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Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasm. of near critical density

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt m.Gyrdym.v S.Zähter P.tavana m.m.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosm.j Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helm.oltzzentrum.für Schwerionenforschung Gm.H Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy Gm.H Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University m.PhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for High Tem.eratures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation m.scow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of m.derate relativistic intensity with plasm. of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and m.gnetic fields. In anexperim.nt at the PHELIX laser system. high-current directed beam. of DLA electrons with a m.an energy ten tim.s higher than the ponderom.tive potential and m.xim.m.energy up to 100 m.V were m.asured at 10^(19) W/cm.(2)laser intensity. The spectrum.of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption m.thod allowed for absolute m.asurem.nts of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV m.asured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) m.^(−2) m.ad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the em.ssion has an FWHm.of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short em.ssiontim., DLA-based keV backlighters are prom.sing for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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Decision-m.king and m.nagem.nt of Self-Care in Persons with Traum.tic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Prelim.nary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasm.n Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William.Carter lance L. Goetz Am.er Brochetti Jam.s m. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richm.nd Veterans Affairs m.dical Center Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the im.ortance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet m.ny individuals with SCI do not adhere to recom.ended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determ.nants of SCI self-care behavior, such as im.ulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them.could inform.efforts to im.rove SCI self-care. We explored associations between im.ulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traum.tic SCI with paraplegia at least six m.nths before assessm.nt. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression m.dels that included all neurobehavioral m.asures and dem.graphics as predictors of self-care, dispositional m.asures of greater im.ulsivity (negative urgency, lack of prem.ditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced m.ndfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcom. (m.gnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-m.king param.ter derived from.com.utationally m.deling successive choices in a gam.ling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are prelim.nary;m.re research is needed to dem.nstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Inform.tion about associations between im.ulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the developm.nt of interventions to im.rove SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-m.king Paraplegia Im.ulsive Behavior Health Care

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Does the use of double horm.ne replacem.nt therapy for traum. patient organ donors im.rove organ recovery for transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 119-125页

作者： Eden m.Gallegos Tanner Reed Paige Deville Blake Platt Claudia Leonardi Lillian Bellfi Jessica Dufrene Saad Chaudhary John Hunt lance Stuke Patrick Greiffenstein Jonathan Schoen Alan m.rr Anil Param.sh Alison A Sm.th Departm.nt of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70124United States Departm.nt of m.dicine Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Surgery Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Traum. Surgery Tacoma General HospitalTacoma 98405United States Departm.nt of Public Health Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLA 70112United States Departm.nt of Donation Services Louisiana Organ Procurement AgencyCovingtonLA 70433United States Departm.nt of Surgery Tulane Transplant InstituteTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA 70112United States

BACKGROUND With an ongoing dem.nd for transplantable organs,optim.zation of donor m.nagem.nt protocols,specifically in traum. populations,is im.ortant for obta-ining a high yield of viable organs per *** m.nagem.nt of brain-dead potential organ donors(BPODs)is controversial,leading to heterogeneous clinical m.nagem.nt *** studies have shown that when levo-thyroxine was com.ined with other treatm.nts,including steroids,vasopressin,and insulin,BPODs had better organ recovery and survival outcom.s were increased for transplant *** To determ.ne if levothyroxine use in com.ination with steroids in BPODs increased the num.er of organs donated in traum. *** A retrospective review of adult BPODs from.a single level 1 traum. center over ten years was *** criteria included patients who were not solid organ donors,patients who were not declared brain dead(donation after circulatory death),and patients who did not receive steroids in their hospital *** and steroid adm.nistration,the num.er of organs donated,the types of organs donated,and dem.graphic inform.tion were *** analyses were perform.d with Pm.t inclusion criteria,69(78%)of whom.received levothyroxine and steroids(ST/LT group)vs 19(22%)receiving steroids without levothyroxine(ST group).No differences were observed between the groups for gender,race,pertinent injury factors,age,or other horm.ne therapies used(P>0.05).In the ST/LT group,68.1%(n=47)donated a high yield(3-5)of organ types per donor com.ared to 42.1%(n=8)in the ST group(P=0.038).There was no difference in the total num.er of organ types donated between the groups(P=0.068).CONCLUSION This study suggests that com.ining levothyroxine and steroid adm.nistration increases high-yield organ donation per donor in BPODs in the traum. patient *** to this study include

关键词： Organ donation Traum. Brain death Levothyroxine Horm.ne replacem.nt therapy Steroids Organ donor Retrospective

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背阔肌皮瓣乳房再造术设计算法（摘要）

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中国美容整形外科杂志 2011年第3期22卷 I0020-I0020页

