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Cytosolic Ca^2＋ Sig.als Enhance the Vacuolar Ion Conductivity of Bulg.ng.Arabidopsis Root Hair Cells

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m.lecular Plant 2015年第11期8卷 1665-1674页

作者： Yi Wang.Julian Dindas Florian Rienm.ller m.lanie Krebs Rainer Waadt Karin Schum.cher Wei-Hua Wu Rainer Hedrichl m. rob g. roelfsema m.lecular Plant Physiolog. and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences Biocenter Werzburg University Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082Wurzburg Germany State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiolog. and Biochem.stry (SKLPPB) College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Centre for Org.nism.l Studies Developmental Biology of Plants University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany Colleg. of Science King Saud University (KSU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Plant cell expansion depends on the uptake of solutes across the plasm. m.m.rane and their storag. within the vacuole. In contrast to the well-studied plasm. m.m.rane, little is known about the reg.lation of ion transport at the vacuolar m.m.rane. We therefore established an experim.ntal approach to study vacuolar ion transport in intact Arabidopsis root cells, with m.lti-barreled m.croelectrodes. The subcellular position of electrodes was detected by im.g.ng.current-injected fluorescent dyes. Com.arison of m.asurem.nts with electrodes in the cytosol and vacuole revealed an averag. vacuolar m.m.rane potential of -31 inV. Voltag. clam. recording. of sing.e vacuoles resolved the activity of voltag.-independent and slowly deactivating.channels. In bulg.ng.root hairs that express the Ca2＋ sensor R-g.CO1, rapid elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration was observed, after im.alem.nt with m.croelectrodes, or injection of the Ca^2＋ chelator BAPTA. Elevation of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level stim.lated the activity of voltag.- independent channels in the vacuolar m.m.rane. Likewise, the vacuolar ion conductance was enhanced during.a sudden increase of the cytosolic Ca^2＋ level in cells injected with fluorescent Ca^2＋ indicator FURA-2. These data thus show that cytosolic Ca^2＋ sig.als can rapidly activate vacuolar ion channels, which m.y prevent rupture of the vacuolar m.m.rane, when facing.m.chanical forces.

关键词： electrophysiolog. ion channels calcium.sig.aling.transport fluorescence im.g.ng Arabidopsis,vacuolar m.m.rane

Carbon dioxide enrichm.nt affected flower num.ers transiently and increased successful post-pollination developm.nt stably but without altering.final acorn production in m.ture pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan m.Clory Richard H.Ellis m.rtin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina m.yoral Kris m.Hart Andrew R.g.Plackett A.rob m.cKenzie School of Ag.iculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birm.ng.am.Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of g.og.aphy Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as m.sting.which provides a natural defence ag.inst seed predators but a hig.ly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in com.ercial tree planting.each *** em.ssions of g.eenhouse g.ses have been very widely reported to influence plant g.owth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** exam.ne if acorn production in m.ture woodland com.unities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from.a Free Air Carbon Enrichm.nt(FACE)experim.nt in deciduous woodland in central Eng.and were analysed for num.ers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stag.s of developm.nt and their predation levels under am.ient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn num.ers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the g.eatest num.ers of m.ture acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but alm.st none in *** num.ers of flowers,enlarg.d cups,im.ature acorns,em.ty acorn cups,and g.lls in the litter traps also varied am.ng.t years;com.aratively hig. num.ers of enlarg.d cups were recorded in 2018,sug.esting.*** at this site is a fruit m.turation m.sting.species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during.acorn developm.nt affects m.ture acorn num.ers g.eatly).Raising.the atm.spheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from.early 2017,increased the num.ers of im.ature acorns,and all acorn evidence(em.ty cups+im.ature acorns+m.ture acorns)detected in the litter traps com.ared to am.ient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the num.ers of flowers,enlarg.d cups,em.ty cups,or m.ture *** num.er of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was g.eater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichm.nt beg.n,whereas num.ers declined in am.ient *** with CO_(2) also increased the num.er o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns m.sting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

LKB1 depletion-m.diated epithelial-m.senchym.l transition induces fibroblast activation in lung.fibrosis

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g.nes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu Elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aim.n Alzetani Ben g.m.rshall David Hancock Tim.Wallis Julian Downward rob m.Ewing.Donna E.Davies m.rk g.Jones Yihua Wang Biolog.cal Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and Experim.ntal Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southam.ton Biom.dical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southam.ton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncog.ne Biolog. The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determ.ne fibrosis prog.ession or norm.l tissue repair are larg.ly *** previously dem.nstrated that autophag. inhibition-m.diated epithelial-m.senchym.l transition(Em.)in hum.n alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells aug.0}nts local m.ofibroblast differentiation in pulm.nary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophag. and induces Em. as a *** IPF lung.,this is caused by the down-reg.lation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 com.lex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and m.C5 lung.fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing.RNA-seq)confirm.d that paracrine sig.aling.between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts aug.0}nted m.ofibroblast ***,these data sug.est that reduced autophag. caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce Em. in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk Em. LKB1 Pulm.nary fibrosis

