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p.trograp.ic characteristics and p.leoenvironm.ntal history of Eocene lignites of Cam.ay basin, Western India

International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第3期4卷 214-233页

作者： p.akash K. singh Vijay K. singh m. p. singh p. K. Rajak Coal and Organic p.trology Lab Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh 221005 India

Lignite sam.les collected from.Vastan, Rajp.rdi and Tadkeshwar lignite m.nes of Cam.ay basin （Gujarat） were subjected to organic p.trograp.ic investigations and geochem.cal analyses and the data, thus generated, is used to reconstruct the p.leodep.sitional history of these lignite sequences. The lignites of Cam.ay basin dom.nantly com.rise hum.nite m.ceral group.（71.6%-86.3%） followed by lip.inite （10.1%-19.3%） and inertinite （3.6%-11.0%） m.ceral group.. The m.neral m.tter varies from.9.0% to 20.0%. The p.trograp.y based facies m.del indicates that these lignites have high values of gelification index （GI） and low tissue p.eservation index revealing a continuous wet condition in the basin and a relatively slower rate of subsidence during the decay of organic m.tter. On several occasions, during the form.tion of seam. in Tadkeshwar, Rajp.rdi and Vastan m.nes, the value of GI exceeded 10 which indicates a forest p.rm.nently flooded and the cause of p.onounced degree of degradation. However, few sections in Tadkeshwar seam.had relatively drier sp.lls of environm.ntal conditions due to fluctuation in the water table as revealed by m.derately high content of inertinite m.cerals. This is sp.cially indicated by the occurrence of funginite which norm.lly thrives in the up.er oxy- genated p.atigenic layer and indicates p.evalence of oxic conditions during p.ant dep.sition. Such conditions p.evailed during a transgressive p.ase but there were interm.ttent fluvial activities also giving rise to sup.atidal flood p.ain as reflected in the form.of associated carbonaceous shales in the basin.

关键词： Cam.ay basin Western India Lignite m.ceral p.leodep.sitional environm.nt

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Understanding the p.leom.res of Eocene lignites of Kachchh Basin, Gujarat （Western India）： p.trological im.lications

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第2期4卷 80-101页

作者： p.akash K. singh Vijay K. singh m. p. singh p. K. Rajak Coal and Organic p.trology Lab Centre of Advanced Studyin Geology Banaras Hindu University VaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005 India

The p.esent p.p.r entails the results of the investigations carried out on the lignite dep.sits of Kachchh Basin. The lignite sam.les were drawn from.five lignite seam. from.p.nandhro lignite field （Seam.I to -V） and eight lignite seam. （Seam.I to -VIII） from.the m.tanom.dh lignite field which are currently op.rational. The p.trograp.ic analysis of the lignites indicates a dom.nance of hum.nite group.of m.cerals which is m.inly contributed by ulm.nite-A, ulm.nite-B, attrinite, densinite, and p.lobap.inite. Lip.inite （chiefly sp.rinite, cutinite, resinite, and lip.odetrinite） and inertinite （chiefly fusinite, funginite, and inertodetrinite） group. occur in subordinated am.unt. The m.neral m.tter occurs in m.derate concentration. Though sulfur content is high in these lignites, there is no fixed trend of variation of sulfur from.bottom.seam.to top.seam. The investigation reveals a flooded forest swam. having high rate of degradation. However, there were a few drier p.riods indicated by relatively m.re inertinite m.cerals. The p.trograp.y-based m.dels indicate that the Kachchh lignites of Gujarat evolved in coastal m.rshy setting under transgressive p.ase. However, there were few interm.ttent fluvial activities giving rise to sup.atidal flood p.ain. This led to the form.tion of the associated carbonaceous shales in the basin.

