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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neurom.scular junction during developm.ntal axonal com.etition and synapse elim.nation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep tomàs Víctor Cilleros-m.ñé Laia Just-Borràs m.rta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal m.rta tomàs Carolina Silvera-Sim.n m.nel m.Santafé m.ria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the developm.nt of the nervous system.there is an overproduction of neurons and *** com.etition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses perform.ng different activity levels leads to their elim.nation or *** have extensively studied the involvem.nt of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropom.osin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neurom.scular junction,in the axonal developm.nt and synapse elim.nation process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developm.ntal synapse elim.nation,in relation to other m.lecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we sum.arize our published results based on transm.tter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvem.nt of the presynaptic acetylcholine m.scarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream.serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium.channels,at different nerve endings in developm.ntal *** dynam.c changes that occur sim.ltaneously in several nerve term.nals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the m.chanism. of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transm.tter release)between the presynaptic m.scarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-m.diated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the tim.ng and fate of the com.etitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream.displacem.nt of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in com.eting nerve term.nals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elim.nation of supernum.rary ***,calcium.entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium.channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve term.nals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal com.etition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium.channels m.tor end-plate m.scarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elim.nation serine kinases tropom.osin-related kinase receptorB

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Com.ustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： m. LOGANATHAN A. VELm.RUGAN tom PAGE E. JAm.S GUNASEKARAN P. TAm.LARASAN Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India Product Design and m.nufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing dem.nd necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environm.ntally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient m.thod of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive m.nufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the m.rket. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was m.dified to operate as gas engine. The intake m.nifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were m.intained at three levels with 2 L/m.n, 4 L/m.n, 6 L/m.n and 8 L/m.n and 10 L/m.n with an injection pressure of 2 bar. m.ny of the com.ustion param.ters like heat release rate （HRR）, ignition delay, com.ustion duration, rate of pressure rise （ROPR）, cum.lative heat release rate （CHR）, and cyclic pressure fluctuations were m.asured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, while com.ustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (EGR),diesel com.ustion heat release rate (HRR) com.ustionduration

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Dehydration m.lting and Proterozoic Granite Petrogenesis in a Collisional Orogen——A Case from.the Svecofennian of Southern Finland

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1289-1299页

作者： tom Andersen O.Tapani Räm. Departm.nt of Geosciences University of OsloN-0316OsloNorway Departm.nt of Geosciences and Geography Geology and Geophysics Research ProgramUniversity of Helsinki00014HelsinkiFinland

Dehydration m.lting of m.tasupracrustal rocks at m.d-to deep-crustal levels can generate water undersaturated granitic *** this study,we evaluate the potential of~1.89–1.88 Ga m.tasupracrustal rocks of the Precam.rian of southern Finland as source rocks for the 1.86–1.79 Ga late-orogenic leucogranites in the region,using the Rhyolite-m.LTS *** close in com.osition to leucogranite is produced over a range of realistic pressures(5 to 8 kbar)and tem.eratures(800 to 850℃),at 20%–30%of partial m.lting,allowing separation of m.lt from.unm.lted *** solid residue is a dry,enderbitic to charnoenderbitic ganulite depleted in incom.atible com.onents,and will only yield further m.lt above 1000–1050℃,when rapidly increasing fractions of increasingly calcic(granodioritic to tonalitic)m.lts are *** solid residue after m.lt extraction is incapable of producing syenogranitic m.gm.s sim.lar to the m.d-Proterozoic,A-type rapakivi granites on further *** granitic fraction of the syenogranitic rapakivi com.lexes m.st thus have been form.d by a different chain of processes,involving m.ntle-derived m.fic m.lts and m.lts from.crustal rock types not conditioned by the preceding late-orogenic Svecofennian anatexis.

关键词： leucogranite rapakivi granite anatexis restite depleted granulite Finland

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Evolution of the rhytidectomy

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第1期2卷 -页

作者： Dane m. Barrett Fernando J. Casanueva tom D. Wang Departm.nt of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR USA Departm.nt of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery Division of Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR USA

Since the advent of facelift surgery, there has been a progressive evolution in tech-nique. m.thods of dissection trended towards progressively aggressive surgery with deeper dissection for repositioning of ptotic facial tissues. In recent decades, the pendulum.has swung towards m.re m.nim.lly invasive options. Likewise, there has been a shift in focus from.repo-sitioning alone to the addition of volum.zation for facial rejuvenation. The techniques in this article are reviewed in a chronologic fashion with a focus on historical developm.nt as well as brief discussion on efficacy in relation to the other existing options. There is currently no gold standard technique with a plethora of options with com.arable efficacy. There is controversy over which approach is optim.l and future research is needed to better delineate optim.l treatm.nt options, which m.y vary based on the patient. Copyright a 2015 Chinese m.dical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Com.unications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Rhytidectomy Facelift Facelift techniques History of the facelift Facial rejuvenation Facial fillers Autologous fat transfer

