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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.molloy D.Raffestin m.Alonzo g.g.Rapisarda D.Lattuada g.L.guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli g.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere m.cipria.i.g.di giorgio g.Cristofari R.De Angelis g.A.P.Cirrone D.margarone L.giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers intenses et Applications(CELiA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di ingegneria industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELi Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSiA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Compact and effective photon-resolved image scanning microscope

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 84-95页

作者： giorgio Tortarolo Alessandro Zunino Simonluca Piazza mattia Donato Sabrina Zappone Agnieszka Pierzyńska-mach marco Castello giuseppe Vicidomini istituto italiano di Tecnologia Molecular Microscopy and SpectroscopyGenoaItaly genoa instruments GenoaItaly University of genoa Dipartimento di InformaticaBioingegneriaRobotica e Ingegneria dei SistemiGenoaItaly istituto italiano di Tecnologia Nanoscopy and NIC@IITGenoaItaly École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Laboratory of Experimental BiophysicsLausanneSwitzerland

Fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy(LSm)is one of the most popular tools for life science *** popularity is expected to grow thanks to single-photon array detectors tailored for *** detectors offer unique single-photon spatiotemporal information,opening new perspectives for gentle and quantitative superresolution ***,a flawless recording of this information poses significant challenges for the microscope data acquisition(DAQ)*** present a DAQ module based on the digital frequency domain principle,able to record essential spatial and temporal features of *** use this module to extend the capabilities of established imaging techniques based on single-photon avalanche diode(SPAD)array detectors,such as fluorescence lifetime image scanning ***,we use the module to introduce a robust multispecies approach encoding the fluorophore excitation spectra in the time ***,we combine time-resolved stimulated emission depletion microscopy with image scanning microscopy,boosting spatial *** results demonstrate how a conventional fluorescence laser scanning microscope can transform into a simple,information-rich,superresolved imaging system with the simple addition of a SPAD array detector with a tailored data acquisition *** expected a blooming of advanced single-photon imaging techniques,which effectively harness all the sample information encoded in each photon.

关键词： fluorescence lifetime image scanning microscopy digital frequency domain single photon

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Transperineal laser ablation of the prostate as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: The results of a Delphi consensus project

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 271-279页

作者： Andrea Cocci marta Pezzoli Fernando Bianco Franco Blefari Pierluigi Bove Francois Cornud gaetano De Rienzo Paolo Destefanis Danilo di Trapani Alessandro giacobbe Luca giovanessi Antonino Laganà giovanni Lughezzani guglielmo manenti gianluca muto gianluigi Patelli Novello Pinzi Stefano Regusci giorgio i.Russo Juan i.m.Salamanca matteo Salvi Luigi Silvestri Fabrizio Verweij Eric Walser Riccardo gBertolo Valerio iacovelli Alessandro Bertaccini Debora marchiori Hugo Davila Pasquale ditonno Paolo gontero gennaro iapicca Theo m De Reijke Vito Ricapito Pierluca Pellegrini Andrea minervini Sergio Serni Francesco Sessa Department of Urology Careggi HospitalUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Urology Section University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Urological Research Network MiamiFLUSA Urology Section Prato HospitalPratoItaly Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence TORDepartment of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly Department of Urology San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly Department of Radiology Hôpital CochinParis Descartes UniversityParisFrance Urology and Andrology Unit ii Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBariItaly Unit of Urology Cittàdella Salute e della Scienza HospitalUniversity of TurinTurinItaly Urology Unit Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli HospitalPalermoItaly Department of Urology Humanitas Gradenigo HospitalTurinItaly Urology Unit Surgical DepartmentFondazione Poliambulanza Istituto OspedalieroBresciaItaly Departement of Urology “S.Giovanni Evangelista”HospitalTivoliItaly Humanitas Clinical and Research CentereiRCCS Department of UrologyRozzanoItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of diagnostic imaging and interventional Radiology University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of interventional Radiology Pesenti-Fenaroli Hospital-ASST Bergamo EstAlzano LombardoItaly Department of Urology University of SienaSienaItaly Swiss international Prostate Center GenevaSwitzerland Clinique générale Beaulieu GenevaSwitzerland Department of Urology University of CataniaItaly Department of Urology Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University HospitalMadridSpain Lyx institute of Urology Universidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridSpain Department of medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of RomeFaculty of Pharmacy and MedicineUrology Unit ICOTLatinaItaly Department of Urology European Institute of Oncology(IEO)IRCCSMilanItaly Department of Radiology D