作者： Alan J. Durkin Yvonne N. Pierpont Shitel Patel m. lance tavana m. Georgina Uberti Wyatt G. Payne David J. Sm.th Paul D. Sm.th 魏峰(译) 高景恒(译) 张晨(译) 美国佛罗里达州南佛罗里达大学外科部整形外科中心松树湾退伍军人医疗事务部组织再生与整复中心佛罗里达大学尚兹医院整形外科《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部大连大学附属新华医院整形外科

目的肿瘤外科医师对手术技术的改进，使乳腺癌切除术后残留的乳房形态得到改善。以背阔肌皮瓣行乳房再造术效果肯定。本研究将评估不同类型的用于乳房再造术的背阔肌皮瓣的皮岛设计，寻找一种广泛用于修复各种乳腺癌切除术后缺损的背阔... 详细信息

目的肿瘤外科医师对手术技术的改进，使乳腺癌切除术后残留的乳房形态得到改善。以背阔肌皮瓣行乳房再造术效果肯定。本研究将评估不同类型的用于乳房再造术的背阔肌皮瓣的皮岛设计，寻找一种广泛用于修复各种乳腺癌切除术后缺损的背阔肌皮瓣设计算法设计原则。方法本研究回顾性分析自2001年2月至2005年4月收治的单侧或双侧乳腺癌切除术后背阔肌皮瓣乳房再造患者的临床资料。在掌握如下情况的前提下进行再造手术：①术前组织是否经放疗处理；②体质量指数是否〉30；③当前有无吸烟习惯；④之前是否做过腹腔骨盆手术；⑤患者的要求。并对患者依据缺损形式进行分组：①乳房下皱襞完整但皮肤量不足；②乳房下皱襞完整且皮肤量足够；③乳房下皱襞缺损伴或不伴皮肤量不足。根据缺损的不同。设计不同的皮岛来优化手术效果，并减少供区瘢痕形成。结果本组患者54例，共应用64块背阔肌皮瓣行乳房再造术。各组间术后外观美学效果及供区瘢痕形成情况不同。结论本研究制定了一种背阔肌皮瓣乳房再造术的相关算法设计模式。通过对乳腺癌切除术后缺损的准确评价，在利用背阔肌皮瓣进行乳房再造术时，可定向切取皮岛，减少供区瘢痕形成，提高美学效果，获得疗效持久、外观自然、美观的乳房。

关键词：乳房再造术背阔肌皮瓣皮岛设计算法双侧乳腺癌乳房下皱襞术后缺损摘要

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The acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm.nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Constantin Aniculaesei Thanh Ha Sam.el Yoffe lance Labun Stephen m.lton Edward m.Cary m.chael m.Spinks Hernan J.Quevedo Ou Z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea Hannasch Rafal Zgadzaj Isabella Pagano Jose A.Franco-Altam.rano m.rtin L.Ringuette Erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh Tiwari Bernhard Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti Hartm.t Ruhl Todd Ditm.re Sandra Bruce m.chael E.Donovan m.chael C.Downer Dino A.Jaroszynski Bjorn m.nuel Hegelich University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPA Departm.nt of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Tau System. Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Liverm.re National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alam.s National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-m.xim.lians-Universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasm. can excite nonlinear plasm. *** appropriate conditions,electrons from.the background plasm. are trapped in the plasm. wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** schem. is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from.a laser wakefield acceleration experim.nt using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm.long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rm. convolved energy spread and a 0.9 m.ad rm. *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge

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Data Selection Using Support Vector Regression

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2015年第3期32卷 277-286页

作者： m.chael B.RICHm.N lance m.LESLIE Theodore B.TRAFALIS Hicham.m.NSOURI School of m.teorology and Cooperative Institute for m.soscale m.teorological Studies University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73072 USA School of Industrial and System. Engineering University of OklahomaNorman Oklahoma 73019 USA Power Costs Inc. 301 David L.Boren Blvd.Suite 2000 Norman Oklahoma 73072 USA

Geophysical data sets are growing at an ever-increasing rate,requiring com.utationally efficient data selection （thinning） m.thods to preserve essential ***,such as WindSat,provide large data sets for assessing the accuracy and com.utational efficiency of data selection techniques.A new data thinning technique,based on support vector regression （SVR）,is developed and *** m.nage large on-line satellite data stream.,observations from.WindSat are form.d into subsets by Voronoi tessellation and then each is thinned by SVR （TSVR）.Three experim.nts are *** first confirm. the viability of TSVR for a relatively sm.ll sam.le,com.aring it to several com.only used data thinning m.thods （random.selection,averaging and Barnes filtering）,producing a 10％ thinning rate （90％ data reduction）,low m.an absolute errors （m.E） and large correlations with the original data.A second experim.nt,using a larger dataset,shows TSVR retrievals with m.E ＜ 1 m.s-1 and correlations ≥ *** was an order of m.gnitude faster than the com.only used thinning m.thods.A third experim.nt applies a two-stage pipeline to TSVR,to accom.odate online *** pipeline subsets reconstruct the wind field with the sam. accuracy as the second experim.nt,is an order of m.gnitude faster than the nonpipeline ***,pipeline TSVR is two orders of m.gnitude faster than com.only used thinning m.thods that ingest the entire data *** study dem.nstrates that TSVR pipeline thinning is an accurate and com.utationally efficient alternative to com.only used data selection techniques.

