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The olfactory system.of Pieris brassicae caterpllars:from.receptors to glom.ruli

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 469-488页

作者： Qi Wang Hans m.Sm.d m.rcel Dicke Alexander Haverkam. laboratory of Entom.logy Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenthe Netherlands

Tolfactory system.of adult lepidopterans is am.ng the best described neuronal ***,com.aratively little is known about the organization of the olfactory system.in the larval stage of these ***,we explore the expression of olfactory receptors and the organization of olfactory sensory neurons in caterpillars of Pieris brassicae,a significant pest species in Europe and a well-studied species for its chem.cal *** describe the larval olfactory system.in this species,we first analyzed the head transcriptom. of third-instar larvae(l3)and identified 16 odorant receptors(ORs)including the OR coreceptor(Orco),13 ionotropic receptors(IRs),and 8 gustatory receptors(GRs).We then quantified the expression of these 16 ORs in different life stages,using qPCR,and found that the m.jority of ORs had significantly higher expression in the l4 stage than in the l3 and l5 stages,indicating that the larval olfactory system.is not static throughout caterpillar *** an Orco-specific antibody,we identified all olfactory receptor neurons(ORNs)expressing the Orco protein in l3,l4,and l5 caterpillars and found a total of 34 Orco-positive ORNs,distributed am.ng three sensilla on the *** num.er of Orco-positive ORNs did not differ am.ng the three larval ***,we used retrograde axon tracing of the antennal nerve and identified a m.an of 15 glom.ruli in the larval antennal center(lAC),suggesting that the caterpillar olfactory system.follows a sim.lar design as the adult olfactory system.although with a lower num.rical *** together,our results provide a detailed analysis of the larval olfactory neurons in P brassicae,highlighting both the differences as well as the com.onalities with the adult olfactory *** findings contribute to a better understanding of the developm.nt of the olfactory system.in insects and its life-stage-specific adaptations.

关键词： glom.ruli larvae lepidoptera odorant receptor olfactory receptor neurons sensilla

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Three-dim.nsional analysis of age and sex differences in fem.ral head asphericity in asym.tom.tic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： m.had m.Hassan Aliya G Feroe Brenton W Douglass Andrew E Jim.nez Benjam.n Kuhns Charles F m.tchell Robert l Parisien Daniel A m.ranho Eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim.Ata m.Kiapour Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Departm.nt of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Departm.nt of Biom.chanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND The sphericity of the fem.ral head is a m.tric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the developm.nt of osteoarthritis and fem.ral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dim.nsional asphericity of the fem.ral head of asym.tom.tic pediatric *** hypothesized that fem.ral head asphericity will vary significantly between m.le and fem.le pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Com.uted tom.graphy scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from.a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%m.le)without hip *** fem.ral m.asurem.nts including the fem.ral head diam.ter,fem.ral head volum.,residual volum.,asphericity index,and local diam.ter difference were used to evaluate fem.ral head *** In both sexes,the residual volum. increased by age(Ply sm.ller fem.ral head size in older ages(>13 years)in fem.les,there were no sex-differences in residual volum. and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in m.an diam.ter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(m.xim.m.diam.ter difference)across whole surface of the fem.ral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in m.les(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in m.xim.m.diam.ter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased m.an diam.ter difference across overall surface of the fem.ral head(P=0.024).CONClUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asym.tom.tic hips which increases with age *** 2D m.asured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the fem.ral head,it m.y not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Fem.ral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

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Effects of low m.lecular weight polysaccharide from.Sargassum.thunbergii against palm.tic acid-induced intracellular lipid accum.lation in 3T3-l1 adipocyte and HepG2 cells

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Food Science and Hum.n Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2244-2252页

作者： Hyo-Geun lee D.P.Nagahawatta m.J.m.S.Kurera Kyung-m. Song Yun-Sang Choi You-Jin Jeon m.n-Cheol Kang Departm.nt of m.rine life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation ManagementWayamba University of Sri LankaMakanduraGonawila(NWP)60170Sri Lanka Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research Institute245Wanju 55365Republic of Korea

low m.lecular weight polysaccharides can be isolated from.Sargassum.thunbergii(lm.ST)and in vitro experim.nts were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects on *** natures of lm.ST were attained from.*** and appraised their lm.ST on palm.tic acid(PA)induced lipid accretion in Hep G2,and 3T3-l1 *** treatm.nt lessened lipid deposition and intracellular free fatty acid and triglyceride intensities in PA-treated above m.ntioned *** m.chanistic study publicized that lm.ST2 significantly suppressed adipogenesis and stim.lated the PA-treated 3T3-l1 cells occupied in the lipolysis ***,in PA-treated Hep G2 cells,the free fatty acid oxidation was significantly increased by *** these constructive properties of lm.ST2 from.***,is a potential candidate for dim.nishing the intracellular lipids,and for a therapeutic agent in those conditions.