Objective: To evaluate transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) with Echolaser® (Echolaser® TPLA, Elesta S.p.A., Calenzano, italy) as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) using the Delphi consensus ***: italian and international experts on BPH and PCa participated in a collaborative consensus project. During two rounds, they expressed their opinions on Echolaser® TPLA for the treatment of BPH and PCa answering online questionnaires on indications, methodology, and potential complications of this technology. Level of agreement or disagreement to reach consensus was set at 75%. if the consensus was not achieved, questions were modified after each round. A final round was performed during an online meeting, in which results were discussed and ***: Thirty-two out of forty invited experts participated and consensus was reached on all topics. Agreement was achieved on recommending Echolaser® TPLA as a treatment of BPH in patients with ample range of prostate volume, from mL (80%) to >80 mL (80%), comorbidities (100%), antiplatelet or anticoagulant treatment (96%), indwelling catheter (77%), and strong will of preserving ejaculatory function (100%). majority of respondents agreed that Echolaser® TPLA is a potential option for the treatment of localized PCa (78%) and recommended it for low-risk PCa (90%). During the final round, experts concluded that it can be used for intermediate-risk PCa and it should be proposed as an effective alternative to radical prostatectomy for patients with strong will of avoiding urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction. Almost all participants agreed that the transperineal approach of this organ-sparing technique is safer than transrectal and transurethral approaches typical of other techniques (97% of agreement among experts). Pre-procedural assessment, technical aspects, post-procedural catheterization, pharmacological therapy, and expected outcomes were discussed, leading t

关键词： Transperineal laser ablation Prostatecancer Benignprostatic hyperplasia Delphi consensus

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Effectiveness of Sodium Silicate on the Corrosion Protection of AA7075-T6 Aluminium Alloy in Sodium Chloride Solution

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materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第4期15卷 53-65页

作者： Francesco Rosalbino giorgio Scavino graziano Ubertalli dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (diSAT) Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy

The influence of sodium silicate on the corrosion behaviour of aluminium alloy 7075-T6 in 0.1 m sodium chloride solution was studied by open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EiS) techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEm) was used to characterize the AA7075-T6 surface. Silicate can significantly reduce corrosion deterioration and the inhibition efficiency increases with the concentration of Na2SiO3. The corrosion inhibition mechanism involves the formation of a protective film over the alloy surface by adsorption of aluminosilicate anions from solution, as has also been suggested by others in literature.

关键词： Aluminium Alloy 7075-T6 Silicate Sodium Chloride Electrochemical impedance Spectroscopy (EiS) Scanning Electron microscopy (SEm)

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Resampling approaches for the quantitative analysis of spatially distributed cells

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Data intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 104-119页

作者： giorgio Bertolazzi michele Tumminello gaia morello Beatrice Belmonte Claudio Tripodo Department of Economics Business and StatisticsUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Tumor immunology Unit Department of Health SciencesUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly Histopathology Unit Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation(IFOM)ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly

image segmentation is a crucial step in various image analysis pipelines and constitutes one of the cutting-edge areas of digital *** advent of quantitative analysis has enabled the evaluation of millions of individual cells in tissues,allowing for the combined assessment of morphological features,biomarker expression,and spatial *** recorded cells can be described as a point pattern ***,the classical statistical approaches to point pattern processes prove unreliable in this context due to the presence of multiple irregularly-shaped interstitial cell-devoid spaces in the domain,which correspond to anatomical features(***,lipid vacuoles,glandular lumina)or tissue artefacts(*** fractures),and whose coordinates are *** interstitial spaces impede the accurate calculation of the domain area,resulting in biased clustering ***,the mistaken inclusion of empty regions of the domain can directly impact the results of hypothesis *** literature currently lacks any introduced bias correction method to address interstitial cell-devoid *** address this gap,we propose novel resampling methods for testing spatial randomness and evaluating relationships among different cell *** methods obviate the need for domain area estimation and provide non-biased clustering *** created the SpaceR software(https://***/gBertolazzi/SpaceR)to enhance the accessibility of our methodologies.

