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Geochemistry of metasedimentary rocks of the Sonakhan and mahakoshal greenstone belts,Central India:Implications for paleoweathering,paleogeography and mechanisms of greenstone belt development

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第1期41卷 64-83页

作者： Hamidullah Wani m.e.a.mondal Iftikhar Ahmad Department of Geology Government Degree College for Women PulwamaJammu and Kashmir 192301India Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhUttar Pradesh 202002India

A comparative study of the Precambrian Sonakhan(SGB)and mahakoshal(mGB)greenstones belts of Central India has been undertaken to decipher their provenance,paleoweathering,paleogeography,and *** compared to the Upper Continental Crust(UCC),the mGB samples are enriched while the SGB samples are depleted in mafic elements indicating the presence of mafic rocks in the source of the *** is complemented by the Ni–Cr *** Ree concentrations,LRee fractionated patterns and negative eu anomalies of the mGB and SGB samples indicate derivation of sediments from a highly fractionated granitic *** mGB samples also contain the geochemical signature of mafic rocks,it is,therefore proposed that the mGB clastic load were derived from two sources(mafic+felsic)with arc *** is attested by Cr and Zr relationships,and LILe enrichment,and HFSe *** features suggest that the SGB developed as autochthonous while the mGB developed as an allochthonous *** chemical alteration indices such as chemical index of alteration(CIA),plagioclase index of alteration(PIA),and index of compositional variability for mGB samples indicate that they were dominantly derived as the first cycle(with minor recycled)sediments from bimodal sources(dominantly continental arcs)by intense chemical weathering as compared to the SGB samples,which were derived from felsic sources(dominantly cratonic rocks),and partly by recycling through a low chemical *** CIA and PIA values of the samples reveal a change in the climatic conditions from Late Archean to Late *** change is interpreted in terms of migration of the Indian plate from high latitudes in the Late Archean to lower latitudes during the Late *** is consistent with the paleomagnetic data that placed India in the configuration of 2.45 Ga Ur and 1.78 Ga Columbia supercontinents.

关键词： Central Indian Shield Sonakhan and mahakoshal greenstone belts Paleoweathering and paleogeography Greenstone belt development

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Geochemical evolution of the mangalwar Complex,Aravalli Craton,NW India:Insights from elemental and Nd-isotope geochemistry of the basement gneisses

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 931-942页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad m.e.a.mondal Rajneesh Bhutani m.Satyanarayanan Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India Department of earth Sciences Pondicherry UniversityPuducherry 605014India CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007India

The Banded Gneissic Complex(BGC) of the Aravalli Craton is divided into BGC-I and BGC-Ⅱ; the BGC-Ⅱ(central Rajasthan) is comprised of the Sandmata Complex and the mangalwar Complex. We report elemental and Nd-isotope geochemistry of basement gneisses of the mangalwar Complex and constrain its origin and evolution. Geochemically, the basement gneisses have been classified as low-SiO_2 gneisses(LSG) and high-SiO_2 gneisses(HSG). Both the LSG and HSG are potassic, calc-alkaline and peraluminous in nature. The LSG are enriched in incompatible(K, Sr, Ba, large ion lithophile elements) and compatible elements(mgO, Cr, and Ni). They display fractionated rare earth element patterns(***_N/Yb_N=12.1)with small eu-anomaly(δeu=0.9), and exhibit negative anomalies of Nb and Ti in primitive mantlenormalized multi-element diagram. In terms of Nd-isotope geochemistry, the LSG are characterized by_(εNd)(t)=4.2 and depleted mantle model age of 3.3 Ga. To account for these geochemical characteristics we propose a three-stage petrogenetic model for the LSG:(1) fluids released from dehydration of subducting slab metasomatised the mantle-wedge;(2) the subducting slab underwent slab-breakoff causing upwelling and decompression melting of the asthenosphere during waning stage of subduction; and(3)upwelling asthenosphere provided the requisite heat for partial melting of the metasomatised mantlewedge leading to generation of the LSG parental magma. Asthenospheric upwelling also contributed in the LSG petrogenesis which is evident from its high mg#(avg. 0.53). The LSG formed in this way are contemporary and chemically akin to sanukitoids of the BGC-I and Archean sanukitoids reported elsewhere. This provides a basis to consider the LSG as a part of the BGC-I. Contrary to the LSG, the HSG are depleted in compatible elements(mgO=avg. 1.1 wt.%; Cr=avg. 8 ppm; Ni=avg. 6 ppm) but enriched in incompatible elements(Sr=avg. 239 ppm, Ba=avg. 469 ppm). Its_(εNd)(t) values vary from-9.5 ***