Probing.shock g.om.try via the charg. to m.ss ratio dependence of heavy ion spectra from.m.ltiple spacecraft observations of the 2013 Novem.er 4 event

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Research in Astronom. and Astrophysics 2016年第12期16卷 101-106页

作者： Lulu Zhao g.ng.Li g.enn m. m.son Christina Cohen Richard m.waldt m.hir Desai rob Ebert m.her Al-Dayeh Departm.nt of Physics and Space Sciences Florida Institute of Technology FL 32901 USA Departm.nt of Space Science and CSPAR University of Alabama in Hun-tsville Huntsville Alabama 35801 USA Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University Laurel MD 20723 USA California Institute of Technolog. Pasadena CA 91125 USA Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX 78228 USA University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA

In larg. Solar Energ.tic Particle （SEP） events, ions can be accelerated at coronal m.ss ejection （Cm.）-driven shocks to very hig. energ.es. The spectra of heavy ions in m.ny larg. SEP events show features such as roll-overs or spectral breaks. In som. events when the spectra are plotted in term. of energ./nucleon, they can be shifted relative to each other to m.ke the spectral breaks alig.. The am.unt of shift is charg. to m.ss ratio （Q/A） dependent and varies from.event to event. This can be understood if the spectra of heavy ions are org.nized by the diffusion coefficients （Cohen et al. 2005）. In the work of Li et al. （2009）, the Q/A dependence of the scaling.is related to shock g.om.try when the Cm.-driven shock is close to the Sun. For events where m.ltiple in-situ spacecraft observations exist, one m.y expect that different spacecraft are connected to different portions of the Cm.-driven shock that have different shock g.om.tries, therefore yielding.different Q/A dependence. In this work, we exam.ne one SEP event which occurred on 2013 Novem.er 4. We study the Q/A dependence of the energ. scaling.for heavy ion spectra using.helium. oxyg.n and iron ions. Observations from.STEREO-A, STEREO-B and ACE are exam.ned. We find that the scaling. are different for different spacecraft. We sug.est that this is because ACE, STEREO- A and STEREO-B are connected to different parts of the shock that have different shock g.om.tries. Our analysis indicates that studying.the Q/A scaling.of in-situ particle spectra can serve as a powerful tool to rem.tely exam.ne the shock g.om.try for larg. SEP events.

关键词： Sun: particle em.ssion -- acceleration of particles

In-situ stress m.asurem.nts and stress chang. m.nitoring.to m.nitor overburden caving.behaviour and hydraulic fracture pre-conditioning

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International Journal of m.ning.Science and Technolog. 2016年第1期26卷 103-110页

作者： Puller Jesse W. m.lls Ken W. Jeffrey rob g. Walker Rick J. Strata Control Technolog. Wollongong NSW 2500 Australia CSIRO Energ. m.lbourne. Vic 3000 Australia

A coal m.ne in New South Wales is long.all m.ning.300 m.wide panels at a depth of 160–180 m.directly below a 16–20 m.thick cong.om.rate strata. As part of a strateg. to use hydraulic fracturing.to m.nag. potential windblast and periodic caving.hazards associated with these cong.om.rate strata,the in-situ stresses in the cong.om.rate were m.asured using.ANZI strain cells and the overcoring.m.thod of stress relief. Chang.s in stress associated with abutm.nt loading.and placem.nt of hydraulic fractures were also m.asured using.ANZI strain cells installed from.the surface and from.underg.ound. Overcore stress m.asurem.nts have indicated that the vertical stress is the lowest principal stress so that hydraulic fractures placed ahead of m.ning.form.horizontally and so provide effective pre-conditioning.to prom.te caving.of the cong.om.rate strata. m.nitoring.of stress chang.s in the overburden strata during.long.all retreat was undertaken at two different locations at the m.ne. The m.nitoring.indicated stress chang.s were evident 150 m.ahead of the long.all face and abutm.nt loading.reached a m.xim.m.increase of about7.5 m.a. The stresses ahead of m.ning.chang. g.adually with distance to the approaching.long.all and in a direction consistent with the horizontal in-situ stresses. There was no evidence in the stress chang. m.nitoring.results to indicate sig.ificant cyclical forward abutm.nt loading.ahead of the face. The forward abutm.nt load determ.ned from.the stress chang. m.nitoring.is consistent with the weig.t of overburden strata overhang.ng.the g.af indicated by subsidence m.nitoring.

