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A Tutorial on Federated learning from Theory to Practice:Foundations,Software Frameworks,Exemplary Use Cases,and Selected Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 824-850页

作者： m.Victoria luzón Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso Alberto Argente-Garrido daniel Jiménez-lópez Jose m.moyano Javier del Ser Weiping ding Francisco Herrera department of Software Engineering Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence(DaSCI)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain department of Communications Engineering University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)and also with TECNALIABasque Research&Technology Alliance(BRTA)Spain School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

When data privacy is imposed as a necessity,Federated learning(Fl)emerges as a relevant artificial intelligence field for developing machine learning(ml)m.dels in a distributed and decentralized *** allows ml m.dels to be trained on local devices without any need for centralized data transfer,thereby reducing both the exposure of sensitive data and the possibility of data interception by malicious third *** paradigm has gained momentum in the last few years,spurred by the plethora of real-world applications that have leveraged its ability to improve the efficiency of distributed learning and to accomm.date numerous participants with their data *** virtue of Fl,m.dels can be learned from all such distributed data sources while preserving data *** aim of this paper is to provide a practical tutorial on Fl,including a short methodology and a systematic analysis of existing software ***,our tutorial provides exemplary cases of study from three complementary perspectives:i)Foundations of Fl,describing the main components of Fl,from key elements to Fl categories;ii)Implementation guidelines and exemplary cases of study,by systematically examining the functionalities provided by existing software frameworks for Fl deployment,devising a methodology to design a Fl scenario,and providing exemplary cases of study with source code for different ml approaches;and iii)Trends,shortly reviewing a non-exhaustive list of research directions that are under active investigation in the current Fl *** ultimate purpose of this work is to establish itself as a referential work for researchers,developers,and data scientists willing to explore the capabilities of Fl in practical applications.

关键词： data privacy distributed machine learning federated learning software frameworks

Exact solutions for magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow and heat transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： U.S.mahabaleshwar G.P.Vanitha l.m.Pérez Em.d H.Aly I.Pop department of Studies in mathematics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile department of mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt department of mathematics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the magnetohydrodynamic impact on the axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked *** the use of partial differential equations and the corresponding thermophysical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using the suitable similarity *** transform.d differential equations are solved *** of the magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretching/shrinking parameter on momentum and temperature distribution have been analyzed and interpreted *** skin friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for the shrinking sheet and unique solution for the stretching ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanofluid flow has better thermal conductivity on comparing with Cu/H_(2)O ***,it was found that the first solutions of the stream are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid stretching/shrinking sheet axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

Epidemiology of insertional and m.dportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 256-263页

作者： Wenbo Chen Kyra l.A.Cloosterman Sita m.A.Bierma-Zeinstra marienke van m.ddelkoop Robert-Jan de Vos department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports m.dicine Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands department of General Practice Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands department of Sports m.dicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT)is a common problem among *** is only limited evidence for risk factors for AT,and most studies have not defined the AT *** study has compared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and m.dportion AT,though they are considered *** study aim.d to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from a large prospective *** secondary aim was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional and m.dportion ***:Participants were recruited from among registered runners at registration for running *** were completed at baseline,1 month before the event,1 week before the event,and 1 month after the *** concerning demographics,training load,registered events,and running-related injuries were collected at *** follow-up questionnaires collected information about new injuries.A pain map was used to diagnose m.dportion and insertional *** primary outcome was the incidence of *** logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for the ***:We included 3379 participants with a mean follow-up of 20.4 *** incidence of AT was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional AT was 27.7%and of m.dportion AT was 63.8%;the remaining proportion was a combined type of insertional and m.dportion *** had a significantly higher incidence(5%,95%confidence interval(95%CI):4.1%-6.0%)than women(2.8%,95%CI:2.0%-3.8%).AT in the past12 months was the most predominant risk factor for new-onset AT(odds ratio(OR)=6.47,95%CI:4.27-9.81).This was similar for both subcategories of AT(insertional:OR=5.45,95%CI:2.51-11.81;m.dportion:OR=6.96,95%CI:4.24-11.40).Participants registering for an event with a distance of 10/10.55 km were less likely to develop a new-onset AT(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.36-0.97)or m.dportion AT(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.93).Higher age had a significant negative association with insertional AT(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.9