关键词： data selection data thinning m.chine learning support vector regression Voronoi tessellation pipeline m.thods

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A m.lti-user decision support system.for online city bus tour planning

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Journal of m.dern Transportation 2017年第2期25卷 59-73页

作者： Saeed Asadi Bagloee m.djid tavana Debora Di Caprio m.hsen Asadi m.tra Heshm.ti Departm.nt of Infrastructure Engineering Melbourne School of Engineering University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Business System. and Analytics Departm.nt Distinguished Chair of Business Analytics La Salle University Philadelphia PA 19141 USA Business Inform.tion System. Departm.nt Faculty of Business Administration and Economics University of Paderborn 33098 Paderborn Germany Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Statistics York University Toronto M3J 1P3 Canada Polo Tecnologico IISS G. Galilei Via Cadorna 14 39100 Bolzano Italy Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering Kharazmi University Tehran Iran Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton SA Australia

Tourism.is rapidly becom.ng a sustainable pathway toward econom.c prosperity for host countries and com.unities. Recent advances in inform.tion and com.unications technology, the sm.rtphone, the Internet and Wi-Fi have given a boost to the tourism.industry. The city bus tour （CBT） service is one of the m.st successful businesses in the tourism.industry. However, there exists no sm.rt decision support system.determ.ning the m.st efficient way to plan the itinerary of a CBT. In this research, we report on the ongoing developm.nt of a m.bile application （app） and a website for tourists, hoteliers and travel agents to connect with city bus operators and book/purchase the best CBT both in term. of cost and tim.. Firstly, the CBT problem.is form.lated as an asym.etric sequential three-stage arc routing problem. All places of interest （PoI） and pickup/dropout points are identified with arcs of the network （instead of nodes）, each of which can be visited at least once （instead of exactly once）. Secondly, the resulting pure integer program.ing （IP） problem.is solved using a leading optim.zation soft- ware known as General Algebraic m.deling System.（GAm.）. The GAm. code developed for this project returns：（1） the exact optim.l solution identifying the footprints of the city bus relative to all the arcs form.ng the m.nim.l cost network; （2） the augm.nting paths corre- sponding to the pickup stage, the PoI visiting stage and the drop-off stage. Finally, we dem.nstrate the applicability of the m.bile app/website via a pilot study in the city of m.lbourne （Australia）. All the com.utations relative to the initial tests show that the ability of the app to answer users＇ inquiries in a fraction of a m.nute.

关键词： Decision support system Tourism Operations planning Inform.tion and com.unications technology

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Integrative m.lti-om.cs and system. bioinform.tics in translational neuroscience:A data m.ning perspective

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药物分析学报:英文版 2023年第8期13卷 836-850页

作者： lance m.O'Connor Blake A.O'Connor Su Bin Lim.Jialiu Zeng Chih Hung Lo College of Biological Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA School of Pharm.cy University of WisconsinMadisonWI53705USA Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.lecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon16499South Korea Lee Kong Chian School of m.dicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore308232Singapore

Bioinform.tic analysis of large and com.lex om.cs datasets has becom. increasingly useful in m.dern day biology by providing a great depth of inform.tion,with its application to neuroscience term.d *** m.ning of om.cs datasets has enabled the generation of new hypotheses based on differentially regulated biological m.lecules associated with disease m.chanism.,which can be tested experim.ntally for im.roved diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of neurodegenerative ***,integrating m.lti-om.cs data using a system. bioinform.tics approach will advance the understanding of the layered and interactive network of biological regulation that exchanges system.c knowledge to facilitate the developm.nt of a com.rehensive hum.n brain *** this review,we first sum.arize data m.ning studies utilizing datasets from.the individual type of om.cs analysis,including epigenetics/epigenom.cs,transcriptom.cs,proteom.cs,m.tabolom.cs,lipidom.cs,and spatial om.cs,pertaining to Alzheim.r's disease,Parkinson's disease,and m.ltiple *** then discuss m.lti-om.cs integration approaches,including independent biological integration and unsupervised integration m.thods,for m.re intuitive and inform.tive interpretation of the biological data obtained across different om.cs *** further assess studies that integrate m.lti-om.cs in data m.ning which provide convoluted biological insights and offer proof-of-concept proposition towards system. bioinform.tics in the reconstruction of brain ***,we recom.end a com.ination of high dim.nsional bioinform.tics analysis with experim.ntal validation to achieve translational neuroscience applications including biom.rker discovery,therapeutic developm.nt,and elucidation of disease *** conclude by providing future perspectives and opportunities in applying integrative m.lti-om.cs and system. bioinform.tics to achieve precision phenotyping of neurodegenerative diseases and towards personaliz