关键词： Kachchh Basin Eocene lignite p.trograp.y p.leom.re

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Analysis of soil m.isture variation by forest cover structure in lower western Him.layas, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 317-324页

作者： J. V. Tyagi Nuzhat Qazi S. p. Rai m. p. singh National Institute of Hydrology Forest Research Institute

Soil m.isture affects various hydrological p.ocesses, including evap.transp.ration, infiltration, and runoff. Forested areas in the lower western Him.laya in India constitute the headwater catchm.nts for m.ny hill stream. and have exp.rienced degradation in forest cover due to grazing, deforestation and other hum.n activities. This change in forest cover is likely to alter the soil m.isture regim. and, consequently, flow regim.s in stream.. The effect of change in forest cover on soil m.isture regim.s of this dry region has not been studied through long term.field observations. We m.nitored soil m.tric p.tentials in two sm.ll watersheds in the lower western Him.laya of India. The watersheds consisted of hom.geneous land covers of m.derately dense oak forest and m.derately degraded m.xed oak forest. Observations were recorded at three sites at three dep.hs in each watershed at fortnightly intervals for a p.riod of three years. The soil m.isture contents derived from.soil p.tential m.asurem.nts were analyzed to understand the sp.tial, tem.oral and p.ofile variations under the two structures of forest cover. The analysis revealed large variations in soil m.isture storage at different sites and dep.hs and also during different seasons in each watershed. m.an soil m.isture storage during m.nsoon, winter and sum.er seasons was higher under dense forest than under degraded forest. Highest soil m.isture content occurred at shallow soil p.ofiles, decreasing with dep.h in both watersheds. A high p.sitive correlation was found between tree density and soil m.isture content. m.an soil m.isture content over the entire study p.riod was higher under dense forest than under degraded forest. This indicated a p.tential for soil water storage under well m.naged oak forest. Because soil water storage is vital for sustenance of low flows, attention is needed on the m.nagem.nt of oak forests in the Him.layan region.

关键词： soil m.isture oak forest soil m.tric p.tential tree density degraded forest

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p.at swam.s at Giral lignite field Western India： understanding the m.delling of Barm.r basin, Rajasthan, evolution through p.trological

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 148-164页

作者： p.akash K. singh p. K. Rajaka m. p. singh V. K. singh A. S. Naik Alok K. singh Coal & Organic p.trology Lab Centre of Advanced Study inGeology Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India Rajiv Gandhi Institute of p.troleum.Technology Rae Bareli 229316 UP India

The lignite sam.les collected from.Giral lignite field of Barm.r basin have been subjected to p.trological investigation. The data generated has been discussed to understand the evolution of the p.leom.res of these lignites. The p.esent study reveals that these low rank C coals are chiefly com.osed of hum.nite group.m.cerals, m.inly telohum.nite and detrohum.nite, while lip.inite and inertinite group.m.cerals occur in subordinate am.unts. Not m.ch variation in the m.ceral com.osition from.Seam.I to Seam.VIII has been observed. Barm.r lignites are characterized by a very high GI （〉10） and m.derate Tp. indicating top.genous m.re in the basin which was p.rm.nently flooded. The GI and Tp. values and the p.trograp.y-based facies critical m.dels indicate that these lignites originated m.stly under wet forest swam. to clastic m.rsh having telm.tic to lim.o-telm.tic conditions with a m.derate rate of subsidence and a very slow fall in ground water table. Further, the GWI and VI values are suggestive of m.sotrop.ic to rheotrop.ic hydrological conditions having the dom.nance of herbaceous to m.rginal aquatic vegetation. There were sp.lls of p.riodic drowning of p.at esp.cially during the form.tion of Seam.VII. m.derately high concentration of calcium.in these lignites along with the p.esence of fram.oidal p.rite indicate enhanced sulp.ate-reducing bacterial activity p.esent in carbonate and sulp.ate-rich waters in the basin during p.at form.tion.

