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Circulating tumor DNA and its role in detection, prognosis and therapeutics of hepatocellular carcinoma

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第2期36卷 195-214页

作者： Sana Rashid Yingchuan Sun Umair ali Khan Saddozai Sikandar Hayyat muhammad Usman munir muhammad Usman akbar muhammad Babar Khawar Zhiguang Ren Xinying Ji malik Ihsan Ullah Khan Institute of molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of LahoreLahore 54590Pakistan Department of Internal Oncology(Section Ⅰ) Xuchang Municipal Central HospitalXuchang 461000China Institute of Translational medicine Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001China Australian Institute for Bioengineering&Nanotechnology the University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Gomal UniversityDera Ismail Khan 29111Pakistan Applied molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowal Punjab 51600Pakistan Kaifeng municipal Key Laboratory for Infection and Biosafety Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Faculty of Basic medical Subjects Shu-Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhou 450064China Department of medicine Huaxian County People's HospitalHuaxian 456400China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is considered the fifth most prevalent cancer among all types of cancers and has the third most morbidity value. It has the most frequent duplication time and a high recurrence rate. Recently, the most unique technique used is liquid biopsies, which carry many markers;the most prominent is circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA). Varied methods are used to investigate ctDNA, including various forms of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) [emulsion PCR(ePCR), digital PCR(dPCR), and bead, emulsion, amplification, magnetic(BEAming) PCR]. Hence ctDNA is being recognized as a potential biomarker that permits early cancer detection,treatment monitoring, and predictive data on tumor burden are subjective to therapy or surgery. Numerous ctDNA biomarkers have been investigated based on their alterations such as 1) single nucleotide variations(either insertion or deletion of a nucleotide) markers including TP53, KRAS, and CCND1;2) copy number variations which include markers such as CDK6, EFGR, mYC and BRAF;3) DNA methylation(RASSF1A, SEPT9, KmT2C and CCNA2);4) homozygous mutation includes ctDNA markers as CDKN2A, AXIN1;and 5) gain or loss of function of the genes, particularly for HCC. Various researchers have conducted many studies and gotten fruitful ***, there are some drawbacks to ctDNA namely low quantity, fragment heterogeneity, less stability, limited mutant copies and standards, and differential sensitivity. However, plenty of investigations demonstrate ctDNA's significance as a polyvalent biomarker for cancer and can be viewed as a future diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic agent. This article overviews many conditions in genetic changes linked to the onset and development of HCC, such as dysregulated signaling pathways, somatic mutations, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and genomic instability. Additionally, efforts are also made to develop treatments for HCC that are molecularly targeted and to unravel some of the genetic pathways that f

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers single nucleotide variations diagnosis prognosis

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Al^(3+) doped CeO_(2) for proton conducting fuel cells

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2024年第10期31卷 2253-2262页

作者： Sarfraz Shahzad Rasool muhammad Khalid mAKYousaf Shah Bin Zhu Jung-Sik Kim muhammad Imran Asghar Nabeela akbar Wenjing Dong Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Renewable Energy Technologies Group Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityFI-33014Finland

Developing high ionic conducting electrolytes is crucial for applying proton-conducting fuel cell(PCFCs)*** cur-rent study investigates the effect of alumina on the structural,morphological,electrical,and electrochemical properties of CeO_(2).Lattice oxygen vacancies are induced in CeO_(2) by a general doping concept that enables fast ionic conduction at low-temperature ranges(300-500℃)for *** refinement of the X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns established the pure cubic fluorite structure of Al-doped CeO_(2)(ADC)samples and confirmed Al ions’fruitful integration in the CeO_(2) *** electronic structure of the alumina-doped ceria of the materials(10ADC,20ADC,and 30ADC)has been *** a result,it was found that the best composition of 30ADC-based electrolytes induced maximum lattice oxygen *** corresponding PCFC exhibited a maximum power output of 923 mW/cm^(2)at 500℃.moreover,the investigation proves the proton-conducting ability of alumina-doped ceria-based fuel cells by using an oxide ion-blocking layer.

关键词： proton ceramic fuel cells oxygen vacancies higher fuel cell performance doping fast ions transportation

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Handgrip strength in type 2 diabetics and nondiabetics:A comparative cross-sectional study among adults in rural mysore

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2024年第3期6卷 150-154页

作者： Deepak ANIL m.RAKESH Shabeena akbar Vijaylakshmi Rao VADAGA D.Sunil KUmAR Department of Community medicine JSS Medical CollegeJSS Academy of Higher Education and ResearchMysoreKarnatakaIndia

Objectives:The objective of this study is to assess the handgrip strength(HGS)in patients with type 2 diabetes,compare it with nondiabetes age-matched individuals,and assess the correlation between diabetic status and HGS among diabetic *** and methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural mysore,India,for 4 ***-eight clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetics and 58 nondiabetics participated in the *** handheld dynamometer was used to test the HGS of all subjects in their dominant *** t-test was used to analyze the differences in HGS between patients with and without ***:The mean dynamometer reading among diabetics was 19.08±7.51,whereas that in nondiabetics was 27.474±*** was a significant difference in HGSs between diabetics and nondiabetics(Pmuscle strength and quality in the upper extremities are associated with type 2 diabetes and can lead to functional and physical *** patients’HGS should be evaluated promptly to identify any disabilities and plan for appropriate therapy.

