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体外法研究日粮不同来源氮和碳水化合物比例对干物质体外降解率的影响

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动物营养学报 2004年第4期16卷 18-24页

作者：谭支良周传社 m.a.shah m.R.murphy 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 DepartmentofAnimalScience UniversityofIllinois UrbanaIL61801USA

本试验的氮源是纯化大豆蛋白(IsolatedSoybeanProtein,ISP)和尿素(NPN),按80:20、50:50和20:80分3组;碳水化合物源分别是从干草中提取的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、玉米淀粉和蔗糖,按10:85:5、10:80:10、10:75:15、30:65:5、30:60:10、30:55:15、50:45:5、50:40:10和50:35:15分9组的3×9因子实验设计。应用体外尼龙袋发酵技术,研究了奶牛日粮不同来源氮和碳水化合物及其比例对干物质(Dm)体外降解率的影响。结果表明,过量补充尿素及随着日粮中淀粉和蔗糖比例的增加,日粮干物质的体外降解率均下降。根据试验结果,建议在泌乳期奶牛的全混合日粮中尿素的补充量应低于干物质的2.8%,非结构性碳水化合物的含量不应超过干物质的45%。

关键词：氮碳水化合物干物质降解率体外法

日粮不同来源氮和碳水化合物比例对中性洗涤纤维体外降解率的影响

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动物营养学报 2005年第1期17卷 29-29页

作者：谭支良周传社 m.a.shah m.R.murphy 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 DepartmentofAnimalScience UniversityofIllinoisUrbanaIL61801USA

本试验的目的是研究日粮纯化大豆蛋白与尿素蛋白比例和NDF、淀粉与蔗糖比例及其组合对NDF和Dm体外降解率的影响,为优化高产泌乳期荷尔斯坦奶牛的日粮结构提供营养参数。试验将纯化大豆蛋白和尿素分别组合成80∶20、50∶50和20∶80三个比... 详细信息

本试验的目的是研究日粮纯化大豆蛋白与尿素蛋白比例和NDF、淀粉与蔗糖比例及其组合对NDF和Dm体外降解率的影响,为优化高产泌乳期荷尔斯坦奶牛的日粮结构提供营养参数。试验将纯化大豆蛋白和尿素分别组合成80∶20、50∶50和20∶80三个比例,将干草中提取的NDF、玉米淀粉和蔗糖分别组合成10∶85∶5、10∶80∶10、10∶75∶15、30∶65∶5、30∶60∶10、30∶55∶15、50∶45∶5、50∶40∶10和50∶35∶15九个比例,然后按3×9因子实验设计。应用体外尼龙袋发酵技术,研究了奶牛日粮不同来源氮和碳水化合物及其比例对中性洗涤纤维体外降解率的影响。结果表明,过量补充尿素及随着日粮中淀粉和蔗糖比例的增加,日粮纤维的体外降解率下降。建议在泌乳期奶牛的全混合日粮中尿素的补充量应低于干物质的2.8%,非结构性碳水化合物的含量不能超过干物质的45%。

关键词：中性洗涤纤维降解率比例体外非结构性碳水化合物氮大豆蛋白全混合日粮 NDF 营养参数日粮结构玉米淀粉实验设计发酵技术奶牛日粮日粮纤维泌乳期组合成干物质尿素蔗糖分尼龙袋补充量纯化试验干草

An integrated approach for GLOF hazard,vulnerability and risk assessment in the Karakoram mountain Range of northern Pakistan

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Journal of mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 142-155页

作者： Sajid ULLAH muhammad SHAFIQUE Ghazanfar Ali KHATTAK Attaullah shah Yaseen ULLAH National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25000Pakistan GIS and Space Application in Geosciences National Centre of GIS and Space Applications(NCGSA)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Karakoram International University Gilgit 15100Pakistan

