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44％of steep slope cropland in europe vulnerable to drought

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Spatial and temporal patterns of forest fires in the Central monte:relationships with regional climate

地理学与可持续性（英文） 2024年第1期5卷 89-95页

作者： Wendi Wang eugenio Straffelini Paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale dell'Università 16LegnaroPD 35020Italy

Steep-slope cropland plays a vital role in food production,economic development,ecosystem diversity,and eu-ropean cultural ***,these systems are susceptible to extreme weather *** 2022 summer drought significantly impacted european agriculture,but the specific effects on steep-slope crops remain *** this is essential for comprehending similar future events and for implementing effective water management strategies to ensure the sustainability of steep-slope agriculture and associated ecosystem *** study quantitatively analyzes the spatial distribution of twelve major european steep-slope(＞12％)crops and assesses agricultural drought severity during the 2022 events using open-access spatial *** satellite-based Vegetation Health Index(VHI)is utilized to identify critical *** show that olive grove is the most widespread crop in steep slope agriculture(34％of total area),followed by wheat(24％),maize(16％),and vineyard(11％).Almost half of the steep-slope agriculture in europe suffered drought during summer *** were hardest affected at 79％,primarily in northern Portugal,northern Spain,southern France,and central *** followed at 62％,mainly in Spain,central Italy,southern France,and northern *** groves ranked third at 59％,with the most impact in northern Portugal,southern and central Spain,and southern *** was also significantly affected at 54％.In this paper,we therefore highlight the need to increase steep-slope agriculture resilience by improving water management and promoting sustainable land practices.

关键词： Drought Steep slope cropland europe Sustainability

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ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 66-79页

作者： Pablo eugenio Villagra erica Cesca Leandro manuel Alvarez Silvia Delgado Ricardo Villalba Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales–CONICeT-CCT mendoza Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

Background Natural and anthropogenic wildfires burn large areas of arid and semi-arid forests with significant socio-economic and environmental impacts. Fire regimes are controlled by climate, vegetation type, and anthropogenic factors such as ignition sources and human-induced disturbances. Projections of climate and land-use change suggest that these controlling factors will change, altering fire regimes in the near future. In the southern Central monte, mendoza, Argentina, the factors that modulate the fire temporal and spatial variability are poorly understood. We reconstructed the fire history of southeast of mendoza from 1984 to 2023 and investigated the relationships between fire extent and climate variability at seasonal and interannual scales. Burned areas were determined using Google earth engine by processing Landsat 5-Tm, Landsat 7-eTm+, and Landsat 8-OLI-TIRS sensor *** The region exhibited high spatial and temporal variability in fire occurrence, being a mosaic of areas with different fire histories and recovery times. Between 1985 and 2023, fire recurrence ranged from sites unburned to sites with up to 14 fires. The occurrence of large fires was strongly favored by a combination of a year with abundant spring–early summer precipitation, which favors fuel accumulation, followed by a year of low spring–early summer precipitation. Precipitation and burnt area showed a very pronounced 6–7 year cycle, suggesting a dominant climatic control on fire *** Fire distribution in southeastern mendoza forests is not homogeneous, resulting in a mosaic of patches with different fire histories. This heterogeneity may be related to vegetation patterns and land use. The temporal variability of fires is strongly influenced by climate variability, which would promote fuel production and subsequent drying. Large fires are concentrated in periods of high interannual precipitation variability. Climate change scenarios predict an increase in tem

关键词： Fire recurrence Fire mapping Recovery time Climate Dry forest Wildfire

Time and Space efficient multi-model Convolution Vision Transformer for Tomato Disease Detection from Leaf Images with Varied Backgrounds

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 117-142页

作者： Ankita Gangwar Vijaypal Singh Dhaka Geeta Rani Shrey Khandelwal ester Zumpano eugenio Vocaturo Department of Computer and Communication engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of IoT and Intelligent Systems Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of Computer engineering ModellingElectronics and Systems(DIMES)University of CalabriaRende(Cosenza)Italy National Research Council Institute of Nanotechnology(NANOTEC)Rende(Cosenza)Italy

