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Short-term effect of supplemental yeast extract without or with feed enzymes on growth performance, immune status and gut structure of weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 378-390页

作者： Samuel m.Waititu Fugui Yin Rob Patterson Juan C.Rodriguez-Lecompte Charles m.Nyachoti Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba201-12 Dafoe RoadWinnipegM6 R3T 2N2Canada Canadian Bio-systems Inc. CalgaryAB T2C OJTCanada Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPE C1A 4P3Canada

Background： This study investigated the response of piglets receiving a yeast extract without or with a multi-enzyme mixture compared with an antimicrobial growth promoter（AGP） on performance, immune status and gut structure after an E. coli lipopolysaccharide（LPS） challenge. Thirty-six pigs were allotted to six treatments including： a non-challenged control（NCC）; LPS-challenged control（CC）; CC ＋ AGP; CC ＋ yeast extract; CC ＋ enzymes; and CC ＋ enzymes ＋ yeast extract. On d 7, pigs were bled and thereafter injected with LPS or sterile saline. Blood samples were collected at 6, 48, and 96 h post-challenge. After 96 h post-challenge, pigs were euthanized to obtain duodenal, jejunal and ileal ***： Overall（d 1 to 11）, compared with CC pigs, AGP attenuated the LPS-induced reduction in ADG（P = 0.004）,ADFI（P = 0.03） and gain/feed ratio（P = 0.01）. At 6 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower plasma urea N（PUN; P = 0.02）and serum TNF-α concentration（P = 0.07）, and higher platelet count（P = 0.04） and serum IL-10 concentration（P = 0.02） than CC pigs. At 48 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN（P = 0.02） than CC pigs, whereas enzymes ＋ yeast extract interacted non-additively（P = 0.001） to reduce PUN. At 96 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN（P = 0.02）and higher duodenal（P = 0.03）, jejunal（P = 0.01） and ileal（P = 0.07） villus height than CC pigs. In addition, enzymes ＋yeast extract interacted additively and non-additively to reduce ileal IFN-γ（P 0.10） were observed between AGP and enzymes ＋ yeast extract pigs on other measured parameters except for the downregulation of ileal IFN-γ（P ＆lt; 0.0001） and TNF-α（P = 0.003） in enzymes ＋ yeast extract pigs at 96 h ***： The LPS challenged piglets receiving enzymes ＋ yeast extract showed beneficial responses in gut structure and immunity commensurate with those receiving antibiotics, though the latter had better overall growth performance.

关键词： Antimicrobial growth promoter Feed enzymes Growth performance Immunity Nucleotides Piglets

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Non-malarial fever among pregnant women in medani Hospital,Sudan:diagnostic uncertainty and overtreatment with quinine

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2010年第5期3卷 392-394页

作者： Elhassan m Elhassan Abd Elrahium D Haggaz mamoun m magzoub Ishag Adam University of Geizera University of Kassala Faculty of medicine University of Khartoum

Objective:To investigate the accuracy of malaria diagnosis among pregnant women admitted in medani maternity Hospital,Central Sudan during June-October 2009 and to investigate the antimalarials prescribed in this ***:Soeio-demographic characteristics and obstetrics history were gathered using pre-tested *** finger prick blood samples were collected from pregnant women who admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria *** antimalarial treatment prescribed by treating doctor was inquired ***:Only 21(8.6%) out of 243 pregnant women admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria were found to have blood film *** was no significant difference in the specificity of the microscopy accuracy between those who have been investigated in the private and governmental sector,15/193(8.2%) vs.6/60(10%),(P>0.05).Quinine infusion was the prescribed drug in this ***:There is a very poor specificity of malaria microscopy in pregnant women admitted to madani maternity *** was the drug *** control programme should interfere urgently to change this situation.