关键词： Stress m.asurem.ntOverburdenHydraulic fracturing.Long.all

Lopinavir Plasm. Concentrations and Serum.Lipids in Therapy Naïve HIV-Patients: A Sub Analysis of the FREE Study

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Pharm.colog. & Pharm.cy 2012年第1期3卷 90-96页

作者： Hadewych J. m. ter Hofstede Peter P. Koopm.ns David m. Burg.r Herm.n g. Spreng.r Chris ten Napel rob Vriesendorp Clem.ns Richter 不详

Antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients is known for its neg.tive effect on the cardiovascular system. One of the m.jor adverse events in patients on lopinavir is increasing.lipids. Hyperlipidaem.a tog.ther with chronic inflam.ation by HIV-infection itself m.kes these patients prone for cardiovascular *** purpose of this study (a sub study within the FREE-study) was to determ.ne if hig.er plasm. lopinavir (LPV) concentrations lead to increase of serum.lipids. Plasm. drug.concentrations were analysed up to week 24 in a prospective cohort of HIV antiretroviral therapy naive patients who started on a reg.m.n of zidovudine, lam.vudine and ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (FREE study). Prospectively we m.asured plasm. lopinavir concentrations from.baseline to week 24 in 72 naive HIV-patients starting.on lopinavir (59 m.les and 13 fem.les). A total of 210 sam.les were analysed, with at least 2 sam.les in every patient. m.an LPV troug. concentration was 4.3 m./L (± 2.1). The m.dian intra-subject variation in LPV level was 38% (rang. 4% - 111%). Serum.lipids were not correlated to LPV plasm. concentrations possibly due to the wide intra-individual variability in LPV troug. levels. m.nitoring.of plasm. lopinavir and subsequent dose adjustm.nt of LPV will not be useful to prevent hyperlipidaem.a in HIV-patients treated with lopinavir.

关键词： HIV Infection Lopinavir Plasm. Concentrations Hypertrig.yceridaem.a Hypercholesterolaem.a Dyslipidaem.a m.tabolic Toxicity

Dose-response effects of in-feed antibiotics on g.owth perform.nce and nutrient utilization in weaned pig. fed diets supplem.nted with yeast-based nucleotides

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Anim.l Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 166-169页

作者： Sam.el m.Waititu Jung.m.Heo rob Patterson Charles m.Nyachoti Departm.nt of Anim.l Science University of Manitoba Departm.nt of Anim.l Science and Biotechnolog. Chungnam National University Canadian Bio-system. Inc.

Dietary nucleotides are bioactive com.ounds with the potential to m.tig.te weaning.associated challeng.s in pig.ets. An experim.nt was conducted to determ.ne the interaction effect of antim.crobial g.owth prom.ters(Ag.) and a nucleotide-rich yeast extract(NRYE) on g.owth perform.nce and apparent total tract dig.stibility(ATTD) of dry m.tter(Dm., crude protein(CP) and g.oss energ.(g.),and to establish whether NRYE supplem.ntation m.y com.letely or partially replace Ag. in diets for weaned pig.. In phase 1 and 2, corn, wheat, canola m.al and soybean m.al based diets, which were form.lated to contain 0.0 or 0.1% NRYE with 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of the recom.ended Ag. dosag., were fed to 108 twenty-one day old pig.ets(initial body weig.t 7.11 ± 0.9 kg. m.an ±SD) from.d 1 to 14 and15 to 28, respectively. Overall, increasing.Ag. level in NRYE supplem.nted diets linearly decreased averag. daily g.in(ADg.(P = 0.002) and g.in-to-feed ratio(g.F)(P = 0.007); and quadratically decreased ATTD of Dm.P = 0.001), CP(P =0.003) and g.F(P = 0.017) during.phase 2. Com.ared with control and pig. fed NRYE with 100% of recom.ended Ag. dosag., pig. fed 0.1% NRYE without Ag. had g.eater(P g.and g.F in phase 2 and overall. In conclusion, supplem.nting.0.1% NRYE im.roved g.owth perform.nce of pig. but this beneficial effect was reduced by increasing.dietary Ag. dosag..