A consumption of 46.9 million tons of processed tomatoes was reported in 2022 which is merely 20%of the total *** increase of 3.3%in consumption is predicted from 2024 to *** are also rich in iron,potassium,antioxidant lycopene,vitamins A,C and K which are important for preventing cancer,and maintaining blood pressure and glucose ***,tomatoes are globally important due to their widespread usage and nutritional *** face the high demand for tomatoes,it is mandatory to investigate the causes of crop loss and minimize *** are one of the major causes that adversely affect crop yield and degrade the quality of the tomato *** leads to financial losses and affects the livelihood of ***,automatic disease detection at any stage of the tomato plant is a critical *** learning models introduced in the literature show promising results,but the models are difficult to implement on handheld devices such as mobile phones due to high computational costs and a large number of ***,most of the models proposed so far work efficiently for images with plain backgrounds where a clear demarcation exists between the background and leaf ***,the existing techniques lack in recognizing multiple diseases on the same *** address these concerns,we introduce a customized deep learning-based convolution vision transformer *** achieves an accuracy of 93.51%for classifying tomato leaf images with plain as well as complex backgrounds into 13 *** requires a space storage of merely 5.8 mB which is 98.93%,98.33%,and 92.64%less than stateof-the-art visual geometry group,vision transformers,and convolution vision transformermodels,*** training time of 44 min is 51.12%,74.12%,and 57.7%lower than the above-mentioned ***,it can be deployed on(Internet of Things)IoT-enabled devices,drones,or mobile devices to assist farmers in the real-time monitoring of tomato *** p

关键词： Tomato disease transformer deep learning mobile devices

Virtual Transmission Solution Based on Battery energy Storage Systems to Boost Transmission Capacity

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2024年第2期12卷 466-474页

作者： matías Agüero Jaime Peralta eugenio Quintana Victor Velar Anton Stepanov Hossein Ashourian Jean mahseredjian Roberto Cárdenas Coordinador eléctrico Nacional SantiagoChile PGSTech Montreal Canada ecole Polytechnique de montréal Montréal Canada University of Chile Santiago Chile Ieee

The increasing penetration of variable renewable energy(VRe)generation along with the decommissioning of conventional power plants in Chile,has raised several operational challenges in the Chilean National Power Grid(NPG),including transmission congestion and VRe *** mitigate these limitations,an innovative virtual transmission solution based on battery energy storage systems(BeSSs),known as grid booster(GB),has been proposed to increase the capacity of the main 500 kV corridor of the *** paper analyzes the dynamic performance of the GB using a wide-area electromagnetic transient(emT)model of the *** GB project,composed of two 500 mVA BeSS units at each extreme of the 500 kV corridor,allows increasing the transmission capacity for 15 min during N-1 contingencies,overcoming transmission limitations under normal operation conditions while maintaining system stability during *** dynamic behavior of the GB is also analyzed to control power flow as well as voltage *** results show that the GB is an effective solution to allow greater penetration of VRe generation while maintaining system stability in the NPG.

关键词： Battery energy storage system(BeSS) grid booster transient stability voltage stability electromagnetic transient(emT)

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Trio in a Triangle

China Today 2024年第2期73卷 21-23页

作者： eugenio BReGOLAT 不详

europe should use its moderating power to prevent *** from spiralling into open confrontation.W HeReVeR we look,understanding and cooperation among states is indispensable,be it to keep peace in the world,maintain economic progress or confront global challenges beginning with climate change and ending with artificial *** between the two great powers of our time,the United States and China,is of the essence.