关键词： Sargassum.thunbergii low m.lecular weight polysaccharide lipid accum.lation Obesity liver steatosis

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： m.tthew D.Geiger Anne m.lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson m.chael J.Taravella Naresh m.ndava Jennifer l.Patnaik Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIm.To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative com.lications and associated visual outcom.s following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoem.lsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular com.rbidities,operative and post-operative com.lications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and m.ltivariable logistic regression with generalized estim.ting equations to account for the correlation of som. patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from.7253 patients were included in the *** com.rbidities differed by sex,with m.les having significantly higher percentages of traum.tic cataracts(m.les 0.7%vs fem.les 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and m.ture cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,fem.les had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,m.les had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustm.nt for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachm.nt,but in m.ltivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodym.um.doped yttrium.alum.num.garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotom. for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for m.les pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited sim.lar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative com.rbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of som. com.lications for ***,observed surgical com.licatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoem.lsification outcom.s

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living in a Condom.nium.Regim.:Neighborhood Conflicts in low-Incom. Housing,Tijuana,Baja California-A Secondary Publication

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Journal of World Architecture 2024年第2期8卷 96-107页

作者： m.Zárate lópez A.Alm.jo Ornelas m.Sahagún Valenzuela Autonom.us University of Baja California Mexico

This paper analyzes neighborhood conflicts arising from.the condom.nium.property regim.,under which social housing prom.ted by m.xican governm.nt institutions and private developers is *** regim. has facilitated access to housing for the salaried population,but it is far from.contributing to the attainm.nt of the right to *** research takes as case studies housing com.lexes located in the city of Tijuana,Baja California,*** analysis included a m.xed ***,sim.lar case studies were analyzed;secondly,a review of the Condom.nium.Property Regim. law was carried out in order to understand its *** view of the pandem.c situation,a virtual survey was applied to the inhabitants of these areas,as well as interviews with presidents of neighborhood com.ittees of these *** the above,it was found that this form.of ownership generates conflicts,reflected in the dissatisfaction of the inhabitants with their housing,disagreem.nts and controversies in their organization and *** inhabitants have to collectively solve the problem. they face,related to the m.intenance and use of com.on areas,insecurity,and cleanliness,am.ng *** addition,there is a lack of support from.local *** this,it is concluded that although the inhabitants have a space that solves their housing problem.it does not m.nage to be a space that adequately guarantees their right to housing.

关键词： Neighborhood conflicts Right to housing Condom.nium.property Social interest Affordable housing

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Rare earth based m.Pm.(2)X_(4)(X=S,Se) spinel chalcogenides for spintronic and therm.electric applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1577-1585,I0006页

作者： Tariq m.Al-Daraghm.h Om.r Zayed Ghulam.m.m.stafa Taharh Zelai Bism. Younas Hind Albalawi S.Bouzgarrou Othm.n Hakam. Q.m.hm.od Khaild I.Hussein Basic Sciences Departm.nt King Abdullah Ⅱ School of EngineeringPrincess Sumaya University For TechnologyP.O.Box 1438Al-jubaiha11941AmmanJordan Departm.nt of Physics Division of Science&TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of ScienceJazan University JazanSaudi Arabia Departm.nt of Physics The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Departm.nt of Physics College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)P.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Physics College of ScienceQassim UniversityPo.64BuraidahSaudi Arabia laboratoire de m.croelectronique et Instrum.ntation(UR 03/13-04) Faculte des Sciences de MonastirAvenue de I'Environnement 5000MonastirTunisia Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceJazan University JazanSaudi Arabia Basic&Applied Scientific Research Center Department of PhysicsCollege of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Radiological Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

