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radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.molloy D.raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere m.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone D.margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majora.a ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura.and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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In vivo polydopamine coating of Rhodobacter sphaeroides for enhanced electron transfer

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 875-881页

作者： Rossella Labarile Danilo Vona maria Varsalona matteo Grattieri melania Reggente Roberto Comparelli Gianluca m.Farinola Fabian Fischer Ardemis A.Boghossian massimo Trotta Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheBari 70126Italy Dipartimento di Chimica Universitàdegli Studi di BariBari 70126Italy Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering(ISIC) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Institute of Life Technologies HES-SO Valais-Wallis1950 SionSwitzerland Institute for Renewable Energy HES-SO Valais-Wallis1950 SionSwitzerland

Recent advances in coupling light-harvesting microorganisms with electronic components have led to a new generation of biohybrid devices based on microbial *** devices are limited by the poorly conductive interface between phototrophs and synthetic materials that inhibit charge *** study focuses on overcoming this bottleneck through the metabolically-driven encapsulation of photosynthetic cells with a bio-inspired conductive *** of the purple non sulfur bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides were coated with a polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticle layer via the self-polymerization of dopamine under anaerobic *** treated cells show preserved light absorption of the photosynthetic pigments in the presence of dopamine concentrations ranging between 0.05–3.5 *** thickness and nanoparticle formation of the membrane-associated PDA matrix were further shown to vary with the dopamine concentrations in this *** to uncoated cells,the encapsulated cells show up to a 20-fold enhancement in transient photocurrent measurements under mediatorless *** biologically synthesized PDA can thus act as a matrix for electronically coupling the light-harvesting metabolisms of cells with conductive surfaces.

关键词： bioelectronics photosynthetic bacteria purple bacteria electron transfer polydopamine biophotovoltaics

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ETA INVARIANTS, DIFFERENTIAL CHAraCTERS AND FLAT VECTOR BUNDLES

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Chinese Annals of mathematics,Series B 2005年第1期26卷 15-44页

作者： J.m.BISmUT Département de mathématique Université Paris-sud B■timent 425F-91405 Orsay CedexFrance

The purpose of this paper is to give a refinement of the Atiyah-Singer families index theorem at the level of differential characters. Also a Riemann-Roch-Grothendieck theorem for the direct image of flat vector bundles by proper submersions is proved,with Chern classes with coefficients in C/Q. These results are much related to prior work of Gillet-Soule, Bismut-Lott and Lott.

关键词： Characteristic classes and numbers Index theory and related fixed point theorems Heat and other parabolic equation methods

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Inhibition of nitrification in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第5期15卷 607-610页

作者： A.Arora Bijay Singh Dhiraj sud T.Srivastava C.L.Arora PunjabAgriculturalUniversity PunjabAgriculturalUniversitySantLongowalInstituteofEngineering&TechnologySantLongowalInstituteofEngineering&TechnologyPunjabAgriculturalUniversity Ludhiana141004PunjabIndiaLudhiana141004PunjabIndiaLongowalPunjabIndiaLongowalPunjabIndiaLudhiana141004PunjabIndia

Nitrification acts as a key process in determining fertilizer use efficiency by crops as well as nitrogen losses from soils. metal dithiocarbamates in addition to their pesticidal properties can also inhibit biological oxidation of ammonium(nitrification) in soil. metal [m=V(Ⅲ), Cr(Ⅲ), mn(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅲ), Ni(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ) and Co(Ⅱ)] diethyldithiocarbamates (DEDTC) were synthesized by the reaction of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with metal chloride in dichloromethane/water mixture. These metal diethyldithiocarbamates were screened for their ability to inhibit nitrification at different concentrations(10 μg/g soil, 50 μg/g soil and 100 μg/g soil). With increasing concentration of the complex, capacity to retard nitrification increased but the extent of increase varied for different metals. At 100 μg/g soil, different complexes showed nitrification inhibition from 22 36% to 46 45%. Among the diethyldithiocarbamates tested, Zn(DEDTC) 2 proved to be the most effective nitrification inhibitor at 100 μg/g soil. manganese, iron and chromium diethyldithiocarbamates also proved to be effective nitrification inhibitors than the others at 100 μg/g soil. The order of percent nitrification inhibition in soil by metal diethyldithiocarbamates was: Zn(Ⅱ) > mn(Ⅱ) > Fe(Ⅲ) > Cr(Ⅲ) >V(Ⅲ) > Co(Ⅱ) > Ni(Ⅱ) > Cu(Ⅱ).