关键词： Diabetics dynamometer handgrip muscle strength

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Seed mediated Growth of Gold Nanoparticles Based on Liquid Arc Discharge

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第4期15卷 376-381页

作者： ali akbar ASHKARRAN Department of Physics Faculty of Basic Sciences University of MazandaranBabolsar Iran

We report studies on the growth of gold nanoparticles by a seed-mediated approach in solution. The synthetic method is adapted from one we published earlier （Ashkarran et al. Appl. Phys. A 2009, 96, 423）. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, dynamic light scattering （DLS）, UV-Vis spectroscopy, optical imaging and atomic force microscopy （AFm）. Optical absorption spectroscopy of the prepared samples at 15 A arc current in HAuCI4 solution shows a surface plasmon resonance around 520 nm. It is found that sodium citrate acts as a stabilizer and surface capping agent of the colloidal nanoparticles. The intensity of the plasmonic peak of the prepared gold nanoparticles for 1 minute arc duration gradually increases due to seed mediation for up to 6 hours. The formation time of gold nanoparticles at higher seed concentrations is less than that at lower seed concentrations.

关键词： gold nanoparticles liquid arc discharge seed mediation optical properties

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Flow Confinement Effects on the Wake Structure behind a Pitching Airfoil： A Numerical Study Using an Immersed Boundary method

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第1期14卷 88-98页

作者： ali akbar Hosseinjani ali Ashrafizadeh Faculty of mechanical Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran P.O.B. 19395-1999 Iran

The flow patterns and wake structures behind a pitching airfoil in an un-bounded domain have been studied extensively. In contrast, the flow phenomena associated with a pitching airfoil near a solid boundary have not been adequately studied or reported. This paper aims at filling this research gap by considering the flow confinement effects on the flow pattern around a pitching airfoil. To achieve this goal, the flow fields around a flapping airfoil in un-bounded, bounded and semi-bounded domains are studied and compared. Numerical simulations are carried out at a fixed Reynolds number, Re = 255, and at a fixed oscillation frequency corresponding to St = 0.22. An accurate immersed boundary method is employed to calculate the unsteady flow fields around the airfoil at various flapping amplitudes. It is argued that two flow mechanisms, here called ＂the interaction effect＂ and ＂the induced reverse flow effect＂ are responsible for the variations of the flow field due to the presence of a nearby solid boundary.

关键词： immersed boundary method pitching airfoil vortex street induced momentum aligned vortex

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An extended iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method in thermo-fluid problems with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第1期24卷 137-154页

作者： ali akbar Hosseinjani ali Ashrafizadeh Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyP.O.B.19395-1999 TehranIran

An iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method is extended and used to solve convection heat transfer *** pressure,momentum source,and heat source at immersed boundary points are calculated simultaneously to achieve the best *** of convection heat transfer problems with both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are *** approaches for the implementation of Neumann boundary condition,*** and indirect methods,are introduced and compared in terms of accuracy and computational *** test cases include forced convection on a heated cylinder in an unbounded flow field and mixed convection around a circular body in a lid-driven ***,the proposed method is applied to study the mixed convection around a heated rotating cylinder in a square enclosure with both iso-heat flux and iso-thermal boundary *** results show that the order of accuracy of the indirect method is less than the direct ***,the indirect method takes less computational time both in terms of the implementation of the boundary condition and the post processing time required to compute the heat transfer variables such as the Nusselt *** is concluded that the iterative direct-forcing immersed boundary method is a powerful technique for the solution of convection heat transfer problems with stationary/moving boundaries and various boundary conditions.

关键词： immersed boundary method direct forcing thermo-fluid problems neumann boundary condition

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Relativistic symmetries in the Hulthn scalar-vector-tensor interactions

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第8期22卷 257-263页

作者： majid Hamzavi ali akbar Rajabi Department of Science and Engineering Abhar Branch Islamic Azad UniversityAbhar Iran Physics Department Shahrood University of TechnologyShahrood Iran

In the presence of spin and pseudospin （p-spin） symmetries, the approximate analytical bound states of the Dirac equation for scalar-vector-tensor Hulth6n potentials are obtained with any arbitrary spin-orbit coupling number using the Pekeris approximation. The Hulth6n tensor interaction is studied instead of the commonly used Coulomb or linear terms. The generalized parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov （NU） method is used to obtain energy eigenvalues and corresponding wave functions in their closed forms. It is shown that tensor interaction removes degeneracy between spin and p-spin doublets. Some numerical results are also given.