关键词： Aravalli Craton mangalwar Complex Nd-isotope geochemistry Grey gneisses Sanukitoid High-K granitoids

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Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Paleoproterozoic orthogneisses and granitoids of the Banded Gneissic Complex,central Rajasthan,NW India:Implications for crustal reworking processes

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第2期42卷 373-386页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad T.P.Abdul Latheef m.e.a.mondal Ismail S.Hamidullah Kamaal Parvez Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhU.P 202002India Department of earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

Granitoids and orthogneisses(1.7 Ga)from the northern part of the Banded Gneissic Complex(BGC-II domain),Aravalli Craton(NW India)are geochemically analyzed to understand the geodynamic condition and crustal evolution *** samples are metaluminous to peraluminous(molar A/CNK:0.74±2.12),and characterized by eu-anomaly ranging from 0.17 to 1.06,Fe_(2)O_(3)^(T)/(Fe_(2)O_(3)^(T)+mgO)from 0.8 to 0.9 and high magmatic zircon saturation temperature(>830°C)which are the features suggestive of A-type granite *** discrimination diagrams classify the samples as post-collisional extensional A2-type *** characteristics along with trace element ratios[(Y/Nb)_(N)=0.15 to 4.33(avg.0.76),(Th/Nb)_(N)=4.63 to 255.47(avg.63.13),(Th/Ta)_(N)=1.37 to 9.84(avg.8.86),(Ce/Pb)_(N)=0.05 to 3.05(avg.1.43)]indicate that the rocks were derived from a plagioclase-rich and garnet-free crustal source under lowpressure ***,it is also proposed that tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite(TTG)rocks which occur dominantly in southern Rajasthan(BGC-I)are precursors and their partial melting led to the generation of the studied A-type granite *** studied samples also bear close geochemical similarity with A-type granites of similar age(1.7 Ga)near the Sakhun-Ladera region of northern *** studied A-type granites are believed to be coeval to similar aged A-type granites of the Khetri and Alwar sub-basins of the North Delhi Fold Belt(NDFB).They are comparable in age and magmatic history to recorded A-type magmatism in North America and parts of the Chinese *** large geographical extents of synchronous A-type granites are proposed to be related to the Columbia Supercontinent assembly(ca.1.7 Ga;postcollisional granites).Thus,based on the studied extensional granites,we surmise that BGC-II was part of the Columbia Supercontinent.

关键词： Banded Gneissic Complex(BGC II) Aravalli Craton A-type granites Orthogneisses Rifting of Columbia

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Slope mass rating and kinematic analysis of slopes along the national highway-58 near Jonk, Rishikesh, India

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2015年第5期7卷 600-606页

作者： Tariq Siddique m.masroor Alam m.e.a.mondal V.Vishal Department of earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim University Department of Civil engineering Aligarh Muslim University