关键词： malaria Pregnancy Diagnosis RDTs Sudan

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Assessing tree crown fire damage integrating linear spectral mixture analysis and supervised machine learning on Sentinel-2 imagery

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 3162-3198页

作者： Giandomenico De Luca Giuseppe modica Joao m.N.Silva Salvatore Praticò Josém.C.Pereira Dipartimento di Agrari1 Universitàdegli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabri1Reggio Calabri1Italy Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie Universitàdegli Studi di Messin1Messin1Italy Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal

Crown fire damage is a mixture of three principal fire-related components:charred material,scorched foliage,and unaltered green *** study estimated the abundance of these physical alterations in two immediate post-fire mediterranean forest contexts(Portugal and Italy)by applying linear spectral mixture analysis(LSmA)on Sentinel-2 *** tree crowns fire damage was subsequently mapped,integrating fractional abundance information in a random forest(RF)algorithm,comparing the accuracy resulting from the adoption of generic or image spectral libraries as the primary investigative *** image-derived endmembers resulted in more effectiveness in terms of fire-related components abundance quantification(LmSAderived RmSEmembers or image endmembers derived information was *** environmental heterogeneity of the two study areas affected the fire severity gradients,with a prevalence of the charred(PT)(45–46%)and green class(IT)(44–53%).Post-fire temporal monitoring was initialized by applying the proposed strategies,and the preliminary results showed a positive recovery trend in forest vegetation from the first year following the fire event,with a reduced charcoal predominance and an increasing proportion of green components.

关键词： Post-fire assessment fire severity post-fire vegetation recovery random forest(RF) scikit-learn fraction image extraction spectral unmixing endmembers crown fire damage mapping fully constrained least squares pixel purity index

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Enzyme-mediated Hydrolysis of Poly(ethylene glycol)-Supported Carbonates

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 768-769页

作者： K. matsumoto m. Shimojo m. Nogawa m. Okudomi Department of Chemistry Meisei University Hodokubo 2-1-1 Hino Tokyo 191-8506 JapanDepartment of Chemistry Meisei University Hodokubo 2-1-1 Hino Tokyo 191-8506 JapanDepartment of Chemistry Meisei University Hodokubo 2-1-1 Hino Tokyo 191-8506 JapanDepartment of Chemistry Meisei University Hodokubo 2-1-1 Hino Tokyo 191-8506 Japan

Enzymatic kinetic resolution of racemic alcohols or esters is known as a useful method for the preparation of optically active secondary alcohols. However, the work-up including the separation of the mixture of the remaining substrate and the resulting compound spend a lot of time and waste much amount of solvents. On the other hand, organic synthesis based on polymer supports has made rapid progress. Although the methodology is potentially useful for the easy separation of compounds obtained by the enzymatic reaction, there have been relatively few reports on enzymatic resolutions of using a polymer so far. We have noticed that using a watersoluble polymer could be suitable for enzymatic transformation. Here, we report the first example of an enzyme-mediated enantioselective hydrolysis of poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)-supported substrates with a carbonate moiety to afford optically active compounds, and the method enables us to achieve the easy separation of the products[1]. See Scheme 1.

关键词：聚乙烯乙二醇酶水解光学活性化合物分离技术

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Performance study of jute-epoxy composites/sandwiches under normal ballistic impact

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2020年第4期16卷 947-955页

作者： Sangamesh Rajole K.S.Ravishankar S.m.Kulkarni Department of mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalMangalore 575025India Department of metallurgical and materials Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalMangalore 575025India

This study is undertaken to explore the use of natural fiber Jute-epoxy(JE),Jute-epoxy-rubber(JRE)sandwich composite for ballistic energy *** absorbed and residual velocities for these composites are evaluated analytically and through Finite Element Analysis(FEA).FE analysis of JE plates is carried out for different thicknesses(3,5,10 and 15 mm).JE plates and JRE sandwiches having the same thickness(15 mm) are fabricated and tested to measure residual velocity and energy *** analytical results are found to agree well with the results of FE analysis with a maximum error of 9%.The study on JE composite plate reveals that thickness influences the energy *** and FE analysis study showed that JRE sandwiches have better energy absorption than JE *** absorption of a JRE sandwich is about 71% greater than JE *** obtained from FEA and testing are in good agreement,SEm analysis confirms composites failed by fiber rupture and fragmentation.