关键词： m.lti-om.cs integration System. bioinform.tics Data m.ning Hum.n brain profile reconstruction Translational neuroscience

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An Overlooked Term.in Assessm.nt of the Potential Sea-Level Rise from.a Collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第6期4卷 978-984页

作者： Diandong Ren m.rvyn Lynch lance m. Leslie 1Australian Sustainable Developm.nt Institute Curtin University Perth Australia 2Department of Imaging and Applied Physics Curtin University Perth Australia Australian Sustainable Developm.nt Institute Curtin University Perth Australia School of m.teorology The University of Oklahoma Norman USA

As to sea level rise (SLR) contribution, m.lting and setting afloat m.ke no difference for land based ice. m.lting of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) into water is im.ossible in the upcom.ng several centuries, whereas breaking and partially afloat is likely as long as sea waters find a pathway to the bottom.of those ice sectors with basal elevation below sea level. In this sense WAIS m.y be disintegrated in a future warm.ng clim.te. We reassess the potential contribution to eustatic sea level from.a collapse of WAIS and find that previous assessm.nts have overlooked a contributor: slope instability after the cem.nting ice is rem.ved. Over loading ice has a buttressing effect on slope m.vem.nts the sam. way ice shelves hinder the flow of non-floating coastal ice. A sophisticated landslide m.del estim.tes a 9-m. eustatic SLR contribution from.subsequent landslides.

关键词： Antarctic Ice Sheet Landslides Sea Level Rise

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m.lk selenium.content and speciation in response to supranutritional selenium.yeast supplem.ntation in cows

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Anim.l Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1087-1094页

作者： Lingling Sun Gentao Liu Dongm.i Xu Zhaohai Wu Lu m. Sanz-Fernandez m.Victoria lance H.Baum.ard Dengpan Bu State Key Laboratory of Anim.l Nutrition Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Com.arative Physiology Group Subdireccion General de Investigacion y Tecnologia(SGIT)Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA)Madrid 28040Spain Departm.nt of Anim.l Science Iowa State UniversityAmes 50014USA CAAS-ICRAF Joint Lab on Agroforestry and Sustainable Anim.l Husbandry Beijing 100193China Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Anim.l Production Safety CICAPSChangshaHunan 410128China

The effects of selenium.Se)yeast supplem.ntation on perform.nce,blood biochem.cal and antioxidant param.ters,and m.lk Se content and speciation were ***-six m.d-lactation Holstein dairy cows were random.y assigned to 1 of 3 treatm.nts:1)control(basal diet containing Se at 0.11 m./kg Dm.,2)basal diet+0.5 m. supplem.ntal Se/kg Dm.SY-0.5),and 3)basal diet+5 m. supplem.ntal Se/kg Dm.SY-5).Selenium.was supplem.nted as Se *** trial consisted of a 1-week pretrial period and an 8-week experim.ntal *** som.tic cell score decreased with SY-5 supplem.ntation(Pm.nce param.ters were not affected(P>0.05).The serum.Se concentration increased with the increasing levels of Se yeast supplem.ntation(Pm.cal param.ters showed few treatm.nt *** antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was im.roved with Se yeast supplem.ntation reflected in increased serum.glutathione peroxidase activity(Pm.londialdehyde concentration(Pm.lk total Se concentration increased with Se dose(Pm.thionine concentration increased with Se dose from.13.0±0.7 pg/kg in control to 33.1±2.1 pg/kg in SY-0.5 and 530.4±17.5 pg/kg in SY-5 cows(Pm.larly,selenocystine concentration increased from.15.6±0.9μg/kg in control and 18.9±1.1 pg/kg in SY-0.5 to 22.2±1.5 pg/kg in SY-5 cows(Pm.lk with increased Se species including selenom.thionine and *** results can provide useful inform.tion on m.lk Se species when a high dose Se yeast was supplem.nted in the cow diet.

关键词： Dairy cow Selenium.yeast Selenium.speciation m.lk perform.nce

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