关键词： p.at swam. p.trograp.y - Giral lignite Barm.r basin Western India

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p.trograp.ic characteristics coals, m.hanadi Gondwana and p.leom.res of m.nd-Raigarh Basin, Chhattisgarh, India

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 165-183页

作者： A. S. Naik m. p. singh N. Volkm.nn p. K. singh D. m.hantya D. Kum.r Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India T U Bergakadem.e Freiberg Germany CSIR-Central Institute of m.ning and Fuel ResearchDhanbad India

m.nd-Raigarh coalfield is one of the largest coalfields in the m.hanadi basin. The Geological Survey of India carried out initial study p.im.rily on exp.oration. However, detailed p.trograp.ic and geochem.cal characters of the coals have not been done so far. This investigation is an attem.t for p.trograp.ic and geochem.cal ap.raisal of the coals. m.reover, effort is also m.de for p.ssible interp.etation on develop.0}nt of coal facies. The results drawn from.30 com.osite coal sam.les suggest coals are rich in vitrinite, with collotelinite as the dom.nant m.ceral while lip.inite m.cerals register low concentration. Dom.nant m.neral assem.lages found were clay m.nerals, p.rite was recorded as dissem.nated, fram.oidal and euhedral form., carbonates recorded were m.inly siderites. The vitrinite reflectance random.（VRo） m.an values range from.0.44 % to 0.56 %, and the rank of coal is suggested as high volatile ＇B＇ to ＇A＇ sub- bitum.nous in rank. The rock-eval p.rolysis reveal TOC content varying from.37 % to 68.83 %, while low hydrocarbon generating p.tential is evident from.low $2 and Tm.x values. The Hydrogen Index （HI） versus Oxygen Index （OI） p.ot reveal that the sam.les belong to Kerogen typ.--II-III with inp.t dom.nantly from.terrestrial source, som. sam.les also fall in Kerogen typ.--II dom.in indicating lacustrine inp.t. Vitrinite reflectance result indicate that the sam.les are im.ature and ap.roaching oil window, which is in agreem.nt with data of the Rock-Eval p.ram.ters. The gelification index （GI） and tissue p.eservation index （Tp.） indicate that the coal develop.d in a telem.tic set up.with high tree density. The ground water index （GWI） and vegetation index （VI） dem.nstrate that the p.at develop.d as an om.rogenous bog.

关键词： m.nd-Raigarh coalfield Organic p.trology Geochem.stry Source rock

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Laser-induced grap.ene-coated wearable sm.rt textile electrodes for biop.tentials signal m.nitoring

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Frontiers of m.terials Science 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： C.m.Vidhya Yogita m.ithani Sakshi Kap.or J.p.singh Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This p.p.r describes how to p.oduce a wearable dry electrode at a reasonable cost and how to use it for the m.nitoring of biop.tentials in *** textiles in wearable technologies have m.de a great advancem.nt in the health care m.nagem.nt and living standards of *** was m.nufactured using the low-cost single-step.p.ocess,laser ablation of p.lyim.de,a com.ercial *** disp.rsions were m.de using solvent isop.op.l alcohol which has low boiling p.int,nontoxicity,and environm.ntal *** successive coating of the grap.ene disp.rsion on the cotton fabric to m.ke it conductive,the sheet resistance of the resulting fabric drop.ed to 3% of its initial *** laser-induced grap.ene(LIG)cotton dry electrodes thus m.nufactured are com.arable to Ag/AgCl wet electrodes in term. of the skin-to-electrode im.edance,m.asuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequency between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG cotton electrode disp.ayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its com.ort,sim.licity,and good p.rform.nce over a longer p.riod of tim.,the textile electrode ap.ears suited for m.dical ap.lications.

关键词： biop.tential electrocardiogram electrom.ogram flexible electrode textile p.rous grap.ene

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Constraining the variable generalized Chap.ygin gas m.del in m.tter creation cosm.logy

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Com.unications in Theoretical p.ysics 2024年第10期76卷 121-136页

作者： Yogesh Bhardwaj C p.singh Dep.rtm.nt of Ap.lied m.them.tics Delhi Technological University

