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Role of Air Staging in a Batch-Type Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor under Constant Primary Air

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 284-299页

作者： Awais JUNEJO Yasir m.al-ABDELI Jacobo PORTEIRO School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia CINTECX Universidade de Vigo Grupo de Tecnoloxia Enerxetica(GTE)36310 VigoEspana

Staged combustion of biomass is the most suitable thermo-chemical conversion for achieving lower gaseous emissions and higher fuel conversion *** a staged fixed bed combustion of biomass,combustion air is supplied in two *** the first stage,primary air is provided below the fuel,whereas in the later stage,secondary air is supplied in the freeboard *** available literature on the effects of air staging(secondary air location) at a constant primary air flow rate on combustion characteristics in a batch-type fixed bed combustor is limited and hence warrants further *** study resolves the effect of air staging,by varying the location of secondary air in the freeboard at five secondary to total air ratios in a batch-type fixed bed *** are reported for the effects of these controlled parameters on fuel conversion rate,overall gaseous emissions(CO_(2),CO and NO_x) and temperature *** fuel used throughout was densified hardwood *** show that a primary freeboard length(distance between fuel bed top and secondary air injection) of200 mm has higher fuel conversion rates and temperatures as well as lower CO emissions,at a secondary to total air ratio of 0.75 as compared to primary freeboard length of 300 ***,NO_x emissions were found to be lower for a primary freeboard length of 300 mm as compared to 200 *** increase in secondary to total air ratio from 0.33 to 0.75 resulted in higher freeboard temperatures and lower CO as well as NO_x *** outcomes of this study will be helpful in the effective design of commercial scale biomass combustors for more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion.

关键词： fixed bed combustor biomass combustion air staging freeboard temperature burning rate gaseous emissions

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A Weighted multi-Layer Analytics Based model for Emoji Recommendation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1115-1133页

作者： Amira m.Idrees Abdul Lateef marzouq al-Solami Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Future University in EgyptCairo11835Egypt alkamil College of Science and Arts University of JeddahJeddah21959Saudi Arabia

The developed system for eye and face detection using Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)models,followed by eye classification and voice-based assistance,has shown promising potential in enhancing accessibility for individuals with visual *** modular approach implemented in this research allows for a seamless flow of information and assistance between the different components of the *** research significantly contributes to the field of accessibility technology by integrating computer vision,natural language processing,and voice *** leveraging these advancements,the developed system offers a practical and efficient solution for assisting blind *** modular design ensures flexibility,scalability,and ease of integration with existing assistive ***,it is important to acknowledge that further research and improvements are necessary to enhance the system’s accuracy and ***-tuning the CNN models and expanding the training dataset can improve eye and face detection as well as eye classification ***,incorporating real-time responses through sophisticated natural language understanding techniques and expanding the knowledge base of ChatGPT can enhance the system’s ability to provide comprehensive and accurate ***,this research paves the way for the development of more advanced and robust systems for assisting visually impaired *** leveraging cutting-edge technologies and integrating them into amodular framework,this research contributes to creating a more inclusive and accessible society for individuals with visual *** work can focus on refining the system,addressing its limitations,and conducting user studies to evaluate its effectiveness and impact in real-world scenarios.

关键词： Social networks text analytics emoji prediction features extraction information retrieval

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Provenance and depositional setting of the Late miocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and western Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： Salih m.Awadh Zinah S.al-Ankaz mohanad R.A.al-Owaidi John S.Armstrong-altrin Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq Department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq Department of Applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico Department of marine Sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co, V, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, which is lower than that of the average crustal compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian Shale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones were recycled and derived from a distal source. The Th/Co, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late miocene–Pliocene sandstones were derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian Shield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin

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Charged Particles Capture Cross-section by a Weakly Charged Schwarzschild Black Hole

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 143-148页

作者： A.m.al Zahrani A.al-Jama Physics Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

We study the capture cross-section of charged particles by a weakly charged Schwarzschild black *** dependence of the maximum impact parameter for capture on the particle’s energy is investigated numerically for different values of the electromagnetic coupling strength between the particle and the black *** capture cross-section is then *** show that the capture cross-section is independent of the electromagnetic coupling for ultra-relativistic *** astrophysical implications of our results are discussed.