Climate change and rising temperatures are accelerating the rate of deglaciation in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Himalaya(HKH)ranges,leading to the formation of new glacial lakes and the expansion of existing *** lakes are often vulnerable to failure,posing a significant threat to downstream communities and ***,a comprehensive assessment of Glacier-Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF)hazards and risk assessment is crucial to evaluate flood runout characteristics and identify settlements and infrastructure that are exposed and vulnerable to floods,aiding in the development and implementation of risk reduction *** study aims to simulate a GLOF event induced by the Shisper glacier lake in northern Pakistan,using the HEC-RAS,and to assess its impact on settlements,infrastructure,and agricultural *** the hydrometeorological analysis of the GLOF event,topographic data from unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),stream profiles,discharge data,manning's roughness coefficient(n),and land use/land cover(LULC)were analyzed using HEC-RAS and geographic information system(GIS).During the GLOF event on may 7,2022,a maximum water depth of 6.3 m and a maximum velocity of 9.5 m/s were *** on the runout characteristics of this event,vulnerability and risk assessments have been *** physical,social,and environmental vulnerabilities of the at-risk elements were evaluated using the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)and integrated with the hazard data to develop a risk *** study identified the areas,infrastructure and settlements susceptible to GLOF hazard to support the development and implementation of targeted and evidence-based mitigation and adaptation strategies.

关键词： GLOF Hazard assessment Glacial lake HEC-RAS Vulnerability and risk Shisper glacier

macular microvascular and structural changes on optical coherence tomography angiography in atypical optic neuritis

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World Journal of methodology 2025年第1期15卷 88-94页

作者： Chinmay mahatme madhurima Kaushik Veerappan Rathinasabapathy Saravanan Karthik Kumar Virna m shah Department of General Ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Neuro-ophthalmology Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia Department of Vitreoretina Aravind Eye HospitalCoimbatore 641014Tamil NāduIndia

BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NmOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(mOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management *** and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated *** the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural *** To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic *** This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NmOSD and 17 mOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy *** vascular density(mVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using *** There was a significant reduction in mVD in NmOSD and mOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy *** and mOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy *** unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to mOGAD unaffected *** comparing NmOSD with mOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of mVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected *** Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NmOSD and mOGAD cases.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography angiography Atypical optic neuritis macular microvascular changes Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disorder

Effect of divalent cations(Co^(2+) and Ni^(2+)) on microstructure,physical properties and application of NdFeO_(3)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 89-97,I0004页

作者： m.m.Arman materials Science Lab(1) Physics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt

The nanocrystalline samples Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;m:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))were prepared using the citrate combustion *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern confirmed that the nanoparticles were synthesized in an orthorhombic *** particle size of Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3) is in the range of 29-59 *** selected area electron diffraction(SAED)indicates the samples were prepared in a polycrystalline *** samples Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;m:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))have anti ferromagnetic *** Fe^(3+)spins are aligned antiparallel,forming the antiferromagnetic(AFm)properties,which are affected by many factors such as the bond angle between the Fe^(3+)(Fe^(3+)-O_(2)--Fe^(3+))and the Dzyaloshinskii-moriya(D-m)*** doping of Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+)ions in NdFeO_(3) enhances the magnetic properties of the NdFeO_(3).The saturation magnetization(ms)of Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) increases 1.8times more than that of NdFeO_(3).The exchange bias field(HEX)of the Co-doped sample is two times greater than that of NdFeO_(3).The magnetic anisotropy constant(K)of the 10%Co-doped sample increases by 11 factors compared to that of NdFeO_(3).The Tauc plot illustrates that the samples have a direct optical *** divalent cation substitution(Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))decreases the optical band gap of NdFeO_(3),leading to the recommendation of using the samples Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3) in photocatalysis of dye degradation from *** removal efficiencies of Cr6+at pH=6 are 88.06%,85.54%,and 85.52%for the samples NdFeO_(3),Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3),and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3),*** Freundlich isotherm mode is the best-fit model for NdFeO_(3) to adsorb Cr6+ions from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Optical properties Nanoparticles magnetic properties Perovskites Removal efficiency Rareearths