The ro ad n etw o rk in th e H im alayan terrain , connecting re m o te areas e ith e r in th e valleys o r on th e hillslopes, plays a pivotal role in socio-econom ic d e v elo p m en t ofIn d ia. The planning, d ev elo p m en t an d evenm ain ten an ce o f ro ad an d rail netw o rk s in such precarious terrain s are alw ays a challenging task becauseo f com plexities p osed by topography, geological stru ctu res, varied lithology an d neotectonics. Increasingp o p u latio n an d c o n stru ctio n o f roads have led to destab ilisatio n o f slopes, th u s leading to m ass w astingand m ovem ent, fu rth e r aggravation d u e to recen t events o f cloud bu rsts and u n p re c e d e n te d flash floods.V ulnerability analysis o f slopes is an im p o rta n t co m p o n e n t for th e ＂Landslide H azard A ssessm ent＂ and＂Slope mass C h aracterisation＂ guide p lan n ers to p red ict an d choose suitable w ays for c o n stru ctio n ofroads and o th e r en g in eerin g stru ctu res. The pro b lem o f landslides along th e n ational highw ay-58 （NH-58） from Rishikesh to D evprayag is a co m m o n scene. The slopes along th e NH-58 b e tw e e n Jonk andRishikesh w ere investigated, w h ich experienced v ery heavy traffic especially from m arch to A ugust dueto pilgrim age to K edarnath shrine. On th e basis o f slope m ass rating （SmR） investigation, th e area falls instable class, an d landslide susceptibility score （LSS） values also indicate th a t th e slopes u n d e r investigationfall in low to m o d erate v ulnerability to landslide. more atte n tio n s should be paid to th e slopes toachieve g reater safe an d econom ic b enefits along th e highw ay.

关键词： Slope mass rating(SmR) Kinematic analysis Landslide susceptibility score(LSS) Vulnerability to landslide

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Current perspectives and the future of disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 12-21页

作者： Sunetra mondal Joseph m Pappachan Department of endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Department of endocrinology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal 576104India

Use of immunomodulating agents to prevent the progression of autoimmuneβ-cell damage leading to type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1Dm)is an interesting area for *** include non-specific anti-inflammatory agents,immunologic vaccination and anti-inflammatory agents targeting specific immune cells or *** is an anti-CD3-molecule that binds to and leads to the disappearance of the CD3/TCR complex and rendering the T cell anergic to its target *** and clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing the decline in serum C-peptide levels and the need for insulin therapy if used early in the disease process of *** benefits have been apparent as early as six months to as long as seven years after *** has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to delay the onset of clinical(stage 3)type 1 diabetes in children above 8 years of *** their recent metaanalysis published in the World Journal of Diabetes,ma et al found that those in the teplizumab treatment group have a greater likelihood of reduction in insulin use,change in C-peptide response,and better glycemic control compared to the control group with a good safety ***,all the included randomized control trials have been conducted in high-income *** cost of therapy and unknown utility of the molecule in stage 3 disease limit its widespread use.

关键词： Teplizumab Type 1 diabetes mellitus Disease modifying therapy β-cell function C-peptide Immunotherapy

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A Computational modeling on Flow Bifurcation and energy Distribution through a Loosely Bent Rectangular Duct with Vortex Structure

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Frontiers in Heat and mass Transfer 2025年第1期23卷 249-278页

作者： Rabindra Nath mondal Giulio Lorenzini Sidhartha Bhowmick Sreedham Chandra Adhikari Department of mathematics Jagannath University Dhaka 1100 Bangladesh Department of Industrial Systems and Technologies engineering University of Parma Parma 43124 Italy Department of mechanical and Aerospace engineering Monash University Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia

The present study investigates the non-isothermal flow and energy distribution through a loosely bent rectangular duct using a spectral-based numerical approach over a wide range of the Dean number 0 e previous research, this work offers novel insights by conducting a grid-point-specific velocity analysis and identifying new bifurcation structures. The study reveals how centrifugal and buoyancy forces interact to produce steady, periodic, and chaotic flow regimes significantly influencing heat transfer performance. The Newton-Raphson method is employed to explore four asymmetric steady branches, with vortex solutions ranging from 2- to 12 vortices. Unsteady flow characteristics are analyzed exquisitely by performing time-advancement of the solutions and the flow regimes are shown as a percentage of total flow with longitudinal vortex generation. Axial flow, secondary flow, and temperature profiles have been depicted in accordance with Dn to wander the flow pattern, and it is predicted that the time-dependent flow (TDF) consists of asymmetric 2- to 10-vortex solutions. The significant findings of this study include the axial displacement of the circulations due to the influence of the time-varying temperature dispersal applied along the wall. Chaotic flows, which dominate the higher Dean number range, are shown to enhance heat convection due to increased fluid mixing. A detailed comparison with prior research demonstrates the advantages of this approach, particularly in capturing complex non-linear behaviors. The findings of this study provide practical guidelines for optimizing duct designs to maximize heat transfer and suggest future research directions, such as using nanofluids or studying magneto-hydrodynamics in the same configuration.