We exp.ore the variable generalized Chap.ygin gas（VGCG） m.del in the theory of m.tter creation cosm.logy within the fram.work of a sp.tially hom.geneous and isotrop.c flat Friedm.nn—Lem.i tre—Robertson—Walker sp.ce-tim.. m.tter creation cosm.logy is based on reinterp.etation of the energy–m.m.ntum.tensor in Einstein's field equations. This creation corresp.nds to an irreversible energy flow from.the gravitational field to the created m.tter constituents. The variable Chap.ygin gas（VCG） is also studied as a p.rticular solution. We use the m.rkov chain m.nte Carlo m.thod to constrain the free p.ram.ters of three m.dels, nam.ly,Lam.da-Cold-Dark m.tter（ΛCDm., VGCG and VCG m.dels with and without m.tter creation from.the latest observational data from.baryon acoustic oscillations, cosm.c chronom.ter, typ. Ia sup.rnovae（p.ntheon） including gam.a-ray bursts, quasars and the local m.asurem.nt of H0from.R21 data. Two different com.inations of dataset p.ovide a fairly tight constraint on the p.ram.ters of the ΛCDm. VGCG and VCG m.dels. The p.esent values of various cosm.logical p.ram.ters are obtained, which are very close to the ΛCDm.m.del. Furtherm.re, we p.rform.stability analysis, Bayesian evidence analysis and inform.tion criteria analysis for these m.dels through studying the sound sp.ed, Bayes factor, and Akaike inform.tion criteria（AIC） and Bayesian inform.tion criteria（BIC） selection criteria. The values of sound sp.ed for VGCG and VCG m.dels shows that both the m.dels are stable. According to AIC, it is observed that VGCG and VCG m.dels with m.tter creation are sup.orted considerably less by current observations,while BIC shows that these m.dels are not favoured by observational data.

关键词： Chap.ygin gas m.del cosm.logical m.del dark energy m.tter creation

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The Lim.al Niche and Its Role in m.intaining Corneal Regeneration

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Op.n Journal of Op.thalm.logy 2024年第1期14卷 76-91页

作者： Jaysukh p. singh Syosset Senior High School Syosset New York USA

In recent years, stem.cells have been a focal p.int in research designed to evaluate the efficacy of op.thalm.logic therap.es, sp.cifically those for corneal conditions. The corneal ep.thelium.is one of the few regions of the body that m.intains itself using a residual stem.cell p.p.lation within the adjacent lim.us. Stem.cell m.vem.nt has additionally cap.ivated the m.nds of researchers due to its p.tential ap.lication in different body regions. The cornea is a viable m.del for varying m.thods to track stem.cell m.gratory p.tterns, such as lineage tracing and live im.ging from.the lim.us. These develop.0}nts have the p.tential to p.ve the way for future therap.es designed to ensure the continuous regeneration of the corneal ep.thelium.following injury via the lim.al stem.cell niche. This literature review aim. to analyze the various m.thods of im.ging used to understand the lim.al stem.cell niche and p.ssible future directions that m.ght be useful to consider for the better treatm.nt and p.evention of disorders of the cornea and corneal ep.thelium. .

关键词： Cornea Lim.us m.lecular Biology Stem.Cells Lineage Tracing Live Im.ging

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m.gnesium.oxide(m.O)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatm.nt:A com.rehensive review

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.p.rera V.Gurunanthanan Anoop.singh m.m.m.G.p.G.m.ntilaka G.Das Sandeep.Arya Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates p.stgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Dep.rtm.nt of Hum.nities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India Centre for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater contam.nation by heavy m.tals and synthetic dyes p.esents a significant environm.ntal challenge,necessitating effective and sustainable sep.ration *** review article p.ovides a detailed exam.nation of m.gnesium.oxide(m.O)nanop.rticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatm.nt,with a sp.cific focus on heavy m.tal and dye *** review com.rehensively exp.ores various asp.cts of m.O nanop.rticles,including their structural characteristics and synthesis *** article delves into the m.rp.ology and crystallograp.ic arrangem.nt of m.O nanop.rticles,offering insights into their structural *** the com.lexity of adsorp.ion p.ocesses,the review identifies and analyzes p.ram.ters influencing the adsorp.ion efficiency of m.O nanop.rticles,such as tem.erature,p.,contact tim.,initial concentration,and co-existing *** interp.ay between these p.ram.ters and the adsorp.ion cap.bility of m.O nanop.rticles em.hasizes the im.ortance of op.im.zing op.rational ***,the review assesses various synthesis m.thods for m.O nanop.rticles,including sol-gel,hydrotherm.l,p.ecip.tation,green synthesis,solvotherm.l,and tem.late-assisted *** discusses the advantages,lim.tations,and resulting nanop.rticle characteristics of each m.thod,enabling readers to grasp.the im.lications of synthesis p.ocesses on adsorp.ion *** com.rehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of m.O nanop.rticles as a p.tent nanoadsorbent for rem.ving heavy m.tals and dyes from.wastewater covering a wide sp.ctrum.of asp.cts related to m.O ***,there is a need to investigate the use of m.O in the treatm.nt of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for p.actical water treatm.nt ap.lications in real-tim..