Alternative Strategy for Development of Dielectric Calcium Copper Titanate‑Based Electrolytes for Low‑Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 310-332页

作者： Sajid Rauf muhammad Bilal Hanif Zuhra Tayyab matej Veis mAKYousaf shah Naveed mushtaq Dmitry medvedev Yibin Tian Chen Xia martin motola Bin Zhu College of mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University BratislavaIlkovicova684215 BratislavaSlovakia Energy Storage Joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096People’s Republic of China Hydrogen Energy Laboratory Ural Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry620066 EkaterinburgRussia School of microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062People’s Republic of China

The development of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs)is of significant importance for realizing the widespread application of *** has stimulated a substantial materials research effort in developing high oxide-ion conductivity in the electrolyte layer of *** this context,for the first time,a dielectric material,CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)is designed for LT-SOFCs electrolyte application in this *** individual CCTO and its heterostructure materials with a p-type Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ)(NCAL)semiconductor are evaluated as alternative electrolytes in LT-SOFC at 450–550℃.The single cell with the individual CCTO electrolyte exhibits a power output of approximately 263 mW cm^(-2) and an open-circuit voltage(OCV)of 0.95 V at 550℃,while the cell with the CCTO–NCAL heterostructure electrolyte capably delivers an improved power output of approximately 605 mW cm^(-2) along with a higher OCV over 1.0 V,which indicates the introduction of high hole-conducting NCAL into the CCTO could enhance the cell performance rather than inducing any potential short-circuiting *** is found that these promising outcomes are due to the interplay of the dielectric material,its structure,and overall properties that led to improve electrochemical mechanism in CCTO–***,density functional theory calculations provide the detailed information about the electronic and structural properties of the CCTO and NCAL and their heterostructure CCTO–*** study thus provides a new approach for developing new advanced electrolytes for LT-SOFCs.

关键词： LT-SOFCs Dielectric CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12) Semiconductor Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)LiO_(2−δ) Ionic conductivity Heterostructure electrolyte

Nonlinear forced vibration in a subcritical regime of a porous functionally graded pipe conveying fluid with a retaining clip

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 101-122页

作者： m.GHOLAmI m.EFTEKHARI Department of mechanical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

This study examines the nonlinear behaviors of a clamped-clamped porous pipe made of a functionally graded material(FGm) that conveys fluids and is equipped with a retaining clip, focusing on primary resonance and subcritical dynamics. The nonlinear governing equations for the FGm pipe are derived by the extended Hamilton's principle, and subsequently discretized through the application of the Galerkin *** direct method of multi-scales is then used to solve the derived equations. A thorough analysis of various parameters, including the clip stiffness, the power-law index, the porosity, and the clip location, is conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the system's nonlinear dynamics. Through the analysis of the first natural frequency, the study highlights the influence of the flow velocity and the clip stiffness, while the comparisons with metallic pipes emphasize the role of FGm composition. The examination of the forced response curves reveals saddle-node bifurcations and their dependence on parameters such as the detuning parameter and the power-law index, offering valuable insights into the system's nonlinear resonant behavior. Furthermore, the frequency-response curves illustrate the hardening nonlinearities influenced by factors such as the porosity and the clip stiffness, revealing nuanced effects on the system response and resonance characteristics. This comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of nonlinear behaviors in FGm porous pipes with a retaining clip, providing key insights for practical engineering applications in system design and optimization.