关键词： accretion accretion disks black hole physics stars: black holes

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Single image super-resolution:a comprehensive review and recent insight

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 139-156页

作者： Hanadi al-mEKHLAFI Shiguang LIU College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Super-resolution(SR)is a long-standing problem in image processing and computer vision and has attracted great attention from researchers over the *** main concept of SR is to reconstruct images from low-resolution(LR)to high-resolution(HR).It is an ongoing process in image technology,through up-sampling,de-blurring,and *** neural network(CNN)has been widely used to enhance the resolution of images in recent *** alternative methods use deep learning to improve the progress of image super-resolution based on ***,we review the recent findings of single image super-resolution using deep learning with an emphasis on distillation knowledge used to enhance image super-resolution.,it is also to highlight the potential applications of image super-resolution in security monitoring,medical diagnosis,microscopy image processing,satellite remote sensing,communication transmission,the digital multimedia industry and video ***,we present the challenges and assess future trends in super-resolution based on deep learning.

关键词： super-resolution deep learning single-image interpolation-based learning-based reconstruction-based

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RoGRUT: A Hybrid Deep Learning model for Detecting Power Trapping in Smart Grids

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3175-3192页

作者： Farah mohammad Saad al-Ahmadi Jalal al-muhtadi Center of Excellence in Information Assurance(CoEIA) King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia College of Computer&Information Sciences King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

Electricity theft is a widespread non-technical issue that has a negative impact on both power grids and electricity *** hinders the economic growth of utility companies,poses electrical risks,and impacts the high energy costs borne by *** development of smart grids is crucial for the identification of power theft since these systems create enormous amounts of data,including information on client consumption,which may be used to identify electricity theft using machine learning and deep learning ***,there also exist different solutions such as hardware-based solutions to detect electricity theft that may require human resources and expensive ***-based solutions are presented in the literature to identify electricity theft but due to the dimensionality curse,class imbalance issue and improper hyper-parameter tuning of such models lead to poor *** this research,a hybrid deep learning model abbreviated as RoGRUT is proposed to detect electricity theft as amalicious and non-malicious *** key steps of the RoGRUT are data preprocessing that covers the problem of class imbalance,feature extraction and final theft *** advanced-level models like RoBERTa is used to address the curse of dimensionality issue,the near miss for class imbalance,and transfer learning for *** effectiveness of the RoGRUTis evaluated using the dataset fromactual smartmeters.A significant number of simulations demonstrate that,when compared to its competitors,the RoGRUT achieves the best classification *** performance evaluation of the proposed model revealed exemplary results across *** accuracy achieved was 88%,with precision at an impressive 86%and recall reaching 84%.The F1-Score,a measure of overall performance,stood at 85%.Furthermore,themodel exhibited a noteworthymatthew correlation coefficient of 78%and excelled with an area under the curve of 91%.

关键词： Electricity theft smart grid RoBERTa GRU transfer learning

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Developing a model for Parkinson’s Disease Detection Using machine Learning algorithms

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4945-4962页

作者： Naif al mudawi Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a chronic neurological condition that progresses over *** start to have trouble speaking,writing,walking,or performing other basic skills as dopamine-generating neurons in some brain regions are injured or *** patient’s symptoms become more severe due to the worsening of their signs over *** this study,we applied state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to diagnose Parkinson’s disease and identify related risk *** research worked on the publicly available dataset on PD,and the dataset consists of a set of significant characteristics of *** aim to apply soft computing techniques and provide an effective solution for medical professionals to diagnose PD *** research methodology involves developing a model using a machine learning *** the model selection,eight different machine learning techniques were adopted:Namely,Random Forest(RF),Decision Tree(DT),Support Vector machine(SVm),Naïve Bayes(NB),Light Gradient Boosting machine(LightGBm),K-Nearest Neighbours(KNN),Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost),and Logistic Regression(LR).Subsequently,the concentrated models were validated through 10-fold Cross-Validation and Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)—Area Under the Curve(AUC).In addition,GridSearchCV was utilised to measure each algorithm’s best parameter;eventually,the models were trained through the hyperparameter tuning *** 98%accuracy,LightGBm had the highest accuracy in this ***,KNN,and SVm came in second with 96%***,the performance scores of NB and LR were recorded to be 76%and 83%,*** is to be mentioned that after applying 10-fold cross-validation,the average performance score of LightGBm accounted for 93%.At the same time,the percentage of ROC-AUC appeared at 0.92,which indicates that this LightGBm model reached a satisfactory ***,we extracted meaningful insights and figured out potential gaps on top of *** extracting meaningful in

