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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第2期9卷 162-172页

作者： m.A.mOHAmmED m.b.uday S.IZmAN School of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)UTM Skudai 81310JohorMalaysia Centre for Advanced Composite materials(CACm) Institute for Vehicle Systems and EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaUTM Skudai 81310JohorMalaysia Department of materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of BasrahBasrahIraq

Ca3Co4O9 is a p-type semiconducting material that is well-known for its thermoelectric(TE),magnetic,electronic,and electro-optic *** this study,sol–gel autoignition was used to prepare Ca3Co4O9 at different calcination temperatures(773,873,973,and 1073 K)and time(4,6,8,10,12,and 14 h)using starch as a *** phase and microstructure of the prepared Ca3Co4O9 powder were ***–differential thermal analysis(TGA)confirms that the final weight loss occurred at 1073 K to form Ca3Co4O9 stable *** variable-pressure scanning electron microscopy(VP-SEm)images show that the size of powder particles increases from 1.15 to 1.47μm as calcination time increases from 4 to 12 h,and the size remains almost constant thereafter.A similar pattern is also observed on the increment of the crystallite size and percentage of crystallinity with X-ray diffraction(XRD)*** highest crystallinity is found about 92.9%when the powder was calcinated at 1073 K for 12 and 14 h with 458 and 460Åcrystallite size,*** dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)analysis demonstrates that the calcinated powder has a high intensity of Ca,Co,and O with uniform ***-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEm)images prove that there is no distinct lattice distortion defect on the crystal structure.

关键词： calcium cobalt oxide sol-gel starch combustion method crystallite size crystallinity

Effect of small tool pin profiles on microstructures and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy by friction stir welding

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2015年第9期25卷 2856-2865页

作者： H.I.DAWOOD Kahtan S.mOHAmmED Azmi RAHmAT m.b.uday School of materials Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisTaman Muhibah-Jejawi-Arau Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of AL-Qadisiya Centre for Low Carbon Transport in Cooperation with Imperial College London Institute for Vehicle System EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia

The effect of small tool pin profiles on the microstructures and mechanical properties of 6061 aluminum alloy joints using friction stir welding （FSW） technique was investigated. Three different tool pin profiles： threaded tapered cylindrical （T1）, triangular （T2） and square （T3） were used to produce the joints. The results indicate that the weld joints are notably affected by joining with different tool pin profiles. The triangular tool pin profile produces thebest metallurgicaland mechanical weld properties compared with other tool pin profiles. besides, the lowest tensile strength and microhardness are obtained for the joint friction stir welded with square tool pin profile. It is observed that the smaller tool pin profile and shoulder diameter lead to narrow region of heat affected zone （HAZ） and a desired level of softening. The fracture surface examination shows that the joints are also affected when welding with different types of tool pin profiles. The fracture surface shows that the triangular specimen fails with a ductile fracture mode during the tensile test, while the brittle fracture modes are observed in the joints fabricated with other tool pin profiles （T1 and T3）.

关键词： friction stir welding small tool pin profile mechanical properties aluminum alloy grain size

CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model blockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： b Swaroopa REDDY T uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA *** first accumulator is called Transaction Output(TXO)commitment which represents the TXO *** second one is called Spent Transaction Output(STXO)commitment which represents the STXO *** this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)To update the TXO and STXO commitments by the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)To prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in TXO commitment and non-membership witness against STXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)To update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;The experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless *** shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(Transactions per second(TPS)).

关键词： stateless blockchain RSA Accumulator STXO commitment TXO commitment UTXO Non-interactive Proof of Exponentiation(NI-PoE) Transactions per second(TPS)

Intrumer:A multi module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen banu A S.K.b.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUmER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&Tm module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention module(XPm)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUmER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUmER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Design of optimum solid oxide membrane electrolysis cells for metals production

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2015年第6期25卷 591-594页

作者： Xiaofei Guan uday b.Pal Division of materials Science and Engineering Boston University Department of mechanical Engineering Boston University John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University

Oxide to metal conversion is one of the most energy-intensive steps in the value chain for metals *** oxide membrane(SOm)electrolysis process provides a general route for directly reducing various metal oxides to their respective metals,alloys,or *** of its lower energy use and ability to use inert anode resulting in zero carbon emission,SOm electrolysis process emerges as a promising technology that can replace the state-of-the-art metals production *** this paper,a careful study of the SOm electrolysis process using equivalent DC circuit modeling is performed and correlated to the experimental results.A discussion on relative importance of each resistive element in the circuit and on possible ways of lowering the rate-limiting resistive elements provides a generic guideline for designing optimum SOm electrolysis cells.