关键词： Achilles tendon injury Incidence Risk factor Running-related injury

One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)li,^(5)li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-long Zhang Zhen-Wei Jiao Guang-Xin Zhang E.N.Cardozo B.Paes Shi-Peng Hu Jian-Qiang Qian daniele mengoni Wei-Wei Qu Cong-Bo li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin Sun Nan Wang Chun-lei Zhang J.J.Valiente-dobón d.Testov m.mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo d.Pierroutsakou m.la Commara A.Goasduff d.Bazzacco d.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin Gde Angelis m.Siciliano R.menegazzo S.m.lenzi S.Akkoyun l.F.Canto J.lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil laboratorio TANdAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Research and manufacture of High Purity Germanium materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly State Key laboratory of Radiation m.dicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key laboratory of Beam Technology and material m.dification of ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China laboratori Nazionali di legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly department of Natural and mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 meV using the in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states,which were employed to determine the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the^(6)li+^(209)Bi system,but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was perform.d to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism,and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)li,^(5)li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei Cross section

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巴西油气勘探开发历程:从陆上到超深水

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 796-806页

作者： ANJOS Sylvia m C SOmBRA Cristiano l SPAdINI Adali R 巴西国家石油公司里约热内卢20231-030巴西

21世纪以来,随着桑托斯盆地深水盐下获得一系列重大油气发现,巴西东部海域成为全球深水油气勘探与生产的热点区域。通过全面回顾巴西油气勘探开发历程,系统阐述了从陆上到海域、从浅水到深水—超深水直至盐下勘探的探索实践、战略转变... 详细信息

21世纪以来,随着桑托斯盆地深水盐下获得一系列重大油气发现,巴西东部海域成为全球深水油气勘探与生产的热点区域。通过全面回顾巴西油气勘探开发历程,系统阐述了从陆上到海域、从浅水到深水—超深水直至盐下勘探的探索实践、战略转变、重大突破和关键理论技术。巴西国家石油公司(简称巴西国油)自1953年成立以后的15年间,在陆上古生界克拉通盆地和断陷盆地进行了勘探,并于断块和三角洲砂体圈闭获得了一些中小型油气发现。20世纪70年代,应用重力流沉积模式和高质量三维地震等勘探新技术,在坎波斯盆地浅水中发现Namorado和Enchova等油田,随后深水盐上勘探获得突破,成功发现marlim、Roncador等大型油田。21世纪初,通过盐下含油气系统、碳酸盐岩成储成藏模式和核磁共振测井等理论技术攻关,推动桑托斯盆地下白垩统湖相碳酸盐岩陆续获得Tupi(lula)、Buzios、mero等世界级超深水盐下大油田的系列重大发现。在复杂的深水作业环境下,油气开发工程面临巨大挑战,巴西国油通过启动深水研发计划(PROCAP),开发并实施窄压力窗口控压钻井、加压钻井液帽钻井、多段智能完井、水下采油及浮式生产平台开发和流动保障等关键技术,显著提升了钻完井、油气田开发和输运的效率及安全性。此外,在浮式采储卸油系统建产规模受限的情况下,推进全球最大规模的CO_(2)捕集、驱油利用与埋存工程(CCUS-EOR),有效减少温室气体排放并提高了原油采收率。上述理论技术的发展和应用,也为全球深水油气勘探开发提供了宝贵经验。未来巴西油气勘探将继续聚焦深水盐下碳酸盐岩和盐上浊积岩,并在古生界天然气等勘探领域持续寻求新的发现,同时通过技术创新和战略合作,促进巴西石油天然气行业的可持续发展。

关键词：巴西深水盐下勘探坎波斯盆地桑托斯盆地浊积岩湖相碳酸盐岩深水开发流动保障

Fast efficient photon deceleration in plasmas by using two laser pulses at different frequencies