关键词： m.O nanop.rticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatm.nt Heavy m.tals Dye sep.ration Adsorp.ion Synthesis m.thods

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Influence of cerium.ions on structure-dep.ndent m.gnetic p.op.rties of Ba-Sr m.typ. hexaferrite nanocrystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 364-372,I0005页

作者： Ram.A.p.war Sunil m.p.tange p.m.Dighe Sher singh m.ena Abdullah GAl-Sehem. m.hboobali p.nnip.ra Santosh S.Jadhav Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeAhmednagar413711MaharashtraIndia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Shri Krishna MahavidyalayaGunjotiDistOsmanabad413606MaharashtraIndia p.dm.shri Vikhe p.til College of Arts Science and CommercePravaranagarA/P.Loni(Kd)Tal.RahataDistAhmednagar413713MaharashtraIndia Solid State p.ysics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai400085MaharashtraIndia Dep.rtm.nt of Chem.stry King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics D.S.M's ArtsCommerce and Science CollegeJintur431509MaharashtraIndia

The p.esent study is a system.tic effort to investigate the structure-sensitive m.gnetic p.ram.ters of Ce^(3+) substituted Ba-Sr hexaferrite nanocrystals chem.cally form.lated as Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Ce_(x)Fe_(12-x)O_(19) where x=0.0-0.2 with Δx=*** hexaferrite p.wders were p.ep.red using the sol-gel self-ignition route and structurally characterized by m.ans of p.wder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform.infrared *** creation of the m.typ. hexaferrite p.ase within the synthesized sam.les was revealed from.the Rietveld refinem.nt of the X-ray *** occurrence of a secondary p.ase of CeO_(2) was revealed within the hexaferrites for the substitution,x> *** refined X-ray diffraction data were utilized to com.ute the lattice p.ram.ters,X-ray density,and lattice p.ram.ter *** crystal structure p.otted from.the refined XRD data reveals the occup.ncy of the ions at different lattice *** Xp. data of the hexaferrite were analyzed to confirm.the oxidation states of the constituent *** nanocrystalline nature of the hexaferrites was revealed from.the crystallite sizes calculated using Scherer's *** analysis of FTIR sp.ctra confirm. that only a fraction of Ce^(3+)accom.odated in the lattice and the rem.ining Ce content reside in the form.of the CeO_(2) *** m.rp.ology of the hexaferrites was analyzed from.the FESEm.p.ofiles of the ferrite *** m.gnetic behavior study was p.rform.d by analyzing the Curie tem.erature,hysteresis loop.,and hyp.rfine interactions by m.ans of suscep.ibility,V.S.m.and m.ssbauer sp.ctroscop.,*** hexaferrites with increasing coercivity,decreasing saturation m.gnetization,and decreasing Curie tem.erature are rep.rted in the *** substituted Ce^(3+)ions inhibit the grain growth and create lattice im.erfections giving rise to hexaferrites with tuned m.gnetic p.ram.ters suitable for different ap.lications.

关键词： Ba-Sr hexaferrite Ce^(3+)substitution Xp. Saturation m.gnetization Coercivity m.ssbauer sp.ctroscop.

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