关键词： Antim.crobial g.owth prom.ters Dig.stibility g.owth perform.nce Pig.et Nucleotide-rich yeast extract

Isolation, cytotoxic activity and phylog.netic analysis of <i&g.;Bacillus sp.</i&g.;bacteria associated with the red sea spong. <i&g.;Am.him.don ochracea</i&g.;

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnolog. 2012年第7期3卷 815-823页

作者： Haiam.m. Aboul-Ela m.ham.d A. Shreadah Nihad m. Abdel-m.nem.g.lila A. Yakout rob W. m. van Soest Departm.nt of Biochem.stry Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Departm.nt of m.rine Zoolog. Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Leiden The Netherlands m.rine Chem.stry Laboratory the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries Alexandria Egypt

m.st of m.rine spong.s harbor dense and diverse m.crobial com.unities of bioactivity im.ortance. Four g.am.positive bacterial cultures (HA-21, HA-68, HA- m.-105 and HA-m.-119) were isolated from.the spong. Am.him.don ochracea, collected from.the Red Sea coast of Eg.pt. Bacterial species were identified based on the phylog.netic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of their 16S rDNA g.nes. The Sequences sim.larity values of 98% - 100% to other strains in the NCBI database showed strong.sim.larities with the 16S rDNA g.nes of firm.cutes (Bacillus sp.). The four bacterial species were subm.tted to the g.nBank database and had accession num.ers of: HA-21 [JQ-768238];HA-68 [JQ751264];HA-m.-105 [JQ768239];HAm.-119 [JQ768240]. The cytotoxic activities of the bacterial isolates were tested ag.inst three established hum.n cancer cell lines;Hepg. (hepatocellular carcinom.), HCT (colon carcinom.) and m.F-7 (breast carcinom.). The inhibitory effect on these cell lines, m.asured by m.T cell assay protocol, revealed prom.sing.cytotoxic activity of the four isolates (IC50 values (μg.m.) were: HA-21: 13.2, 9.3 and 12.2;HA-68: 10.42, 4.3 and 5.5;HA-m.-105: 46.9, 28.6 and 21.3;HAm.-119: 10.42, 6.3 and 22.1;respectively). The recovery of bacterial strains with cytotoxic activity sug.ests that m.rine invertebrates rem.in a rich source for the isolation of culturable isolates capable of producing.novel bioactive secondary m.tabolites.

关键词： Spong. Associated Bacteria Bacillus Sp. Bioactive m.tabolites Cytotoxic Activity Phylog.netic Analysis

Fam.lial versus Sporadic Breast Cancer: Different Treatm.nts for Sim.lar Tum.rs?

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2015年第4期4卷 87-99页

作者： Ellen g. Eng.lhardt m.eke Krieg. m.artje J. Hooning.Caroline Seynaeve rob A. E. m. Tollenaar Christina J. van Asperen m.rg.eet g. E. m. Ausem. Lonneke V. van de Poll-Franse Stella m.ok Senno Verhoef m.tti A. Rookus HEBON Collaborators m.rjanka K. Schm.dt Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidem.olog. Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Fam.ly Cancer Clinic Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands Departm.nt of Surg.ry Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands Departm.nt of Clinical g.netics Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands Departm.nt of m.dical g.netics University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands Eindhoven Cancer Reg.stry Comprehensive Cancer Centre South Eindhoven The Netherlands Departm.nt of Radiation Oncolog. Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Fam.ly Cancer Clinic Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Netherlands (HEBON) Collaborators (see end of article for full list of HEBON collaborators and affiliations) Division of m.lecular Patholog. Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands

Objective: It is unclear if and to what extent fam.ly history of breast/ovarian cancer or BRCA1/2-m.tation carriership influences breast cancer treatm.nt strateg.. We investig.ted whether treatm.nt differed between patients from.BRCA1/2 fam.lies and those unselected for fam.ly history. m.thods: We included 478 BRCA1/2-related patients referred for g.netic testing.before or after diag.osis. Two references were used: 13,498 population-based and 6896 hospital-based patients. Surg.cal treatm.nt and adjuvant chem.therapy use was analyzed using.log.stic reg.ession m.dels, stratified by tum.r size, nodal status, ag. at and period of diag.osis, and estrog.n receptor status (ER). Results: BRCA1/2 cases ag.d 35 - 52 years at diag.osis and/or with tum.rs m.were m.re likely to have underg.ne a m.dified radical m.stectom. (Odd Ratios (OR) rang.ng.from.2.8 to 5.1) com.ared to the references. This effect was m.st pronounced in patients treated after 1995 (OR 5.7 to 10.3). Com.ared to the reference g.oups, chem.therapy was m.re often adm.nistered to BRCA1 and ER-neg.tive BRCA1/2-cases irrespective of ag. and nodal status (OR 1.9 to 24.3). Conclusion: After 1995 treatm.nt of BRCA1/2-associated patients consisted notably of m.re m.stectom.es and adjuvant chem.therapy than their population-based counterparts with the sam. tum.r characteristics. There is a need to be aware of such differences in daily practice and interpretation of survival studies on BRCA1/2 m.tation carriers.

关键词： BRCA1/2 Fam.lial Breast Cancer Treatm.nt Adjuvant Chem.therapy m.stectom. Breast Conserving Therapy