关键词： nitrification inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate metal complexes nitrogenous fertilizers pesticides

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Time-like proton form factor measurement with ANDA

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1244-1248页

作者： m. sudol Institut de Physique Nuclaire CNRS/IN2P3 Universit Paris Sud Orsay France

The electromagnetic probe is an excellent tool to investigate the structure of the nucleon. The nearly 4π detector PANDA, will allow to make a precise determination of the electromagnetic form factors of the proton in the time-like region with unprecedented precision. In the one-photon exchange approximation, the center of mass unpolarized differential cross section of the reaction pp → e＋e- is a linear combination of the squared moduli of the electric GE and magnetic Gm proton form factors. The precise measurement of the angular distribution over almost full angular range then directly gives these quantities. At present only two experiments have provided the ratio R=｜ GE｜/｜Gm｜ but with large statistical uncertainties. It is shown that with strict PID cuts and a kinematic fit, the dominant background, pp→π＋π-, can be supressed to much less than 1% of the signal, without affecting the extraction of the ratio R. PANDA will therefore offer a unique opportunity to measure the ratio with a precision ranging from 〈1% at low q2 up to 30 % for q2 = 14 （GeV/c）2.

关键词： electromagnetic form factors nuclear structure FAIR PANDA

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On the Relationship between Climatic Variables and Pressure Systems over Saudi Arabia in the Winter Season

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第5期32卷 690-703页

作者： H.m.HASANEAN H.Abdel BASSET m.A.A.HUSSEIN Department of meteorology Faculty of Meteorology Environment and Arid Land AgricultureKing Abdulaziz University Department of meteorology and Astronomy Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University

The synoptic circulation over Saudi Arabia is complicated and frequently governed by the effect of large-scale pressure systems. In this work, we used NCEP–NCAR global data to illustrate the relationship between climatic variables and the main pressure systems that affect the weather and climate of Saudi Arabia, and also to investigate the influence of these pressure systems on surface air temperature（SAT） and rainfall over the region in the winter season. It was found that there are two primary patterns of pressure that influence the weather and climate of Saudi Arabia. The first occurs in cases of a strengthening Subtropical High（Sub H）, a weakening Siberian High（Sib H）, a deepening of the Icelandic Low（Ice L）, or a weakening of the sudanese Low（sud L）. During this pattern, the Sub H combines with the Sib H and an obvious increase of sea level pressure（SLP） occurs over southern European, the mediterranean, North Africa, and the middle East. This belt of high pressure prevents interaction between midlatitude and extratropical systems, which leads to a decrease in the SAT,relative humidity（RH） and rainfall over Saudi Arabia. The second pattern occurs in association with a weakening of the Sub H, a strengthening of the Sib H, a weakening of the Ice L, or a deepening of the sud L. The pattern arising in this case leads to an interaction between two different air masses： the first（cold moist） air mass is associated with the mediterranean depression travelling from west to east, while the second（warm moist） air mass is associated with the northward oscillation of the sud L and its inverted V-shape trough. The interaction between these two air masses increases the SAT, RH and the probability of rainfall over Saudi Arabia, especially over the northwest and northeast regions.

关键词： climatic variables pressure system surface air temperature rainfall relative humidity Saudi Arabia

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The allometry of number of feathers in birds changes seasonally

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Chinese Birds 2015年第1期6卷 1-5页

作者： Anders Pape mller Laboratoire d’Ecologie Systématique et Evolution CNRS UMR 8079Université Paris-Sud

Background: Feathers are a defining feature of birds with multiple functions such as flight, insulation, protection against predation and signaling. Feathers are lost during the annual molt while the rate of such loss at other times of the year and its fitness consequences remain poorly ***: I used information on the number and the mass of feathers for 160 individuals belonging to 85 species of birds in general linear mixed models to analyze allometry of feathers and to investigate possible factors explaining variation in the number of feathers. A phylogenetic effect was assessed by quantifying the random effect of ***: The total mass of feathers increased isometrically with body mass, while the total number of feathers and the mean mass of feathers showed negative allometry. Negative allometry implied that small-sized species had relatively many small feathers. There was a negative association between the number of feathers and migration distance. The total number of feathers initially increased during fall and winter, consistent with individuals growing more feathers later during the year or with individuals with fewer feathers selectively disappearing from the population. In contrast, the number of feathers decreased from winter through spring and ***: These findings suggest that thermoregulation has affected the evolution of the number and the size of feathers, there is selection against feather loss, and that the number of feathers varies across seasons.