In current report,the structural,m.gnetic,and therm.electric properties of RE doped m.Pm.(2)X_(4)(X=S,Se) spinels were *** energy difference in ferrom.gnetic and antiferrom.gnetic states reveals the stability of m.Pm.(2)(S/Se)_(4) in the ferrom.gnetic *** co m.utation of enthalpy of form.tion also ascertains therm.dynam.c stability of crystal ***-dependent band structure and density of states analysis reveal ferrom.gnetic sem.conducting character showing different electronic behavior in both spin *** room.tem.erature ferrom.gnetism.spin polarization and Curie tem.erature are estim.ted from.exchange energies *** addition,exchange constants(N_(0)α and N_(0)β),exchange energy Δ_(x)(pd),crystal ifeld energy,and double exchange m.chanism.were studied to explore the m.gnetic ***,the electrical conductivity,therm.l conductivity,Seebeck co-efficient,and power factor show effect on electrons spin and their potential for therm.electric devices.

关键词： Rare earth elem.nts Spintronic applications Therm.electric effects Exchange energies

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Phanerozoic co-evolution of O2-CO2 and ocean habitability

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National Science Review 2024年第06期 18-21页

作者： Zunli lu Rosalind E.m.Rickaby Jonathan l.Payne Ashley N.Prow Departm.nt of Earth & Environm.ntal Sciences Syracuse University Departm.nt of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Departm.nt of Earth and Planetary Sciences Stanford University

Atm.spheric carbon dioxide and oxygen concentrations are partially linked via the geological cycle of organic carbon （Fig. 1A–C; e.g. CO2+H2O■CH2O+O2）. The history of these two biologically active com.onents, controls on their concentrations, and im.lications for the com.lexity of the biosphere and habitability of Earth have been hotly debated, but are generally considered independently.

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Effect of biochar on the m.tabolom. of soybean seedlings

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第1期9卷 60-68页

作者： Nathalia E.Silva m.riana G.Aguilar Osania E.Ferreira Gleicia m.Paulino Jaqueline C.l.Carvalho lúcia P.S.Pim.nta Alan R.T.m.chado Program. de Pos-graduaçao em.Ciencias Am.ientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisFrutalMinas Gerais38202-436Brazil Departam.nto de Quím.ca Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBelo Horizonte31270-901Brazil Departam.nto de Engenharia Aplicada e Tecnologias Am.ientais Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil Departam.nto de Ciencias Exatas Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisJoao MonlevadeMinas Gerais35930-314Brazil

The use of biochar can have several effects on plant germ.nation,depending on raw m.terial,preparation m.thod and application ***,the m.lecular m.chanism. that lead to those results have yet to be *** aim.of this research was to im.rove the understanding of these m.chanism. by characterizing the m.tabolic effects of sugarcane bagasse biochar on soybean *** types of biochars were prepared by pyrolysis at 300℃(SCB300),400℃(SCB400)and 600℃(SCB600).Then,each one was m.xed into sand at 1%,3%,5%(w/w)dose,*** experim.nt was perform.d in 8 days of incubation,when the num.er of germ.nated seeds and the average radicle length were *** evaluate the m.tabolom.,the dry biom.ss(DB)was subjected to extraction with a m.xture of m.thanol-d4 and D2O(1:1 v/v).The extracts were subm.tted to m.tabolom.cs analysis by Proton Nuclear m.gnetic *** Relative Germ.nation,Relative Average Radicle Growth and Germ.nation Index increased in all treatm.nts com.ared to *** the other hand,the DB increased in all treatm.nts,except for SCB300,at doses of 1%and 3%w/*** m.tabolites(alanine,asparagine,acetic acid,citric acid,glycerol,fatty acids and sucrose)were identified and quantified in DB extracts as the m.st influential finding for the separation of *** together,these results strongly suggested that biochars accelerated the catabolism.of triacylglycerols to sucrose and induced a slight osm.tic stress.

