译丛

1985年

作者：（美）迪克斯坦（Dickstein m.）方晓光译

本书是一部综合性文化评论著作,作者从政治,哲学,文学,新闻,音乐等各个方面描述和分析了美国六十年代的文化

ISBN: (纸本)10218·020

本书是一部综合性文化评论著作,作者从政治,哲学,文学,新闻,音乐等各个方面描述和分析了美国六十年代的文化

关键词：文化学科:研究地点:美国

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苏美尔伊甸园的城市

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丛书名：失落的文明

2002年

作者：（美）戴尔·布朗（Dale m.Brown）王淑芳译

本书共有4章，包括：“被历史遗忘的民族”、“文明之路的里程碑”、“掩埋在时间层之下的光辉与庄严”、“园丁之子的血腥遗产”等。

ISBN: (纸本)7219044461

本书共有4章，包括：“被历史遗忘的民族”、“文明之路的里程碑”、“掩埋在时间层之下的光辉与庄严”、“园丁之子的血腥遗产”等。

关键词：苏美尔历史

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Interactive Effects of Zinc and Zilpaterol Hydrochloride on Bovine <i>β</i>-Adrenergic Receptors

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 402-413页

作者： J. E. Hergenreder T. L. Harris J. O. Baggerman A. D. Hosford m. Branine B. J. Johnson Department of Animal and Food Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA Zinpro Corporation Eden Prairie MN USA

The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of zinc (Zn) in combination with zilpaterol HCL (ZH) affected the interaction of ZH with the beta2-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) by altering cAmP production, gene expression, and protein abundance in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Cultures of muscle bovine satellite cells were established and treated at 120 h with: 1) 0 μm Zn/zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH;CON);2) 0 μm Zn/10 μm ZH (ZH);3) 1 μm Zn from Zn chloride/0 μm ZH (Zn);4) 1 μm Zn from Zn chloride/10 μm ZH (ZN/ZH) in differentiation media for an additional 0, 6, 24, 48 and 96 h. Protein and mRNA were isolated and quantified at 24 and 96 h, and cAmP was measured at 0, 6, 24, 48 and 96 h. At 0, 24, 48 and 96 h, no differences (P > 0.05) were detected in cAmP production. At 6 h, Zn cells had the greatest concentration of cAmP (P mpared to ZH treatments. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected in mRNA abundance at 24 h. At 96 h, 0 μm Zn/10 μm ZH cells had an increased abundance of myosin heavy chain (mHC)-I mRNA (P mpared to CON. Furthermore, ZH had a greater abundance of mHC-IIX mRNA (P mRNA (P mpared to CON and ZN/ZH. No differences (P > 0.05) were detected in the protein abundance of β1AR and the

关键词： β-Adrenergic Receptor Zilpaterol Hydrochloride Zinc

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手部湿疹治疗的研究概况:eden手部湿疹的调查

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 23-24页

作者： Van Coevorden A.m. Coenraads P.J. Svensson A. 田中伟 Dermatology Department Groningen UniversityHospital Groningen Netherlands

Background: Hand eczema is a major cause of morbidity and lost earnings. many interventions ranging from topical steroids to oral ciclosporin are used, but their evidence base and the best methods to assess their efficacy are uncertain. Objectives: As part of a long-term project to improve standards of design and reporting in hand eczema trials, we sought to describe the prevalent study designs and comment on the quality of reporting of such studies. methods and data sources: Electronic databases (Cochrane, medline, Embase, Pascal, Jicst-Eplus, Amed) were searched from January 1977 to April 2003 using all possible variants of the terms hand and eczema/dermatitis. In addition, four general medical and 17 specialist dermatology journals were hand-searched by pairs of researchers for all possible therapeutic studies. Study selection: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they dealt with hand eczema as diagnosed by a physician irrespective of the aetiology, and if they described the results of a study of a therapeutic intervention in humans. Single case reports and reviews were excluded, but case series and non-randomized studies were considered alongside randomized studies. Data selection: For each study, two researchers independently assessed the type of study, outcome measures, enrolment criteria, randomization, masking of interventions and how losses to follow-up were dealt with. main outcome measures: Proportion of studies according to type of intervention and study type. Proportion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that adequately reported eligibility criteria, randomization generation and concealment,masking and intention-to-treat analysis. Results: A total of 90 studies reported in 87 papers dealt with 11 different classes of interventions. Around 80%of the studies dealt with just four interventions: ultraviolet light, topical steroids, radiation and systemic immunosuppressives. Of the 90 studies, 44 were case series, 15 were nonrandomized controlled trial