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Biom.tric Finger Vein Recognition Using Evolutionary Algorithm.with Deep Learning

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5659-5674页

作者： m.ham.ad Yam.n tom Gedeon Saleh Bajaba m.na m.Abusurrah Departm.nt of m.nagem.nt Inform.tion System. Faculty of Economics and AdministrationKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Optus Centre for AI Curtin UniversityPerth6102Australia Departm.nt of Business Adm.nistration Faculty of Economics and AdministrationKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of m.nagem.nt Inform.tion System. College of Business AdministrationTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah42353Saudi Arabia

In recent years,the dem.nd for biom.tric-based hum.n recog-nition m.thods has drastically increased to m.et the privacy and security *** prints,palm.veins,finger veins,fingerprints,hand veins and other anatomic and behavioral features are utilized in the developm.nt of different biom.tric recognition *** the available biom.tric recognition techniques,Finger Vein Recognition(FVR)is a general technique that analyzes the patterns of finger veins to authenticate the *** Learning(DL)-based techniques have gained im.ense attention in the recent years,since it accom.lishes excellent outcom.s in various challenging dom.ins such as com.uter vision,speech detection and Natural Language Processing(NLP).This technique is a natural fit to overcom. the ever-increasing biom.t-ric detection problem. and cell phone authentication issues in airport security *** current study presents an Automated Biom.tric Finger Vein Recognition using Evolutionary Algorithm.with Deep Learning(ABFVR-EADL)*** presented ABFVR-EADL m.del aim. to accom.lish bio-m.tric recognition using the patterns of the finger ***,the presented ABFVR-EADL m.del em.loys the histogram.equalization technique to pre-process the input *** feature extraction,the Salp Swarm.Algorithm.SSA)with Densely-connected Networks(DenseNet-201)m.del is exploited,showing the proposed m.thod’s ***,the Deep-Stacked Denoising Autoencoder(DSAE)is utilized for biom.tric *** proposed ABFVR-EADL m.thod was experim.ntally validated using the benchm.rk databases,and the outcom.s confirm.d the productive perform.nce of the proposed ABFVR-EADL m.del over other DL m.dels.

关键词： Biom.tric authentication finger vein recognition deep learning evolutionary algorithm security privacy

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Application of electrical capacitance tomography for im.ging industrial processes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第12期6卷 1374-1378页

作者： DYAKOWSKI tom School of Chem.cal Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester Manchester M60 1QD UK

Electrical tomography is, in certain cases, the m.st attractive m.thod for real im.ging of industrial processes, because of its inherent sim.licity, rugged construction of the tomographer and high-speed capability. This paper presents exam.les illus- trating applications of electrical tomography for im.ging fluidized beds, bubble colum.s and pneum.tic conveyors. Electrical tomography opens up new ways for processing, im.ging and m.delling m.lti-phase flows as shown by 2D and 3D im.ges illus- trating the various types of flow m.rphology.

关键词： Process im.ging Fluid m.xing Stired vessel

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A pathophysiology-based approach to the m.nagem.nt ot early priapism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 20-26页

作者： Jason R Kovac Siu K m.k m.urice m.Garcia tom FLue Scott Departm.nt of Urology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HosPital Hong Kong China Departm.nt of Urology University of California San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Priapism.is a rare condition that involves persistent penile erection for greater than 4 h. Distinct variants exist, each with unique characteristics. Ischem.c priapism.is a painful m.dical em.rgency that m.y occur as a result of veno-occlusion leading to hypoxia and tissue death. Recurrent bouts of ischem.c priapism. or stuttering priapism. require treatm.nt for individual attacks as well as long-term.prevention. Non-ischem.c priapism.is associated with traum. and m.y be m.naged conservatively. Recent advances into the pathophysiology of priapism.have allowed the developm.nt of treatm.nt algorithm. that specifically target the m.chanism. involved. In this review, we outline the basics of sm.oth m.scle contraction and describe how derangem.nt of these pathways results in priapism. A pathophysiological approach to the treatm.nt of priapism.is proposed with duration-based algorithm. presented to assist in m.nagem.nt.

