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Boron Application Improves Growth,Yield and Net Economic Return of Rice

Rice science 2012年第3期19卷 259-262页

作者： mubshar HUSSAIN m.Ayaz khan m.bismillah khan muhammad FAROOQ Shahid FAROOQ University College of Agriculture Bahauddin Zakariya University Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture

A field trial was conducted to evaluate the role of boron （B） application at different growth stages in improving the growth,yield and net economic return of rice at farmer＇s fields during summer season,*** was soil applied （1.5 kg/hm2） at the transplanting,tillering,flowering and grain formation stages of rice;foliar applied （1.5% B solution） at the tillering,flowering and grain formation stages of rice,and dipped seedling roots in 1.5% B solution before transplanting;while control plots did not apply any *** application （except dipping of seedling roots in B solution,which caused toxicity and reduced the number of tillers and straw yield than control） substantially improved the rice growth and ***,soil application was better in improving the number of grains per panicle,1000-grain weight,grain yield,harvest index,net economic income and ratio of benefit to cost compared with the rest of ***,for improving rice performance and maximizing the net economic returns,B might be applied as soil application at flowering.

关键词： boron application economics rice yield

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Association of Cigarette Smoking with Hyperlipidemia in male Individuals

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 937-949页

作者： Aminullah Jahan Shah Ali S. R. Alsubaie bismillah Sehar Farrukh Sher khan Nawsherwan Eltigani O. m. Omer Alia mohammed Almoajel Falak Zeb Department of Occupational medicine and Environmental Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nan-jing China College of Public Health Imam Abdurhman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health National University of Medical Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Department of Preventive medicine School of Health Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Community Health Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics National University of Medical Sciences Islamabad Pakistan

Cigarette smoking is one of the major modifiable and environmental risk factors which can alter the lipid profile that leads to the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the current study is to explore the association of cigarette smoking with Hyperlipidemia in male individuals. A cross-sectional study was carried out from march 2017 to Au-gust 2018 in Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. A total of 1561 male individuals were enrolled in the study with a mean age (years) of 55.33 ± 14.41. We collected data on demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle indices. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TGL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined by the enzymatic colorimetric method. The mean level of serum TC, TG, and HDL-C were 4.85 ± 0.91, 1.69 ± 1.45 and 1.27 ± 0.32 mmol/L respectively. We found that age, body mass index, pack-years, marital status, annual household income, alcohol consumption, smoking status, education level, and occupational status have significant association with Hyperlipidemia. Adjusted multiple logistic regressions showed that in old age, smoking behavior can significantly increase the risk of Hyperlipidemia. With an increase in pack-years, a significant increase is found only in TC while decreasing trend noticed in HDL-C level. Current smokers showed a significant increase in the risk of Hyperlipidemia compared to those who never smoked while smoking cessation decreases the risk of Hyperlipidemia. This study concluded that cigarette smoking along with increased age and pack-years can significantly increase the risk of Hyperlipidemia that further leads to heart diseases.

关键词： Cigarette Smoking Hyperlipidemia Lipid Profile Triglycerides

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