关键词： peace maintain artificial

enhanced quantum resources via two distant atom-cavity systems under the influence of atomic dissipation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 62-73页

作者： m Setodeh Kheirabady m K Tavassoly m Rafeie e Ghasemian Laser and Optics Group Faculty of PhysicsYazd UniversityYazd 89195-741Iran Department of electrical engineering Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data SciencePersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran

Quantum resources such as entanglement and coherence are the holy grail for modern quantum technologies. Although the unwanted environmental effects tackle quantum information processing tasks, suprisingly these key quantum resources may be protected and even enhanced by the implementation of some special hybrid open quantum systems. Here, we aim to show how a dissipative atom-cavity-system can be accomplished to generate enhanced quantum *** do so, we consider a couple of dissipative cavities, where each one contains two effective two-level atoms interacting with a single-mode cavity field. In practical applications, a classical laser field may be applied to drive each atomic subsystem. After driving the system, a Bell-state measurement is performed on the output of the system to quantify the entanglement and coherence. The obtained results reveal that the remote entanglement and coherence between the atoms existing inside the two distant cavities are not only enhanced, but can be stabilized, even under the action of dissipation. In contrast, the local entanglement between two atoms inside each dissipative cavity attenuates due to the presence of unwanted environmental ***, the local coherence may show the same behavior as the remote ***, the system provides the steady state entanglement in various interaction regimes,particularly in the strong atom-cavity coupling and with relatively large detuning. more interestingly, our numerical analyses demonstrate that the system may show a memory effect due to the fact that the death and revival of the entanglement take place during the interaction. Our proposed model may find potential applications for the implementation of long distance quantum networks. In particular, it facilitates the distribution of quantum resources between the nodes of large-scale quantum networks for secure communication.

关键词： remote entanglement and coherence atomic dissipation steady state entanglement Bell-statemeasurement

The formation and growth mechanisms of young back-arc spreading ridges from high-resolution bathymetry:The marsili Seamount(Tyrrhenian Sea,Italy)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 325-338页

作者： eugenio Nicotra Salvatore Passaro Guido Ventura Dipartimento di Biologia ecologia e Scienze della Terra Universitàdella Calabria87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenzaItaly Istituto di Scienze marine CNR 80133 NapoliItaly Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia 00143 RomaItaly Istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilitáin ambiente marino CNR 91026 Capo GranitolaTrapaniItaly

The formation and growth mechanisms of mid-Ocean Ridges(mOR)are relatively well known,whereas those of back-arc spreading ridges are comparatively less known because geophysical,geochemical,and morphological data are scarce and of low *** we present a high-resolution bathymetry of the marsili Seamount(mS;1 ma-3 ka),which represents the inflated spreading ridge of the 2 ma old marsili back-arc basin associated to the subduction of the Ionian Sea below the Calabrian Arc and Tyrrhenian *** is 70 km long,30 km wide,and its height reaches about 3000 m from surrounding *** new digital bathymetric model has a 5 m grid cell size resolution and covers the mS bathymetry from-1670 mbsl to the top at-491 *** conduct morphometric and morphological analyses of the bathymetry and recognize landforms due to volcanic,tectonic,hydrothermal and gravity *** consists of volcanoes related to fissural and central-type activity,this latter located at the northern and southern tips of the main dike *** swarms represent the surface expression of different ridge segments whose strikes are controlled by the larger scale back-arc spreading processes and by the local occurrence of an active hydrothermal *** latter develops in a flat area between two partly overlapping ridge segments where historical volcanism and extensional processes *** ridges represent the embryonic stage of the formation of transform-like *** volcanoes,the northern of which is characterized by a caldera,form at the tips of mS because the decrease in width of the major volcanic fissures promotes vent localization associated with the formation of sill-like reservoirs from which central-type vents may *** processes affecting the mS flanks are due to shallow seafloor *** collapses affecting the northernmost central-type polygenic volcano must be included in the evaluation of the hazard related to potential *** dipping faul

关键词： Back-arc spreading ridge morphology Tectonics Volcanism marsili seamount

Converting TRex-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:methodology and initial results

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.m.Gillies e.Spanswick e.F.Donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region explorer(TRex)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a TRex-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the TRex mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the TRex spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the TRex-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is found to be *** conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TRex-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SmILe ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TRex RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan V A Harutynyan e m Kazaryan H A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is *** charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into ***,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of *** calculate the canonical partition function using the energy levels of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron *** thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states