关键词： digital pathology spatial cytometry spatial clustering spatial randomness resampling

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Protocol for electrophysiological monitoring of carotid endarterectomies

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2010年第6期24卷 460-466页

作者： Hong Liu Anthony m di giorgio Eric S Williams William Evans michael J Russell Department of Anesthesiology University of California Davis Medical CenterSacramentoCA 95817USA Active diagnostics Inc.DavisCA 95616USA Kaiser Permanente Sacramento medical Center SacramentoCA 95825USA Aaken Laboratories Inc.DavisCA 95616USA

Near zero stroke rates can be achieved in carotid endarterectomy （CEA） surgery with selective shunting and electrophysiological *** false negative rates as high as 40% have been *** sought to determine if improved training for interpretation of the monitoring signals can advance the efficacy of selective shunting with electrophysiological monitoring across multiple centers,and determine if other factors could contribute to the differences in *** and raw beta band （12.5-30 Hz） electroencephalogram （EEg） and median and tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials （SSEP） were monitored in 668 CEA cases at six surgical centers.A decrease in amplitude of 50% or more in any EEg or SSEP channel was the criteria for shunting or initiating a neuroprotective protocol.A reduction of 50% or greater in the beta band of the EEg or amplitude of the SSEP was observed in 150 *** patient showed signs of a cerebral infarct after *** shunting based on EEg and SSEP monitoring can reduce CEA intraoperative stroke rate to a near zero level if trained personnel adopted standardized *** also found that the rapid administration of a protective stroke protocol by attending anesthesiologists was an important aspect of this success rate.

关键词： intraoperative monitoring somatosensory evoked potentials electroencephalogram carotid endarterectomy carotid

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Prognostic criteria for postoperative mortality in 170 patients undergoing major right hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases international 2012年第5期11卷 507-512页

作者： Filippo Filicori Xavier m Keutgen matteo Zanello giorgio Ercolani Salomone di Saverio Federico Sacchetti Antonio Daniele Pinna gian Luca grazi general Surgery and Transplant Unit Department of General Surgery and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BolognaVia Massarenti 940138 BolognaItaly Department of Surgery New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College Department of Surgery New York Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell Medical College Department of Emergency Surgery Maggiore HospitalL.go Nigrisoli 240133 BolognaItaly Hepato-Biliary Surgery Unit Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina ElenaVia Elio Chianesi5300144 RomaItaly

BACKgROUND: Postoperative hepatic failure is a dreadful complication after major hepatectomy and carries high morbidity and mortality rates. in this study, we assessed the accuracy of the 50/50 criteria (bilirubin >2.9 mg/dL and international normalized ratio >1.7 on postoperative day 5) and the mullen criteria (bilirubin peak >7 mg/dL on postoperative days 1-7) in predicting death from hepatic failure in patients undergoing right hepatectomy only. in addition, we identified prognostic factors linked to intra-hospital morbidity and mortality in these patients. mETHODS: One hundred seventy consecutive patients underwent major right hepatectomy at a tertiary medical center from 2000 to 2008. Nineteen (11.2%) patients suffered from liver cirrhosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of intra-hospital mortality, morbidity and death from hepatic failure. RESULTS: The intra-hospital mortality was 6.5% (11/170). Of the six patients who died from hepatic failure, one was positive for the 50/50 criteria, but all six patients were positive for the mullen criteria. multivariate analysis showed that male gender, hepatitis C (HCV), hepatocellular carcinoma, postoperative bilirubin >7 mg/dL and ALTive day 1 were predictive of death from hepatic failure in the postoperative period. Age >65 years, HCV, reoperation, andrenal failure were significant predictors of overall intra-hospital mortality on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSiONS: The mullen criteria were more accurate than the 50/50 criteria in predicting death from hepatic failure in patients undergoing right hepatectomy. A bilirubin peak >7 mg/dL in the postoperative period, HCV positivity, hepatocellular carcinoma, and an ALT level ive day 1 were associated with death from hepatic failure in our patient population.

关键词： hepatectomy liver diseases liver failure postoperative complications prothrombin time bilirubin

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Time-of-flight methodologies with large-area diamond detectors for ion characterization in laser-driven experiments

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2022年第1期10卷 53-63页

作者： m.Salvadori g.di giorgio m.cipriani m.Sciscio C.Verona P.L.Andreoli g.Cristofari R.De Angelis m.Pillon N.E.Andreev P.Antici N.g.Borisenko D.giulietti m.migliorati O.Rosmej S.Zahter F.Consoli Fusion and Nuclear Safety Department ENEAFrascatiItaly iNRS-EmT VarennesQCCanada industrial Engineering Department University of Rome"Tor Vergata"RomeItaly Joint institute for High Temperatures RASMoscowRussia P.N.Lebedev Physical institute RASMoscowRussia Department of Physics University of PisaPisaItaly iNFN of Pisa PisaItaly University of Rome“La Sapienza” RomeItaly iNFN of Rome RomeItaly gSi Helmotzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung gmbH DarmstadtGermany goethe University Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany