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： Y.X.Wang X.l.Zhu S.m.Weng P.li X.F.li H.Ai H.R.Pan Z.m.Sheng Key laboratory for laser Plasmas(moe) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Center of laser Fusion of China Academy of Engineering Physics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key laboratory of High Field laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the m.d-infrared(m.d-IR)to terahertz(THz)range is of interest for applications in a number of fields,from fundamental research to biology and *** conventional laser technology,photon deceleration in plasma wakes provides an alternative approach to the generation of ultrashort m.d-IR or THz ***,we present a photon deceleration scheme for the efficient generation of ultrashort m.d-IR or THz pulses by using an intense driver laser pulse with a relatively short wavelength and a signal laser pulse with a relatively long *** signal pulse trails the driver pulse with an appropriate time delay such that it sits at the front of the second wake bubble that is driven by the driver *** to its relatively long wavelength,the signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of the refractive index in the plasma wake ***,the photon deceleration in the plasma wake becomes faster and more efficient for signal pulses with longer *** greatly enhances the capacity and efficiency of photon deceleration in the generation of ultrashort high-power light sources in the long-wavelength IR and THz spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrashort photon

Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport membranes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： marwan laqdiem Julio García-Fayos laura Almar Alfonso J.Carrillo Álvaro Represa Josém.lópez Nieto Sonia Escolástico david Catalán-martinez Jose m.Serra Instituto de Tecnología Química(Universitat Politècnica de València–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biomass and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OTms)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OTms could provide oxygen from.different sources(air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTms can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OTm material(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the emerging Joule effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OTm is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes was~3.7 Nml min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OTm non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depositing a porous Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane surface revealed that lower surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed electric ***,the electrification concept was demonstrated in a catalytic membrane reactor(CmR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(OdHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching m.derate temperatures in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes Joule effect mixed ionic-electronic conductors Catalytic membrane reactors

liquid biopsy for gastric cancer:Techniques,applications,and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1680-1705页

作者： Cristina díaz del Arco m Jesús Fernández Aceñero luis Ortega m.dina department of Surgical Pathology Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San CarlosHospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid 28040Spain department of legal m.dicine Psychiatry and PathologyUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain

After the study of circulating tumor cells in blood through liquid biopsy(lB),this technique has evolved to encompass the analysis of multiple materials originating from the tumor,such as nucleic acids,extracellular vesicles,tumor-educated platelets,and other ***,research has extended to include the examination of samples other than blood or plasma,such as saliva,gastric juice,urine,or *** techniques are diverse,intricate,and *** must be highly sensitive,and pre-analytical,patient,and tumor-related factors significantly influence the detection threshold,diagnostic method selection,and potential ***,the implementation of lB in clinical practice still faces several *** potential applications of lB range from early cancer detection to guiding targeted therapy or immunotherapy in both early and advanced cancer cases,monitoring treatment response,early identification of relapses,or assessing patient *** the other hand,gastric cancer(GC)is a disease often diagnosed at advanced *** recent advances in molecular understanding,the currently available treatment options have not substantially improved the prognosis for many of these *** application of lB in GC could be highly valuable as a non-invasive method for early diagnosis and for enhancing the management and outcomes of these *** this comprehensive review,from a pathologist’s perspective,we provide an overview of the main options available in lB,delve into the fundamental principles of the most studied techniques,explore the potential utility of lB application in the context of GC,and address the obstacles that need to be overcome in the future to make this innovative technique a game-changer in cancer diagnosis and treatment within clinical practice.

关键词： liquid biopsy Gastric cancer Circulating tumor cells Cell-free dNA Circulating tumor dNA molecular

Sarcopenic obesity in patients awaiting liver transplant: Unique challenges for nutritional recommendations

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 40-47页

作者： darya m Herscovici Katherine m Cooper Alessandro Colletta michelle Rightmyer Alexandra Shingina lauren d Feld department of m.dicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States division of Transplant Nutrition UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States department of m.dicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37215United States division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Sarcopenic obesity increases the risk of mortality in patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation and in the post-transplant *** recommendations for individuals with sarcopenia differ from recommendations for patients with obesity or sarcopenic *** these nutrition guidelines have been established in non-cirrhotic patients,established guidelines for liver transplant candidates with sarcopenic obesity are *** this paper,we review existing literature on sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic liver disease and address opportunities to improve nutritional counseling in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

关键词： Nutrition Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity liver transplant Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease Body composition myostatin