关键词： Feather loss molt Number of feathers Predation Thermoregulation

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mitigating the effects of higher order multipole fields in the magnets of the Accelerator Test Facility 2 at KEK

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Chinese Physics C 2012年第8期36卷 756-760页

作者：白莎 P. Bambade 王逗高杰 m. Woodley m. masuzawa Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) LAL Univ Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Orsay France SLAC Menlo Park California USA KEK Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

The ATF2 project is the final focus system prototype for the ILC and CLIC linear collider projects, with the purpose of reaching a 37nm vertical beam size at the interaction point. In the nanometer beam size regime, higher order multipoles in magnets become a crucial point for consideration. The strength and rotation angle of the ATF2 QEA magnets were reconstructed from the IHEP measurements and compared with the KEK ones to be identical. Based on the study of the skew multipoles sensitivity, we report on the analysis of the possible mitigation of the measured multipoles. A suggestion is given which will benefit the ATF2 present commissioning to reach the goal beam size, and also the reduced β optics in future.

关键词： ATF2 beam size higher order multipoles QEA magnets

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Fashion and out of fashion:appearance and disappearance of a novel nest building innovation

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Avian Research 2017年第2期8卷 71-75页

作者： Anders P.møller Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris‑SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversite Paris‑Saclay91405 Orsay CedexFrance

Background:Nests are composed of and built with different materials that are handled in specific ways. These mate?rials must initially have been used de novo before commonly being incorporated into nests. Plastic and plastic bags were invented in the 1950s, and they are widely distributed in the environment. Birds started picking up plastic from plastic used to cover farm produce such as silage, potatoes, beets and other crops for use in their nests in the ***:I recorded the frequency of such plastic use by the Blackbird(Turdus merula) in nests in Denmark, starting in 1966, followed by a peak in use in the 1970s and a subsequent ***:Nests with plastic were initially built earlier in the season than those without plastic, indicating an associa?tion between innovation and early reproduction. Plastic use was subsequently selected against because nests with plastic suffered from higher rates of predation than nests without plastic, probably because nests with plastic were easier to locate. However, the elevated risk of nest predation only applied to outdoor nests, but not to nests inside buildings, probably because visually searching nest predators such as corvids do not enter ***:These findings show that the dynamics of nest material use depend on the benefits of innovation and the fitness costs of nest predation.

关键词： Fashion Indoor breeding Innovation Nest predation Turdus merula

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Adaptive Differentiators via Second Order Sliding mode for a Fixed Wing Aircraft

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2015年第3期104卷 159-184页

作者： m.Zaouche A.Beloula R.Louali S.Bouaziz m.Hamerlain Laboratoire Controle et Commande Ecole Militaire PolytechniqueBP 17 Bordj El BahriAlger16000Algeria University of Paris-sud IEF UMR 8622F-91405 OrsayFrance Center of Development of Advanced Technologies Alger16000Algeria

Safety automation of complex mobile systems is a current topic issue in industry and research laboratories,especially in *** dynamic models of these systems are nonlinear,multi-Input multi-Output(mImO)and tightly *** nonlinearity resides in the dynamic equations and also in the aerodynamic coefficients’*** paper is devoted to developing the piloting law based on the combination of the robust differentiator with a dynamic adaptation of the gains and the robust controller via second order sliding mode,by using an aircraft in virtual simulated *** deal with the design of an autopilot controller,we propose an environment framework based on a Software In the Loop(SIL)methodology and we use microsoft Flight Simulator(FS-2004)as the environment for plane *** first order sliding mode control may be an appropriate solution to this piloting ***,its implementation generates a chattering phenomenon and a singularity *** overcome these problems,a new version of the adaptive differentiators for second order sliding modes is proposed and used for *** the sliding mode algorithm,higher gains values may be used to improve accuracy;however this leads to an amplification of noise in the estimated signals.A good tradeoff between these two criteria(accuracy,robustness to noise ratio)is difficult to *** the one hand,these values must increase the gains in order to derive a signal sweeping of some frequency *** the other hand,low gains values have to be imposed to reduce noise ***,our goal is to develop a differentiation algorithm in order to have a good compromise between error and robustness to noise *** fit this requirement,a new version of differentiators with a higher order sliding modes and a dynamic adaptation of the gains,is proposed:the first order differentiator for the control of longitudinal speed and the second order differentiator for the control of the Euler ang

关键词： Adaptive differentiators second order sliding modes Dynamic adaptation of the gains microsoft Flight Simulator

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