关键词： Energy absorption Composites Polymer composites Ballistic impact High velocity impact

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Stratified magnetohydrodynamic flow of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid induced by inclined sheet

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2017年第2期38卷 271-288页

作者： T. HAYAT m. mUmTAZ A. SHAFIQ A. ALSAEDI Department of mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Nonlinear Analysis and Applied mathematics (NAAm) Research Group Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia Department of mathematics Preston University Kohat Islamabad Campus Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

This paper studies stratified magnetohydrodynamic （mHD） flow of tan- gent hyperbolic nanofluid past an inclined exponentially stretching surface. The flow is subjected to velocity, thermal, and solutal boundary conditions. The partial differential systems are reduced to ordinary differential systems using appropriate transformations. The reduced systems are solved for convergent series solutions. The velocity, temperature, and concentration fields are discussed for different physical parameters. The results indi- cate that the temperature and the thermal boundary layer thickness increase noticeably for large values of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. It is also observed that the buoyancy parameter strengthens the velocity field, showing a decreasing behavior of temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction profiles.

关键词： two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (mHD) flow tangent hyperbolicnanofluid mixed convection exponential stretching double stratification inclined sheet

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Response of saproxylic insect communities to logging history, tree species, stage of decay, and wood posture in the central Nearctic boreal forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第5期29卷 1365-1377页

作者： R.W.James Dennis Jay R.malcolm Sandy m.Smith m.Isabel Bellocq Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto 33 Willcocks St.Toronto ON M5S 3B3 Canada Departamento de Ecología Genética y EvoluciónFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires and IEGEBA (CONICET)Buenos Aires Argentina

Saproxylic insect assemblages are essential functional components of forest ecosystems that can be affected by forest *** used a split-plot ANOVA design to analyze differences in selected saproxylic insects（all arthropod orders and dipteran and parasitic hymenopteran families） emerging from dead wood of sites with different logging histories（horse-logged,mechanically-logged and unlogged）,tree species（Populus and Picea）,stage of decay（early-and late-decay stages） and posture（standing and downed logs） in the boreal forest of central *** clear effects of logging history were seen for the studied taxa; however,interaction between logging history and other dead wood features was *** consistently emerged more from Populus than from Picea dead *** of the studied saproxylic families were more abundant in late-decay than in early-decay *** of the Cecidomyiidae,Ceratopogonidae,Empididae,mycetophilidae and Sciaridae families,and hymenopterans of the Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae families were significantly more abundant in downed than in standing dead *** contrast,mymaridae was most abundant in standing dead *** study provides evidence that some insects at high taxonomic levels respond differently to dead wood quality,and this could inform future management strategies in the boreal forest for the conservation of saproxylic fauna and their ecological functions.

关键词： Boreal forest Dead wood quality Forest harvesting High-level taxa Saproxylic insects

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mobility of Arsenic and Heavy metals in a Sandy-Loam Textured and Carbonated Soil

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 166-175页

作者： I. GARC íA m. DIEZ F. mART íN m. SImóN C. DORRONSORO Departamento Edafologia y Quimica Agricola CITE IIB Carretera Sacramento s/n 04120 University of Almeria (Spain) Departamento Edafologia y Quimica Agricola Campus Fuentenueva s/n 18002 University of Granada (Spain)

The continued effect of the pyrite-tailing oxidation on the mobility of arsenic, lead, zinc, cadmium, and copper was studied in a carbonated soil under natural conditions, with the experimental plot preserved with a layer of tailing covering the soil during three years. The experimental area is located in Southern Spain and was affected by a pyrite-mine spill. The climate in the area is typically mediterranean, which determines the rate of soil alteration and element mobility. The intense alteration processes that occurred in the soil during three years caused important changes in its morphology and a strong degradation of the main soil properties. In this period, lead concentrated in the first 5 mm of the soil, with concentrations higher than 1500 mg kg?1, mainly associated to the neoformation of plumbojarosite. Arsenic was partially leached from the first 5 mm and mainly concentrated between 5–10 mm in the soil, with maximum values of 1239 mg kg-1; the retention of arsenates was related to the neoformation of iron hydroxysulfates (jarosite, schwertmannite) and oxyhydroxides (goethite, ferrihydrite), both with a variable degree of crystallinity. The mobility of Zn, Cd, and Cu was highly affected by pH, producing a stronger leaching in depth; their retention was related to the forms of precipitated aluminium and, in the case of Cu, also to the neoformation of hydroxysulfate.