关键词： Germ.nation m.tabolom.cs 1H Nm. Pyrolysis Sugarcane bagasse

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low crude protein form.lation with supplem.ntal am.no acids for its im.acts on intestinal health and growth perform.nce of growing-finishing pigs

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1590-1606页

作者： m.rcos Elias Duarte Wanpuech Parnsen Shihai Zhang m.rvio l.T.Abreu Sung Woo Kim Departm.nt of Anim.l Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Background low crude protein(CP)form.lations with supplem.ntal am.no acids(AA)are used to enhance intestinal health,reduce costs,m.nim.ze environm.ntal im.act,and m.intain growth perform.nce of ***,extensive reduction of dietary CP can com.rom.se growth perform.nce due to lim.ted synthesis of non-essential AA and lim.ted availability of bioactive com.ounds from.protein supplem.nts even when AA requirem.nts are ***,im.lem.nting a low CP form.lation can increase the net energy(NE)content in feeds causing excessive fat *** supplem.ntation of functional AA,coupled with low CP form.lation could further enhance intestinal health and glucose m.tabolism.im.roving nitrogen utilization,and growth *** experim.nts were conducted to evaluate the effects of low CP form.lations with supplem.ntal AA on the intestinal health and growth perform.nce of growing-finishing *** In Exp.1,90 pigs(19.7±1.1 kg,45 barrows and 45 gilts)were assigned to 3 treatm.nts:CON(18.0%CP,supplem.nting lys,m.t,and Thr),lCP(16.0%CP,supplem.nting lys,m.t,Thr,Trp,and Val),and lCPT(16.1%CP,lCP+0.05%SID Trp).In Exp.2,72 pigs(34.2±4.2 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatm.nts:CON(17.7%CP,m.eting the requirem.nts of lys,m.t,Thr,and Trp);lCP(15.0%CP,m.eting lys,Thr,Trp,m.t,Val,Ile,and Phe);and VlCP(12.8%CP,m.eting lys,Thr,Trp,m.t,Val,Ile,Phe,His,and leu).In Exp.3,72 pigs(54.1±5.9 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatm.nts and fed experim.ntal diets for 3 phases(grower 2,finishing 1,and finishing 2).Treatm.nts were CON(18.0%,13.8%,12.7%CP for 3 phases;m.eting lys,m.t,Thr,and Trp);lCP(13.5%,11.4%,10.4%CP for 3 phases;m.eting lys,Thr,Trp,m.t,Val,Ile,and Phe);and lCPG(14.1%,12.8%,11.1%CP for 3 phases;lCP+Glu to m.tch SID Glu with CON).All diets had 2.6 m.al/kg *** In Exp.1,overall,the growth perform.nce did not differ am.ng *** lCPT increased(Plaudin-1 expression in the duodenum.and *** lCP and lCPT increased(P<0.05)CAT-1,4F2hc,and B0AT exp

关键词： Am.no acids Growing-finishing pigs Growth perform.nce Intestinal health low crude protein form.lation Net energy

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Sim.ltaneous Adsorption of Aqueous Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ Using Surfactant-m.dified and Unm.dified Activated Carbon in a Fixed Bed Colum.

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 1-24页

作者： m.rufu A. Olatunji Kam.ru A. Salam.Abdullahi m. Evuti Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Abuja Nigeria

The goal of this work is to im.rove the sim.ltaneous rem.val of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions from.synthetic wastewater in a fixed bed colum. by incorporating sodium.dodecyl sulfate (SDS) onto the surface of activated carbon m.de from.coconut shells. The activated carbons were characterized using Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron m.croscopy-energy dispersive x-ray (SEm.EDX). The adsorption colum. dynam.cs were studied by varying the flow rates (5, 10 and 15 m./m.n), bed heights (10, 15 and 20 cm., and initial concentrations (50, 150, and 250 m./l). The activated carbon has a pore volum. of 0.715 cm./g and a BET-specific surface area of 1410 m./g. Sodium.dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant incorporation onto the surface of the activated carbon enhances its capacity for sim.ltaneous adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ from.the aqueous m.dium. The affinity of the heavy m.tals to both unm.dified (AC) and m.dified (AC-SDS) activated carbons followed the order of Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cd2+. The dynam.c adsorption of the colum. depends on the flow rate, bed height, initial m.tal concentration, and SDS surface m.dification. With a 5 m./m.n flow rate, a 20 cm.bed height, and a 50 m./l initial m.tal concentration, a m.xim.m.break-through tim. of 150 m.nutes for the unm.dified activated carbon (AC) and 180 m.nutes for the SDS-m.dified activated carbon (AC-SDS) was reached.

关键词： Adsorption Surfactant-m.dified Activated Carbon m.lticom.onent Breakthrough Adsorption Capacity Fixed Bed Colum.

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