关键词： Dirac equation Hulth6n scalar-vector-tensor potential spin and p-spin symmetry NU method

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GIS based ArcPRZm-3 model for bentazon leaching towards groundwater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第12期22卷 1854-1859页

作者： Tahir ali akbar Henry Lin College of Natural Resources University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Department of Civil Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgaryAlbertaT2N 1N4Canada Department of Crop and Soil Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Groundwater contamination due to pesticide applications on agricultural lands is of great environmental concern. The mathematical models help to understand the mechanism of pesticide leaching in soils towards groundwater. We developed a user-friendly model called ArcPRZm-3 by integrating widely used Pesticide Root Zone model version 3 （PRZm-3） using Visual Basic and Geographic Information System （GIS） based Avenue programming. ArcPRZm-3 could be used to simulate pesticide leaching towards groundwater with user-friendly input interfaces coupled with databases of crops, soils and pesticides. The outputs from ArcPRZm-3 could be visualized in user-friendly formats of tables, charts and maps. In this study we evaluated ArcPRZm-3 model by simulating bentazon leaching in soil towards groundwater. ArcPRZm-3 was applied to 37 sites in Woodruff County, Arkansas, USA to observe the daily average dissolved bentazon concentration for soybean, sorghum and rice at a depth of 1.8 m for a period of two years. Nineteen ranks of bentazon leaching potential were obtained using ArcPRZm-3 for all sites having different soil and crop combinations. ArcPRZm-3 simulation results for bentazon were compatible with the field monitored data in term of relative ranking and trend, although some uncertainties exist. This study indicated that macropore flow mechanism would be important in analyzing the effect of irrigation on groundwater contamination due to pesticides. Overall, ArcPRZm-3 could be used to simulate pesticide leaching towards groundwater more efficiently and effectively as compared to PRZm-3.

关键词： ArcPRZm-3 PRZm-3 GIS pesticide leaching groundwater contamination bentazon

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EFFECT OF POLYANILINE AS A SURFACE mODIFIER OF TiO_2 NANO-PARTICLES ON THE PROPERTIES OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE/TiO_2 NANOCOmPOSITES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第3期31卷 481-494页

作者： ali Olad Sepideh Behboudi ali akbar Entezami Polymer Composite Research Laboratory Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Tabriz Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of Tabriz

Surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was modified with the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. Polyaniline modified TiO2 nanoparticles （PANI-TiO2） were characterized with the FT-IR, XRD, SEm and TEm techniques. Results confirmed that PANI was grafted successfully on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles, therefore agglomeration of nanoparticles decreased dramatically. Polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites filled with 1 wt%-5 wt% of PANI-TiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via the solution blending method. PVC nanocomposites were analyzed with FT-IR, XRD, SEm, TG/DTA, DSC and tensile test techniques. Effect of PANI as surface modifier of nanoparticles was discussed according to the final properties of PVC nanocomposites. Results demonstrated that deposition of PANI on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles improved the interfacial adhesion between the constituents of nanocomposites, which resulted in better dispersion of nanoparticles in the PVC matrix. Also PVC/PANI-TiO2 nanocomposites showed higher thennal resistance, tensile strength and Young＇s modulus compared to those of unfilled PVC and PVC/TiO2 nanocomposites.

关键词： Polymer nanocomposite Polyvinyl chloride Polyaniline TiO2 nano-additive Surface modification.

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Bright, periodic, compacton and bell-shape soliton solutions of the extended QZK and (3+1)-dimensional ZK equations

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第10期73卷 23-35页

作者： m.ali akbar md Abdul Kayum m S Osman Department of Applied mathematics University of RajshahiBangladesh Department of Computer Science&Engineering North Bengal International UniversityRajshahiBangladesh Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt

The(3+1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov(ZK) and the new extended quantum ZK equations are functional to decipher the dense quantum plasma, ion-acoustic waves, electron thermal energy,ion plasma, quantum acoustic waves, and quantum Langmuir waves. The enhanced modified simple equation(EmSE) method is a substantial approach to determine competent solutions and in this article, we have constructed standard, illustrative, rich structured and further comprehensive soliton solutions via this method. The solutions are ascertained as the integration of exponential, hyperbolic,trigonometric and rational functions and formulate the bright solitons, periodic, compacton, bellshape, parabolic shape, singular periodic, plane shape and some new type of solitons. It is worth noting that the wave profile varies as the physical and subsidiary parameters change. The standard and advanced soliton solutions may be useful to assist in describing the physical phenomena previously mentioned. To open out the inward structure of the tangible incidents, we have portrayed the three-dimensional, contour plot, and two-dimensional graphs for different parametric values. The attained results demonstrate the EmSE technique for extracting soliton solutions to nonlinear evolution equations is efficient, compatible and reliable in nonlinear science and engineering.

关键词： (3+1)-dimensional ZK the extended QZK equation enhanced modified simple equation method soliton solutions NLEEs

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