关键词： Bending duct steady solutions time-advancement energy distribution vortex

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A simple method for automatic recreation of railway horizontal alignments

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Railway engineering Science 2025年第1期33卷 62-78页

作者： Alberte Castro Gerardo Casal Duarte Santamarina miguel e.Vázquez‑méndez Transportation and Infrastructure engineering Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaEPSERúa Benigno Ledo27002 LugoSpain Department of Applied mathematics Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaEPSERúa Benigno Ledo27002 LugoSpain CITmAga Rúa de Constantino Candeira15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain

This paper deals with the problem of recreating horizontal alignments of existing railway *** main objective is to propose a simple method for automatically obtaining optimized recreated alignments located as close as possible to an existing *** on a previously defined geometric model,two different constrained optimization problems are *** first problem uses only the information provided by a set of points representing the track centerline while the second one also considers additional data about the existing *** proposed methodology consists of a two-stage process in which both problems are solved consecutively using numerical *** main results obtained applying this methodology are presented to show its performance and to prove its practical usefulness:an academic example used to compare with other methods,and a case study of a railway section located in Parga(Spain)in which the geometry of its horizontal alignment is successfully recovered.

关键词： Railway horizontal alignment Geometrical model Constrained optimization problem Numerical resolution

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A Cost-effective Flood Warning System for Small Urban Basins

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Journal of earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 307-313页

作者： Robert e.Criss eric m.Stein Department of earth and Planetary Sciences Washington UniversitySt.Louis MO 63130USA

An effective warning system for flash floods along the upper River des Peres, a small urban stream in eastern missouri, USA, is based on three enterprise-level, automated rain *** floods in this 25 km~2 basin develop rapidly and are commonly caused by small but intense thunderstorm cells, these rain gauges were necessarily deployed within the watershed, and immediate telemetry and processing of rainfall delivered in 5-minute intervals is required. Available data show that damaging floods in this area occur only 30 min to 3 h following the delivery of 38 mm of rainfall or more in a single hour. Water levels along this stream can rise more than 3 m/h. Since full deployment in Nov. 2021, our system has successfully predicted 3 significant floods with one false positive.

关键词： urban floods flood warning water levels hydrology

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Hunting for a viral proxy in bioaerosols of swine buildings using molecular detection and metagenomics

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 69-78页

作者： Valérie Létourneau marie-Josée Gagné Jonathan m.Vyskocil Vincent Brochu Kim Robitaille martin Gauthier Julie Brassard Caroline Duchaine Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre-UniversitéLaval 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecG1V 4G5Canada Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada3600 Casavant Boulevard WestSaint-HyacintheJ2S 8E3Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiologyand Bio-informaticsFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversitéLaval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecG1V 0A6Canada The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universitéde Montréal3200 Rue SicotteSaint-HyacintheJ2S 2M2Canada

There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in *** effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are *** and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious *** particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air *** DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput *** astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air *** torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,microviridae,myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were *** phage vB_Avim_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_Avim_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.

关键词： Bioaerosols Viral metagenomics Astrovirus Aerococcus phage Swine buildings

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modeling net-charge fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 281-289页

作者： G.O.Ambaryan A.S.Chernyshov G.Kh.eyyubova V.L.Korotkikh I.P.Lokhtin S.V.Petrushanko A.m.Snigirev e.e.Zabrodin Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchRU-141980 DubnaRussia Department of Physics University of OsloN-0316 OsloNorway

Analysis of Pb+Pb data for net-charge fluctuations at LHC energies using the HYDJeT++model is *** strongly intensive quantities D and Σ were used to remove the effects related to system volume *** employed two versions of HYDJeT++for the *** first one is the standard or default version,whereas the second one is a modification that takes into account explicit event-by-event conservation of the electric net-charge of produced *** inclusion of the canonical net-charge conservation in the model allows for better description of the experimental data obtained by the ALICe and CmS Collaborations.A comparison with calculations from other models is also presented.

关键词： relativistic heavy-ion collisions net-charge fluctuations strongly intensive variables canonical charge conservation

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