关键词： arsenic heavy metals oxidation pyrite-tailing soil

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Smooth quadrotor trajectory generation for tracking a moving target in cluttered environments

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第7期64卷 132-147页

作者： Lele XI Zhihong PENG Lei JIAO Ben m.CHEN School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex System Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

In this paper, we present a trajectory generation method of a quadrotor, based on the optimal smoothing B-spline, for tracking a moving target with consideration of relative tracking pattern or limited field of view of the onboard sensor in cluttered environments. Compared to existing methods, safe flying zone,vehicle physical limits, and smoothness are fully considered to guarantee flight safety, kinodynamic feasibility, and tracking performance. To tackle the cluttered environments, a parallel particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied to find the feasible waypoints that the generated trajectory should be as close to as possible, with consideration of the target’s future state as well as obstacles to trade off the tracking performance and flight safety. Then, a sequential motion planning method, considering the above constraints, is applied and embedded into a cost function for solving the problem of robust tracking trajectory generation for the quadrotor via a convex optimization approach. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulations.

关键词： quadrotor target tracking trajectory generation B-spline convex optimization

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Flash Lamps as Ignition and Initiation Sources of the VS-2 Pyrotechnic Composition

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含能材料 2022年第4期30卷 370-378页

作者： Sergey I.Gerasimov mikhail A.Ilyushin Sergey m.Putis Sergey A.Dushenok Irina V.Shugalei Andrey m.Sudarikov Russian Federal Nuclear Center‑All‑Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics SarovRussia Sarov Institute of Physics and Technology is a Branch of the Scientific Research Nuclear University mEPhI SarovRussia Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University Named after R.E.Alekseev Nizhny NovgorodRussia RAS Institute for Studying Problems in mechanical Engineering ‑is a Branch of the RAS Applied Physics InstituteNizhny NovgorodRussia "Technologist"Special Design and Technological Bureau St.PetersburgRussia Saint‑Petersburg State Institute of Technology(Technical University) St.PetersburgRussia Russian State Hydro‑meteorological University St.PetersburgRussia

In the present work it is found that the pyrotechnic composition VS⁃2 can be initiated with flash lamps IFC⁃500 and ***⁃2 pyrotechnic composition contains 90%of mercury(Ⅱ)5⁃hydrazinotetrazolate perchlorate and 10%of optically trans⁃parent copolymer of 2⁃methyl⁃5⁃vinyltetrazole and methacrylic acid(PVmT).We have found that the flash lamps make it possi⁃ble to initiate combustion of VS⁃2 composition with its transition to detonation both in cylindrical charges placed in brass caps of 5 mm diameter and 2 mm high,and film charges with 10 mm×80 mm in size and surface weights of 60 mg·cm^(-2)and 90 mg·cm^(-2),showing ignition delay times 10μs and 3μs,*** also measured detonation velocities for VS⁃2 composition film charges,which were 4375-4505 m·s^(-1)(of the charge being surface mass 60 mg·cm^(-2))and 4221-4281 m·s^(-1)(of the charge be⁃ing surface mass 90 mg·cm^(-2))and their blasting action on the aluminum *** depths of the normal shock wave imprints at the charge⁃barrier interface were 0.6-0.7 mm(for surface mass of the film charges 60 mg·cm^(-2))and 1.2-1.3 mm(for surface mass of the film charges 90 mg·cm^(-2))

关键词： VS⁃2 pyrotechnic composition flash lamps ignition transition of combustion to detonation blasting action

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