关键词： Light GBm cross-validation ROC-AUC Parkinson’s disease(PD) SVm and XGBoost

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A new fractional order 6D chaotic model:Study of model dynamics,system structure graph,electronic circuit realization and fractional control

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 112-125页

作者： m.Higazy Norah almalki Shabbir muhammad A.al-Ghamdi Department of mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Physics and Engineering mathematics Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf 32952Egypt Research Center for Advanced materials Science(RCAmS) King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha 61413Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004Abha 61413Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 80203Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

A new fractional 6D chaotic model is constructed in this *** new fractional 6D chaotic model has six positive parameters plus the fractional order with eight nonlinear *** complicated chaotic dy-namics of the new fractional 6D model is presented and *** basic properties of this model are studied and its chaotic attractors,dissipative feature,symmetry,equilibrium points,Lyapunov Exponents are *** new dynamics of the 6D fractional model is numerically simulated using matlab *** addition,utilizing the graph theory tools certain structural characteristics are *** electrical circuit is built to implement the new 5.4 fractional order 6D ***,an active fractional order controller is proposed to control the new model at different fractional *** chaos of the new model is very useful and can be used to produce random keys for data encryption.

关键词： Chaotic systems Fractional calculus Lyapunov exponents Chaotic attractors Adjacency matrix Hermitian matrix Electronic circuit realization

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The optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source function

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 68-84页

作者： Firas A.A.al-Kabbawi Independent scholar Livingston Scotland UNITED KINGDOM

The main objective of this study is to develop the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infiniteconductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir based on a new instantaneous source function. The available semi-analytical infinite-conductivity models（ICms） for horizontal well under rectangular bounded reservoir in literature were developed by applying superposition of pressures in space（SPS）. A new instantaneous source function（i.e., instantaneous uniform-flux segmentary source function under bounded reservoir） is derived to be used instead of SPS to develop the optimal semi-analytical *** new semi-analytical ICm is verified with ICm of Schlumberger [1] and with previous semi-analytical ICms in terms of bottom hole pressure（BHP） profile and inflow rate distribution along the wellbore. The model is also validated with real horizontal wells in terms of inflow rate distribution along the wellbore. The results show that the developed model gives the optimal semi-analytical modeling for the infinite-conductivity horizontal well performance under rectangular bounded reservoir. Besides that, high computationalefficiency and high-resolution of wellbore discretization have been achieved（i.e., wellbore segment number could be tens of hundreds depending on solution requirement）. The results also show that at pseudosteady state（PSS） flow regime, inflow rate distribution along the wellbore by previous semi-analytical ICms is stabilized U-shaped as performance of inflow rate distribution at late radial flow regime. Therefore, the previous semi-analytical ICms are incorrectly modeling inflow rate distribution at PSS flow regime due to the negative influence of applying SPS. The optimal semi-analytical ICm is in a general form and real time domain,and can be applicable for 3D horizontal well and 2D vertical fracture well under infinite and rectangular bounded reservoirs, of uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity wellbore conditions at any time of

关键词： Infinite-conductivity model Horizontal well performance Semi-analytical modeling Rectangular bounded reservoir Instantaneous source functions Flow regimes

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Degradation pathways of amino acids during thermal utilization of biomass: a review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 67-95页

作者： mubarak al-Kwradi mohammednoor altarawneh Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain 15551United Arab Emirates

Amino acids are important nitrogen carriers in biomass and entail a broad spectrum of industrial uses,most notably as food additives,pharmaceutical ingredients,and raw materials for bio-based *** detailed information in regard to the fragmentation of amino acids is essential to comprehend the nitrogen transformation chemistry at conditions encountered during hydrothermal and pyrolytic degradation of *** underlying aim of this review is to survey literature studies pertinent to the complex structures of amino acids,their formation yields from various categories of biomass,and their fragmentation routes at elevated temperatures and in the aqueous *** predominant degradation reactions ensue in the decomposition of amino acids,namely deamination and ***,minor differences in structure can greatly affect the fate for each amino ***,amino acids,being nitrogen-rich compounds,play pivotal roles across various *** is a growing interest in producing varied types and configurations of amino *** fermentation appears to a viable approach to produce amino acids at an industrial *** innovative method under investigation is catalytic synthesis using renewable biomass as *** a method taps into the inherent nitrogen in biomass sources like chitin and proteins,eliminating the need for external nitrogen *** environmentally friendly approach is in line with green chemistry principles and has been gathering momentum in the scientific community.

关键词： amino acids pyrolysis biomass nitrogen mechanisms bioenergy

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