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Comparison of resistive index and shear-wave elastography in the evaluation of chronic kidney allograft dysfunction

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 154-163页

作者： Ameet Kumar Jesrani Syed m Faiq Rahma Rashid Tariq Ali Kalwar Rehan mohsin Tahir Aziz Nida Amin khan muhammed mubarak Department of Radiology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Pathology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Transplantation Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Urology Sindh Institute of Urology and TransplantationKarachi 74200SindhPakistan

BACKGROUND Detection of early chronic changes in the kidney allograft is important for timely intervention and long-term *** and novel ultrasound-based investigations are being increasingly used for this purpose with variable *** To compare the diagnostic performance of resistive index(RI)and shear wave elastography(SWE)in the diagnosis of chronic fibrosing changes of kidney allograft with histopathological *** This is a cross-sectional and comparative study.A total of 154 kidney transplant recipients were included in this study,which was conducted at the Departments of Transplantation and Radiology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan,from August 2022 to February *** consecutive patients with increased serum creatinine levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate(GFR)after three months of transplantation were enrolled in this *** and RI were performed and the findings of these were evaluated against the kidney allograft biopsy results to determine their diagnostic *** The mean age of all patients was 35.32±11.08 *** these,126(81.8%)were males and 28(18.2%)were *** mean serum creatinine in all patients was 2.86±1.68 mg/dL and the mean estimated GFR was 35.38±17.27 mL/min/1.73 *** allograft biopsy results showed chronic changes in 55(37.66%)*** sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)of SWE for the detection of chronic allograft damage were 93.10%,96.87%%,94.73%,and 95.87%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 95.45%.For RI,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV were 76.92%,83.33%,70.17%,and 87.62%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 81.16%.CONCLUSION The results from this study show that SWE is more sensitive and specific as compared to RI in the evaluation of chronic allograft *** can be of great help during the routine follow-up of kidney transplant recipients for screening a

关键词： Shear wave Sonoelastography Resistive index Chronic allograft changes Biopsy Histopathology

Trust-based Intelligent Scheme for mitigating Black Hole Attacks in IoT

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第3期31卷 39-50页

作者： Feroz khan A.B Weslin D Dilli Babu m mohammed muzaffar Hussain Department of Computer Science Syed Hameedha Arts and Science CollegeKilakarai 623806Tamil NaduIndia Department of Information Technology Mohamed Sathak AJ College of EngineeringSiruseriChennai 603103India Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennai 600123India Department of Information Technology C.Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and TechnologyMelvisharam 632509India

Internet of Things(IoT)networks are characterized by a multitude of wireless,interconnected devices that can dynamically join or exit the network without centralized administration or fixed infrastructure for *** multipath routing in IoT networks can improve data transmission reliability and load balancing by establishing multiple paths between source and destination nodes,these networks are susceptible to security threats due to their wireless *** security solutions developed for conventional networks are often ill-suited to the unique challenges posed by IoT *** response to these challenges,this paper proposes the integration of the Ad hoc On-demand multipath Distance Vector(AOmDV)routing protocol with a trust model to enhance network *** findings from this research demonstrate the successful fusion of AOmDV with a trust model,resulting in tangible improvements in network *** assessment of trustworthiness bolsters both security and routing capabilities in IoT *** trust model plays a crucial role in mitigating black hole attacks in IoT networks by evaluating the trustworthiness of nodes and helping in the identification and avoidance of malicious nodes that may act as black *** results validate the efficacy of the proposed trust-based routing mechanism in achieving its *** plays a pivotal role in decision-making and in the creation of secure distribution *** assessing the trustworthiness of nodes,both network security and routing efficiency can be *** effectiveness of the proposed trust-based routing mechanism is scrutinized through simulations,offering insights into its potential advantages in terms of improved network security and routing performance in the context of the IoT.

关键词： mobile ad-hoc network(mANET) routing Ad hoc On-demand multipath Distance Vector(AOmDV) trust model security

Panoramic variation analysis of a family with neurodevelopmental disorders caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in TmEm141,DDHD2,and LHFPL5

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Frontiers of medicine 2024年第1期18卷 81-97页

作者： Liwei Sun Xueting Yang Amjad khan Xue Yu Han Zhang Shirui Han Xiaerbati Habulieti Yang Sun Rongrong Wang Xue Zhang mcKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic medicine State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering Center for Reproductive MedicineNational Key Clinical Speciality Construction Project(Obstetrics and Gynecology)Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqing400013China Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Reproductive medicine Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400013China Faculty of Biological Sciences Department of ZoologyUniversity of Lakki MarwatKhyber Pakhtunkhwa28420Pakistan Institute for medical Genetics and Applied Genomics University of TübingenTübingen72076Germany Alexander von Humboldt fellowship Foundation Berlin10117Germany Department of Pediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning530000China Department of Laboratory medicine State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China