关键词： functionally graded material (FGm) pipe conveying fluid O175.2 porosity primary resonance retaining clip subcritical regime

Epidemiology of liver diseases:global disease burden and forecasted research trends

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 541-557页

作者： Jia Xiao Fei Wang Yuan Yuan Jinhang Gao Lu Xiao Chao Yan Feifei Guo Jiajun Zhong Zhaodi Che Wei Li Tian Lan Frank Tacke Vijay H.shah Cui Li Hua Wang Erdan Dong Department of Gastroenterology Qingdao Central HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 510630China Division of Gastroenterology Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Biological Sciences Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 519070China Aier Institute of Ophthalmology Central South UniversityChangsha 410015China Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Clinical medicine Research Institute and Department of metabolic and Bariatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510630China Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Toho UniversityChiba Tokyo 143-8540Japan Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteBerlin 13353Germany Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochester MN 55905USA Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing 100085China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Inflammation and Immune mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Research Center forCardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Universityof Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital)Schoolof Health andLifeSciencesUniversityof Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular medicine Peking University Third HospitalState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

We assessed the global incidence,mortality,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)associated with various liver diseases,including alcohol-related liver disease(ALD),hepatitis B/C virus infections(HBV or HCV),liver cancer,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(mASLD),and other chronic liver diseases,from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease ***,we analyzed the global trends in hepatology research and drug *** 2000 to 2019,prevalence rates increased for ALD,mASLD and other liver diseases,while they decreased for HBV,HCV,and liver *** with a high socio-demographic index(SDI)exhibited the lowest mortality rates and *** burden of liver diseases varied due to factors like sex and *** nine representative countries,mASLD,along with hepatobiliary cancer,showed highest increase in funding in hepatology ***,the major research categories in hepatology papers from 2000 to 2019 were cancer,pathobiology,and *** United States(U.S.)was at the forefront of hepatology research,with China gradually increasing its influence over *** worldwide are increasingly focusing on studying the communication between the liver and other organs,while underestimating the research on ***,HCV,and mASLD were the primary diseases targeted for therapeutic development in clinical ***,the proportion of new drugs approved for the treatment of liver diseases was relatively low among all newly approved drugs in the U.S.,China,Japan,and the European ***,there were no approved drug for the treatment of ALD in the world.

关键词： liver disease disease burden GBD estimate research trend drug development

Research and development of the back-end electronics for the two-dimensional improved resistive plate chambers in CmS upgrade

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Radiation Detection Technology and methods 2021年第2期5卷 181-191页