关键词： Electrolysis Solid oxide membranes metals production Environmentally benign

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for molecular and Cell biology(IbmC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Federated Learning’s Role in Next-Gen TV Ad Optimization

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 675-712页

作者： Gabriela Dobrita Simona-Vasilica Oprea Adela bâra Department of Economic Informatics and Cybernetics Bucharest University of Economic StudiesBucharest010374Romania

In the rapidly evolving landscape of television advertising,optimizing ad schedules to maximize viewer engagement and revenue has become *** methods often operate in silos,limiting the potential insights gained from broader data analysis due to concerns over privacy and data *** article introduces a novel approach that leverages Federated Learning(FL)to enhance TV ad schedule optimization,combining the strengths of local optimization techniques with the power of global machine Learning(mL)models to uncover actionable insights without compromising data *** combines linear programming for initial ads scheduling optimization with mL—specifically,a K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)model—for predicting ad spot *** into account the diversity and the difficulty of the ad-scheduling problem,we propose a prescriptivepredictive approach in which first the position of the ads is optimized(using Google’s OR-Tools CP-SAT)and then the scheduled position of all ads will be the result of the optimization ***,this output becomes the target of a predictive task that predicts the position of new entries based on their characteristics ensuring the implementation of the scheduling at large scale(using KNN,Light Gradient boosting machine and Random Forest).Furthermore,we explore the integration of FL to enhance predictive accuracy and strategic insight across different broadcasting networks while preserving data *** FL approach resulted in 8750 ads being precisely matched to their optimal category placements,showcasing an alignment with the intended diversity ***,there was a minimal deviation observed,with 1133 ads positioned within a one-category variance from their ideal placement in the original dataset.

关键词： Ad scheduling prescriptive-predictive approach federated learning KNN

Pathogenesis of achalasia cardia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第24期18卷 3050-3057页

作者： uday C Ghoshal Sunil b Daschakraborty Renu Singh Department of Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226104India

Achalasia cardia is one of the common causes of motor *** the disease was first described more than 300 years ago,exact pathogenesis of this condition still remains ***,achalasia cardia is caused by loss of inhibitory ganglion in the myenteric plexus of the *** the initial stage,degeneration of inhibitory nerves in the esophagus results in unopposed action of excitatory neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine,resulting in high amplitude non-peristaltic contractions(vigorous achalasia);progressive loss of cholinergic neurons over time results in dilation and low amplitude simultaneous contractions in the esophageal body(classic achalasia).Since the initial description,several studies have attempted to explore initiating agents that may cause the disease,such as viral infection,other environmental factors,autoimmunity,and genetic *** Chagas disease,which mimics achalasia,is caused by an infective agent,available evidence suggests that infection may not be an independent cause of primary achalasia.A genetic basis for achalasia is supported by reports showing occurrence of disease in monozygotic twins,siblings and other first-degree relatives and occurrence in association with other genetic diseases such as Down's syndrome and Parkinson's *** in genes encoding for nitric oxide synthase,receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide,interleukin 23 and the ALADIN gene have been ***,studies on larger numbers of patients and controls from different ethnic groups are needed before definite conclusions can be ***,the disease is believed to be multi-factorial,with autoimmune mechanisms triggered by infection in a genetically predisposed individual leading to degeneration of inhibitory ganglia in the wall of the esophagus.

关键词： Esophagus motor dysphagia motility disor-der Peristalsis Esophageal sphincter

Neurogenesis dynamics in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： moawiah m.Naffaa Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Cell biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal communication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory memory synaptic plasticity

SbL-JP-0004:A promising dual inhibitor of JAK2 and PI3KCD against gastric cancer

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 235-243页

作者： HASSAN m.OTIFI Department of Pathology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbha62521Saudi Arabia

background:Gastric cancer(GC)remains a global health burden and is often characterized by heterogeneous molecular profiles and resistance to conventional *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase and PI3K and Janus kinase(JAK)signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)pathways play pivotal roles in GC progression,making them attractive targets for therapeutic ***:This study applied a computational and molecular dynamics simulation approach to identify and characterize SbL-JP-0004 as a potential dual inhibitor of JAK2 and PI3KCD *** and SNU-5 GC cells were used for in vitro ***:SbL-JP-0004 exhibited a robust binding affinity for JAK2 and PI3KCD kinases,as evidenced by molecular docking scores and molecular dynamics *** interactions and Gibbs binding free energy estimates confirmed stable and favorable interactions with target ***-JP-0004 displayed an half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))value of 118.9 nm against JAK2 kinase and 200.9 nm against PI3KCD ***-JP-0004 exhibited potent inhibition of cell proliferation in KATOIII and SNU-5 cells,with half-maximal growth inhibitory concentration(GI50)values of 250.8 and 516.3 nm,respectively.A significant elevation in the early phase apoptosis(28.53%in KATOIII cells and 26.85%in SNU-5 cells)and late phase apoptosis(17.37%in KATOIII cells and 10.05%in SNU-5 cells)were observed with SbL-JP-0004 treatment compared to 2.1%and 2.83%in their respective ***:The results highlight SbL-JP-0004 as a promising dual inhibitor targeting JAK2 and PI3KCD kinases for treating GC and warrant further preclinical and clinical investigations to validate its utility in clinical settings.

关键词： Gastric cancer(GC) Dual inhibition JAK2 PI3KCD SbL-JP-0004 molecular docking molecular dynamics simulation