Highly clinical and genetic heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders presents a major challenge in clinical genetics and *** variation analysis is imperative to analyze the disease phenotypes resulting from multilocus genomic ***,a Pakistani family with parental consanguinity was presented,characterized with severe intellectual disability(ID),spastic paraplegia,and *** mapping,integrated single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array,whole-exome sequencing,and whole-genome sequencing were performed,and homozygous variants in TmEm141(c.270G>A,***90^(*)),DDHD2(c.411+767_c.1249-327del),and LHFPL5(c.250delC,***84^(*))were identified.A Tmem141^(***90^(*)/***90^(*))mouse model was *** studies showed impairments in learning ability and motor *** slice electrophysiology and Golgi staining demonstrated deficient synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons and abnormal dendritic branching in cerebellar Purkinje *** electron microscopy showed abnormal mitochondrial ***,studies on a human in vitro neuronal model(SH-SY5Y cells)with stable shRNA-mediated knockdown of TmEm141 showed deleterious effect on bioenergetic function,possibly explaining the pathogenesis of replicated phenotypes in the cross-species mouse ***,panoramic variation analysis revealed that multilocus genomic variations of TmEm141,DDHD2,and LHFPL5 together caused variable phenotypes in ***,the biallelic loss-of-function variants of TmEm141 were responsible for syndromic ID.

关键词： neurodevelopmental disorder autosomal recessive intellectual disability consanguinity spastic paraplegia hearing loss TmEm141

Spatial Attention Integrated EfficientNet Architecture for Breast Cancer Classification with Explainable AI

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 5029-5045页

作者： Sannasi Chakravarthy Bharanidharan Nagarajan Surbhi Bhatia khan Vinoth Kumar Venkatesan mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Ahlam Almusharraf Khursheed Aurungzeb Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of TechnologySathyamangalam638402India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems(SCORE) Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK Department of Computer Science&Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bengaluru562112India Department of management College of Business AdministrationPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Adjunct Research Faculty Centre for Research Impact&OutcomeChitkara UniversityRajpura140401India

Breast cancer is a type of cancer responsible for higher mortality rates among *** cruelty of breast cancer always requires a promising approach for its earlier *** light of this,the proposed research leverages the representation ability of pretrained EfficientNet-B0 model and the classification ability of the XGBoost model for the binary classification of breast *** addition,the above transfer learning model is modified in such a way that it will focus more on tumor cells in the input ***,the work proposed an EfficientNet-B0 having a Spatial Attention Layer with XGBoost(ESA-XGBNet)for binary classification of *** this,the work is trained,tested,and validated using original and augmented mammogram images of three public datasets namely CBIS-DDSm,INbreast,and mIAS *** accuracy of 97.585%(CBISDDSm),98.255%(INbreast),and 98.91%(mIAS)is obtained using the proposed ESA-XGBNet architecture as compared with the existing ***,the decision-making of the proposed ESA-XGBNet architecture is visualized and validated using the Attention Guided GradCAm-based Explainable AI technique.

关键词： EfficientNet mammograms breast cancer Explainable AI deep-learning transfer learning

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioning regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in various diseases

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 32-41页

作者： Shahzaib maqbool maryam Farhan Baloch muhammad Abdul Khaliq khan Azeem Khalid Kiran Naimat Department of medicine Holy Family HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Community medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of Community Dentistry Baqai Medical UniversityKarachi 43000Pakistan Department of medicine Allama lqbal Medical CollegeLahore 45000Pakistan Department of medicineLiaquat University of medical and Health Sciences Karachi 43000Pakistan

Conditioning regimens employed in autologous stem cell transplantation have been proven useful in various hematological disorders and underlying malignancies;however,despite being efficacious in various instances,negative consequences have also been *** conditioning regimens were extracted from various literature searches from databases like Pubmed,Google scholar,EmBASE,and *** regimens for each disease were compared by using various end points such as overall survival(OS),progression free survival(PFS),and leukemia free survival(LFS).Variables were presented on graphs and analyzed to conclude a more efficacious conditioning *** multiple myeloma,the most effective regimen was high dose melphalan(mEL)given at a dose of 200/mg/*** comparative results of acute myeloid leukemia were presented and the regimens that proved to be at an admirable position were busulfan(BU)+mEL regarding OS and BU+VP16 regarding *** case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),BU,fludarabine,and etoposide(BuFluVP)conferred good disease control not only with a paramount improvement in survival rate but also low risk of ***,for ALL,chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cell therapy was preferred in the context of better OS and *** respect to Hodgkin’s lymphoma,mitoxantrone(mITO)/mEL overtook carmustine,VP16,cytarabine,and mEL in view of PFS and vice versa regarding ***-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients were administered mITO(60 mg/m2)and mEL(180 mg/m2)which showed promising ***,amyloidosis was considered,and the regimen that proved to be competent was mEL 200(200 mg/m2).This review article demonstrates a comparison between various conditioning regimens employed in different diseases.