关键词：手部湿疹 eden 随机对照试验最佳治疗方法随机化方法环孢素类固醇激素内科医师综合性期刊 Cochrane

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氨基酸铁络合物对母猪繁殖性能与哺乳仔猪生长和皮肤颜色的影响

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动物营养学报 2004年第1期16卷 30-35页

作者：陈婉如郭庆罗绪刚魏克强 Timothy m.Fakler 林燕潘瑞珍吕林刘彬福建省农业科学院畜牧研究所福建福州350002 中国农业科学院畜牧研究所北京100094 Zinpro Corp.eden Prairie

选用24头已与杜洛克父本配种的妊娠70天的(长×大)杂交母猪及其所生的24窝仔猪,研究不同铁源与注射铁剂补铁对母猪繁殖性能与哺乳仔猪生长和皮肤颜色的影响。结果表明:①有机铁组母猪的新生窝产活仔数和新生窝重分别多于和重于其余两组... 详细信息

选用24头已与杜洛克父本配种的妊娠70天的(长×大)杂交母猪及其所生的24窝仔猪,研究不同铁源与注射铁剂补铁对母猪繁殖性能与哺乳仔猪生长和皮肤颜色的影响。结果表明:①有机铁组母猪的新生窝产活仔数和新生窝重分别多于和重于其余两组,但差异均不显著(P>0.18);②硫酸亚铁组仔猪的日增重显著低于其余两组(P0.37),铁注射改善了哺乳仔猪的皮肤红度(P=0.0001),减少了其皮肤黄度(P=0.0001)。以上研究结果表明,在妊娠和泌乳母猪饲粮中添加氨基酸铁络合物有提高母猪繁殖性能的趋势,氨基酸铁络合物在改善哺乳仔猪皮肤红色方面的效果优于硫酸亚铁,但有机铁上述改善效果尚不足以完全代替铁注射。

关键词：氨基酸铁络合物母猪繁殖性能哺乳仔猪生长皮肤颜色饲料添加剂

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应力激活电流与软化岩石

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国际地震动态 2011年第1期32卷 104-109页

作者： Freund F T Hoenig S A Braun A Dahlgren R P momayez m Chu J J 米琦（译）张琴琴（校） NASA Ames Research Center Earth Science Division Code SGE Moffett Field CA 94035 USA Department of Physics ＆ Astronomy San Jos6 State University San Jose CA 95192-0106 USA Carl Sagan Center The SETI Institute Mountain View CA 94043 USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 US Bose Corporation ElectroForce Systems Group 10250 Valley View Rd Eden Prairie MN 55344 USA Department of mining Geological Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 0012 USA Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 中国科学院研究生院地球科学学院

当岩石受到机械应力作用时,隐藏的电子缺陷就被激活。这种激活会产生通过释放高移动性的缺陷电子使岩石电导率增加的电子空穴对,相当于O2-点阵中存在的O-,叫做正空穴,用符号h.表示。这种电荷载体h.能够从受到应力作用的岩石中扩散到周... 详细信息

当岩石受到机械应力作用时,隐藏的电子缺陷就被激活。这种激活会产生通过释放高移动性的缺陷电子使岩石电导率增加的电子空穴对,相当于O2-点阵中存在的O-,叫做正空穴,用符号h.表示。这种电荷载体h.能够从受到应力作用的岩石中扩散到周围未受应力作用的岩石中。阻止h.流出改变了岩石的力学属性:使它们得到软化和弱化。进行中的研究针对与电荷载体h.相关的波函数的非定域作用,这种作用广泛影响到许多周围的O2-。尽管这种正空穴的数量密度可能低至千分之一,但实质上岩石子集中所有的O2-失去了一些电子密度。这种电子缺失会弱化阴阳离子间原子键的作用,从而影响到岩石的力学性质。

关键词：应力作用激活电流岩石软化电子空穴对电荷载体电子密度力学性质

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Evaluation of cancer treatment in the abdomen: Trends and advances

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World Journal of Radiology 2013年第3期5卷 126-142页

作者： Silanath Peungjesada Hubert H Chuang Srinivasa R Prasad Haesun Choi Evelyne m Loyer Yulia Bronstein Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Nuclear medicine University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Virtual Radiologic 11995 Singletree Ln Suite 500 Eden Prairie MN 55344 United States

Response evaluation in Oncology has relied primarily on change in tumor size. Inconsistent results in the prediction of clinical outcome when size based criteria are used and the increasing role of targeted and locoregional therapies have led to the development of new methods of response evaluation that are unrelated to change in tumor size. The goals of this review are to expose briefly the size based criteria and to present the non-size based approaches that are currently applicable in the clinical setting. Other paths that are still being explored are not discussed in details.

关键词： Evaluation Cancer treatment Abdomen

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