作者： P.Cao Z-A.Liu J.Zhao H.Kou J.Tao J.Song W.Gong N.Wang A.Samalan m.Tytgat N.Zaganidis G.A.Alves F.marujo F.Torres.Da.S.ilva.De.Araujo E.m.Da Costa D.De Jesus Damiao H.Nogima A.Santoro S.Fonseca De Souza A.Aleksandrov R.Hadjiiska P.Iaydjiev m.Rodozov m.Shopova G.Sultanov m.Bonchev A.Dimitrov L.Litov B.Pavlov P.Petkov A.Petrov S.J.Qian C.Bernal A.Cabrera J.Fraga A.Sarkar S.Elsayed Y.Assran m.El Sawy m.A.mahmoud Y.mohammed X.Chen C.Combaret m.Gouzevitch G.Grenier I.Laktineh L.mirabito K.Shchablo I.Bagaturia D.Lomidze I.Lomidze V.Bhatnagar R.Gupta P.Kumari J.Singh V.Amoozegar B.Boghrati m.Ebraimi R.Ghasemi m.mohammadi Najafabadi E.Zareian m.Abbrescia R.Aly W.Elmetenawee N.De Filippis A.Gelmi G.Iaselli S.Leszki F.Loddo I.margjeka G.Pugliese D.Ramos L.Benussi S.Bianco D.Piccolo S.Buontempo A.Di Crescenzo F.Fienga G.De Lellis L.Lista S.meola P.Paolucci A.Braghieri P.Salvini P.montagna C.Riccardi P.Vitulo B.Francois T.J.Kim J.Park S.Y.Choi B.Hong K.S.Lee J.Goh H.Lee J.Eysermans C.Uribe Estrada I.Pedraza H.Castilla-Valdez A.Sanchez-Hernandez C.A.mondragon Herrera D.A.Perez Navarro G.A.Ayala Sanchez S.Carrillo E.Vazquez A.Radi A.Ahmad I.Asghar H.Hoorani S.muhammad m.a.shah I.Crotty Department of Physics and Astronomy Ghent UniversityProeftuinstraat 869000 GhentBelgium Centro Brasileiro Pesquisas Fisicas R.Dr.Xavier Sigaud150-UrcaRio de JaneiroRJ 22290-180Brazil Dep.de Fisica Nuclear e Altas Energias Instituto de FisicaUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRua Sao Francisco Xavier524BR-Rio de Janeiro 20559-900RJBrazil Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Inst.for Nucl.Res.and Nucl.EnergyTzarigradsko shaussee Boulevard 721784 SofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics University of Sofia5 James Bourchier Boulevard1164 SofiaBulgaria School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of High Energy Physics UCAS/CAS19(B)Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Universidad de Los Andes Apartado Aereo 4976Carrera 1Eno.18A 10BogotaCOColombia Egyptian Network for High Energy Physics Academy of Scientific Research and Technology101 Kasr El-Einy St.CairoEgypt The British University in Egypt(BUE) P.O.Box 43Elsherouk CitySuez Desert RoadCairo 11837Egypt Suez University Elsalam CitySuez-Cairo RoadSuez 43522Egypt Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-SuefEgypt Center for High Energy Physics Faculty of ScienceFayoum UniversityEl-Fayoum 63514Egypt Univ Lyon Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRS/IN2P3IP2I LyonUMR 582269622 VilleurbanneFrance Georgian Technical University 77 Kostava Str.Tbilisi 0175Georgia Department of Physics Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India School of Particles and Accelerators Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences(IPM)P.O.Box 19395-5531TehranIran School of Engineering Damghan UniversityDamghan ***Iran INFN Sezione di BariVia Orabona 470126 BariItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati(LNF)Via Enrico Fermi 4000044 FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di NapoliComplesso Univ.Monte S.AngeloVia Cintia80126 NaplesItaly INFN Sezione di PaviaVia Bassi 6PaviaItaly INFN Sezione di Pavia and University of PaviaVia Bassi 6PaviaItaly Hanyang University 222 Wangsimni-roSageun-dongSeongdong

Purpose To complement and ensure redundancy in the endcap muon system of the Compact muon Solenoid(CmS)detector and to extend the Resistive Plate Chamber(RPC)system coverage,improved RPCs(iRPCs)with either orthogonal layer strips with one-end electronics or single layer strips with two-end electronics providing more precise time measurement will be installed in the very forward pseudorapidity region of|η|m needs to support twodimensional(2D)or two-end *** addition,it must combine detector data with Timing,Trigger and fast Control(TTC)and Slow Control(SC)into one data stream over a bi-directional optical link with a line rate of 4.8 Gb/s between the Front-End Electronics(FEE)and the Back-End Electronics(BEE).To fulfill these requirements,a prototype BEE for the iRPC 2D chamber has been researched and *** A micro-Telecommunication and Computing Architecture(μTCA)-based processing card was designed in this study to establish a prototype system together with aμTCA *** Giga-Bit Transceiver(GBT)protocol is integrated to provide bi-directional communication between the FEE and BEE.A server is connected with the BEE by a Gigabit Ethernet(GbE)link for SC and a 10-GbE link for Data AcQuisition(DAQ).Results The Bit Error Rate(BER)test of the back-end board and a joint test with the iRPC 2D prototype chamber were *** less than 1.331×10−16 was *** timemeasurement with a resolution of 3.05 nswas successfully realized,and detector efficiencies of 97.7%for longitudinal strips and 96.0%for orthogonal strips were *** results demonstrate the correctness and reliability of the prototype *** The BEE prototype satisfies the requirements for the iRPC 2D chamber,and it worked stably and reliably during a long-term joint test run.

关键词： CmS iRPC TTC SC BEE μTCA GBT DAQ