关键词： Conditioning regimens multiple myeloma Lymphoma Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin Acute leukemia

Alfvén waves in temperature anisotropic Cairns distributed plasma

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第3期72卷 83-87页

作者： S ayaz Imran A khan Z Iqbal G murtaza Salam Chair Department of PhysicsGC University Lahore Katchery Road54000 LahorePakistan

The dispersion relations and Landau damping of Alfven waves in kinetic and inertial limits are studied in temperature anisotropic Cairns distributed *** the case of kinetic Alfven waves(KAWs),it is found that the real frequency is enhanced when either the electron perpendicular temperature or the non-thermal parameter A *** inertial Alfven waves(IAWs),the real frequency is slightly affected by the electron temperature anisotropy and *** the real frequency,the damping rate of KAWs is reduced when the electron perpendicular temperature or A *** the case of IAWs,the temperature anisotropy and A either enhance or reduce the damping rate depending upon the perpendicular *** results may be helpful to understand the dynamics of KAWs and IAWs in space plasmas where the non-maxwellian distribution of particles are routinely observed.

关键词： Cairns distribution kinetic Alfven waves inertial Alfven waves

Natural variation in mORE GRAINS 1 regulates grain number and grain weight in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1440-1458页

作者： Yingchun Han Qianfeng Hu Nuo Gong Huimin Yan Najeeb Ullah khan Yanxiu Du Hongzheng Sun Quanzhi Zhao Wanxi Peng Zichao Li Zhanying Zhang Junzhou Li Henan Key Laboratory of Rice molecular Breeding and High Efﬁciency Production College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Rice Industrial Technology Research Institute Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

Grain yield is determined mainly by grain number and grain *** this study,we identified and characterized mORE GRAINS1(mOG1),a gene associated with grain number and grain weight in rice(Oryza sativa L.),through map-based *** of mOG1 increased grain yield by 18.6%-22.3%under field *** determined that mOG1,a bHLH transcription factor,interacts with OsbHLH107 and directly activates the expression of LONELY GUY(LOG),which encodes a cytokinin-activating enzyme and the cell expansion gene EXPANSIN-LIKE1(EXPLA1),positively regulating grain number per panicle and grain *** variations in the promoter and coding regions of mOG1 between Hap-LNW and Hap-HNW alleles resulted in changes in mOG1 expression level and transcriptional activation,leading to functional *** analysis revealed that Hap-HNW,which results in a greater number and heavier grains,has undergone strong selection but has been poorly utilized in modern lowland rice *** summary,the mOG1-OsbHLH107 complex activates LOG and EXPLA1 expression to promote cell expansion and division of young panicles through the cytokinin pathway,thereby increasing grain number and grain *** findings suggest that Hap-HNW could be used in strategies to breed high-yielding temperate japonica lowland rice.

关键词： grain number grain weight mOG1 natural variation rice

m_(4)X_(3) mXenes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar Hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali khan Sikandar Aftab muhammad Sufyan Javed Sajjad Hussain muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis Sumanta Sahoo Kaili Zhang Department of mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

mXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of m and X layers in m_(n+1)X_(n),such as m_(2)X,m_(3)X_(2),m_(4)X_(3),and,recently,m_(5)X_(4).Among these families,m_(2)X and m_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to m_(5)X_(4)mXene ***,studies on the m_(4)X_(3)mXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in m_(4)X_(3)mXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering m_(4)X_(3)mXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： mXene m_(4)X_(3)mXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

Discharging patients home from the intensive care unit:A new trend

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第23期12卷 5313-5319页

作者： Esraa m Hassan Abbas B Jama Ahmed Sharaf Asim Shaikh mohamad El Labban Salim Surani Syed A khan Department of Critical Care medicine Mayo Clinic Health systemMankatoMN 56001United States Department of Internal medicine Baptist Hospital of Southeast TexasBeaumontTX 77701United States Department of medicine Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74200SindhPakistan Department of Internal medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States Department of medicine and Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Department of Anaesthesiology Mayo Clinic Health SystemRochesterMN 55905United States

Discharging patients directly to home from the intensive care unit(ICU)is becoming a new *** review examines the feasibility,benefits,challenges,and considerations of directly discharging ICU *** analyzing available evidence and healthcare professionals'experiences,the review explores the potential impacts on patient outcomes and healthcare *** practice of direct discharge from the ICU presents both opportunities and *** it can potentially reduce costs,enhance patient comfort,and mitigate complications linked to extended hospitalization,it necessitates meticulous patient selection and robust post-discharge support *** this strategy successfully mandates the availability of home-based care services and a careful assessment of the patient's readiness for the *** critical evaluation of existing literature,this review underscores the significance of tailored patient selection criteria and comprehensive post-discharge support systems to ensure patient safety and optimal *** insights provided contribute evidence-based recommendations for refining the direct discharge approach,fostering improved patient outcomes,heightened satisfaction,and streamlined healthcare ***,the review seeks to balance patientcentered care and effective resource utilization within ICU discharge strategies.

关键词： Intensive care unit Critical care Early discharge Cost effective critical care Patient comfort Early recovery