The time-of-flight technique coupled with semiconductor detectors is a powerful instrument to provide real-time characterization of ions accelerated because of laser-matter ***,the presence of strong electromagnetic pulses(EmPs)generated during the interactions can severely hinder its *** this reason,the diagnostic system must be designed to have high EmP *** we present a new advanced prototype of detector,developed at ENEA-Centro Ricerche Frascati(italy),with a large-area(15 mm×15 mm)polycrystalline diamond sensor having 150 μm *** tailored detector design and testing ensure high sensitivity and,thanks to the fast temporal response,high-energy resolution of the reconstructed ion *** detector was offline calibrated and then successfully tested during an experimental campaign carried out at the PHELiX laser facility(E_(L)~100 J,τ_(L)=750 fs,i_(L)(1-2.5)×10^(19)W/cm^(2))at gSi(germany).The high rejection to EmP fields was demonstrated and suitable calibrated spectra of the accelerated protons were obtained.

关键词： diamond detector ion diagnostics laser-matter interaction time of flight

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Sodium diffuses from glass Substrates through P1 Lines and Passivates Defects in Perovskite Solar modules

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Energy & Environmental materials 2023年第6期6卷 393-401页

作者： Felix Utama Kosasih Francesco di giacomo Jordi Ferrer Orri Kexue Li Elizabeth m.Tennyson Weiwei Li Fabio matteocci gunnar Kusch Narges Yaghoobi Nia Rachel A.Oliver Judith L.macmanus-Driscoll Katie L.moore Samuel D.Stranks Aldo di Carlo giorgio divitini Caterina Ducati Department of materials Science and metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB30FSUK Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy(CHOSE) Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of materials and Photon Science institute University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy(LASE) National University of Science and Technology MISiSLeninskiy Prospekt 4Moscow 119049Russia Energy Research institute@NTU Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637553Singapore miiT Key Laboratory of Aerospace information materials and Physics College of PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China istituto di Struttura della materia-CNR(iSm-CNR) Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100Rome 00133Italy Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Morego 30Genova 16163Italy

most thin-film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda-lime glass(SLg)substrates containing alkali oxides,such as Na_(2)*** may diffuse from SLg into a module's active layers through P1 lines,an area between a module's constituent cells where the substrate-side charge transport layer(CTL)is in direct contact with *** diffusion from SLg is known to cause several important effects inⅡ-Ⅵand chalcogenide solar modules,but it has not been studied in perovskite solar modules(PSms).in this work,we use complementary microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to show that Na diffusion occurs in the fabrication process of *** diffuses vertically inside P1 lines and then laterally from P1 lines into the active area for up to 360 *** propose that this process is driven by the high temperatures the devices are exposed to during CTL and perovskite *** diffused Na preferentially binds with Br,forming Br-poor,l-rich perovskite and a species rich in Na and Br(Na-Br)close to P1 ***-Br passivates defect sites,reducing non-radiative recombination in the perovskite and boosting its luminescence by up to 5×.Na-Br is observed to be stable after 12 weeks of device storage,suggesting long-lasting effects of Na *** results not only point to a potential avenue to increase PSm performance but also highlight the possibility of unabated Na diffusion throughout a module's lifetime,especially if accelerated by the electric field and elevated temperatures achievable during device operation.

关键词： defect passivation monolithic interconnection perovskite solar modules soda-lime glass sodium diffusion solar cells thin-film photovoltaics

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On singular Lüroth quartics

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Science China mathematics 2011年第8期54卷 1757-1766页

作者： OTTAViANi giorgio SERNESi Edoardo dipartimento di matematica "U.dini" Università di Firenzeviale Morgagni 67/A50134 FirenzeItaly dipartimento di matematica Università Roma TreLargo S.L.Murialdo 100146 RomaItaly

Plane quartics containing the ten vertices of a complete pentalateral and limits of them are called Lüroth *** locus of singular Lüroth quartics has two irreducible components,both of codimension two in *** compute the degree of them and discuss the consequences of this computation on the explicit form of the Lüroth *** important tool is the Cremona hexahedral equations of the cubic *** also compute the class in m 3 of the closure of the locus of nonsingular Lüroth quartics.

关键词： plane quartics Lueroth quartics invariant moduli space of curves

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