关键词： algorithm ischem.c m.nagem.nt priapism T-shunt tunneling

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Optim.zing selective withdrawal strategies to m.tigate hypoxia under water-level reduction in Germ.ny’s largest drinking water reservoir

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2024年第12期146卷 127-139页

作者： Chenxi m. Karsten Rinke tom Shatwell Helm.oltz Centre for Environm.ntal Research Department of Lake ResearchMagdeburg 39114Germany College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China

Water-level reduction frequently occurs in deep reservoirs,but its effect on dissolved oxygen concentration is not well *** this study we used a well-established water qual-itym.del to illustrate effects of water level dynam.cs on oxygen concentration in Rappbode Reservoir,*** then system.tically elucidated the potential of selectivewithdrawal to control hypoxia under changing water *** results docum.nted a gradual decrease of hypolim.etic oxygen concentration under decreasing water level,and hypoxia occurred when the initial level was lower than 410 m.a.s.l(71 m.relative to the reservoir bottom).We also suggested that changes of hypoxic region,under increasing hypolim.etic withdrawal discharge,followed a unim.dal trajectory with them.xim.m.hypoxic area projected under the discharge between 3 m.(3)/sec and 4 m.(3)/***,our results illustrated the extent of hypoxia was m.st effectively inhibited if the withdrawal strategy was applied at the end of stratification with the outlet elevation at the deepest part of the ***,hy-poxia can be totally avoided under a hybrid elevation withdrawal strategy using surface withdrawal during early and m.d stratification,and deep withdrawal at the end of *** further confirm.d the decisive role of therm.l structure in the form.tion of hypoxia under water-level reduction and withdrawal *** believe the conclusions from.this study can be applied to m.ny deep waters in the tem.erate zone,and the results should guide stakeholders to m.tigate negative im.acts of hypoxia on aquatic ecosystem..

关键词： Hypoxia Water-level reduction Hypolim.etic water withdrawal Stratification phenology Water quality sim.lation Sedim.nt oxygen dem.nd

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Com.arative m.rphom.tric and chem.cal analyses of phenotypes of two invasive am.rosia beetles （Euwallacea spp.） in the United States

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 647-662页

作者： Yigen Chen Paul L. Dallara Lori J. Nelson tom W. Colem.n Stacy m. Hishinum. Daniel Carrillo Steven J. Seybold Departm.nt of Entomology and Nem.tology University of California Davis USA USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Davis USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection San Bemardino California USA Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead Florida USA

The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in Los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has becom. a m.jor pest of m.ny hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in m.rphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and m.ny other parts of the world. However, m.lecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. We conducted m.rphom.tric and chem.cal analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （Los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （m.am.-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from.the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of m.sclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult m.les were significantly less than those of fem.les. Head width and pronotal width of fem.le PSHB were significantly less than those of fem.le TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of fem.le PSHB were significantly greater than those of fem.le TSHB. However, fem.les of these 2 species could not be separated com.letely by these 4 m.asurem.nts because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, m.nom.thylalkanes, dim.thylalkanes, and trim.thylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB m.les and fem.les were sim.lar, but they both differed from.that of TSHB fem.les. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predom.nantly internally branched dim.thylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB fem.les were dom.nated by internally branched m.nom.thylalkanes and dim.thylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. m.ltiple com.ounds within these classes appear

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons Euwallaceafornicatus larval instars polyphagousshot hole borer Scolytidae tea shot hole borer

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Delaying clozapine: how long is too long?

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General Psychiatry 2020年第2期33卷 88-93页

作者： tom Varghese m.KS Jyothi KS Shaji Lekshm. Rita Venugopal Departm.nt of Psychiatry Government Medical College ThrissurThrissurKeralaIndia Departm.nt of Psychiatry General Hospital KozhikodeKozhikodeKeralaIndia School of public health University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

Background Although clozapine is the m.st effective drug for treatm.nt-resistant schizophrenia,its use rem.ins restricted in clinical practice in *** delay in initiating treatm.nt with clozapine and its im.act on disease outcom. needs *** To identify the im.lications of delaying clozapine initiation in clinical outcom.s am.ng people with treatm.nt-resistant *** Subjects with treatm.nt-resistant schizophrenia,stabilised on clozapine m.notherapy,were recruited from.the outpatient clinic of a general hospital psychiatry unit offering tertiary care services in Thrissur district,Kerala,India.A retrospective cohort design was em.loyed,and inform.tion on duration of illness,total duration of treatm.nt and duration of treatm.nt with clozapine was *** sym.tom status was m.asured using the Positive and Negative Syndrom. *** associated with higher sym.tom scores were analysed using an independent sam.le f test,Spearm.n correlation and m.ltiple linear *** Forty subjects stabilised on long-term.clozapine therapy form.d the study *** m.an dose of clozapine used in the study population was 200 *** m.an duration of antipsychotic treatm.nt before starting clozapine was 89.3 m.nths(7.4 years).The duration of treatm.nt before starting clozapine was found to have a significant positive association with the total Positive and Negative Syndrom. Scale score(correlation coefficient 0.40;p=0.01)and negative sym.tom score(correlation coefficient 0.33;p=0.04).The m.ltiple regression analysis adjusting for covariates showed that the duration of treatm.nt before starting clozapine was an independent factor associated with a higher negative sym.tom score in the Positive and Negative Syndrom. Scale(slope p=0.05;p=0.02;R2=0.27).Conclusion Poor treatm.nt outcom.s in treatm.ntresistant schizophrenia could be secondary to a delay in initiating clozapine therapy.

关键词： clozapine starting treatm.nt

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