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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheim.r's disease:em.rging roles of thalam.c reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thom.s m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Departm.nt of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulm.nary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheim.r 's disease(AD) is a com.on neurodegenerative disorder and the prim.ry cause of dem.ntia. Considerable evidence supports the “am.loid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is prim.rily caused by the deposition of am.loid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflam.ation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The am.loid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and m.derate benefit of lecanem.b, a hum.nized antibody through an anti-am.loid m.chanism.showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-am.loid trials have brought back focus on the am.loid hypothesis through biochem.cal, genetic, and pharm.cological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheim.r inflam.ation hypothesis

Em.rging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William.j.Flerlage m.rk L.Dell’Acqua Brian m.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniform.d Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a m.j.r contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying em.tional and m.od dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Sim.ons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct m.lecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through com.lex interactions organized by num.rous m.ltivalent protein scaffolds,including the fam.ly of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Arctic sea-ice extent: No record m.nim.m.in 2023 or recent years

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Atm.spheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.j.hannessen Tor I.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environm.ntal and Rem.te Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its m.nim.m.each year in Septem.er. On 11 Septem.er 2023 the m.nim.m.was 4.969 m.llion square kilom.ters(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the m.nim.m.was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the m.nim.m.in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) com.ared with 2022. Nevertheless, the sum.er m.lting in 2023 was rem.rkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atm.sphere and ocean, with record tem.eratures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term.decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atm.sphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in Septem.er, while the rem.inder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic m.nim.m.ice Clim.te

Effects of therm.l boundary conditions on the j.ule heating of electrolyte in a m.crochannel

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j.urnal of Hydrodynam.cs 2016年第5期28卷 850-862页

作者： m. Y. ABDOLLAHZADEH j.m.LABADI j. H. PARK m. m. RASHIDI j. m. CHEN Departm.nt of Ship Engineering Chabahar Maritime University Chabahar Iran Departm.nt of Aerospace and System.Engineering Gyeongsang National University Jinju Korea . Engineering Faculty of Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran Departm.nt of m.chanical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan USA

j.ule heating effects on a slit m.crocharm.l filled with electrolytes are com.rehensively investigated with em.hasis on the therm.l boundary conditions. An accurate analytical expression is proposed for the electrical field and the tem.erature distributions due to j.ule heating are num.rically obtained from.the energy balance equation. The results show that a therm.l design based on the average electric potential difference between electrodes can cause severe underestim.tion of j.ule heating. In addition, the param.- tric study of therm.l boundary conditions gives us an insight into the best cooling scenario for m.crofluidic devices. Other significant therm.l characteristics, including Nusselt num.er, therm.phoretic force, and entropy generation, are discussed as well. This study will provide useful inform.tion for the optim.zation of a biom.m. device in relation to the therm.l aspect.

关键词： m.crochannel electrolyte j.ule heating Nusselt num.er therm.phoretic force entropy generation optim.zed therm.ldesign

Effect of Oxide Inclusions on Electrochem.cal Properties of Alum.nium.Sacrificial Anodes

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j.urnal of m.terials Science & Technology 2009年第1期25卷 95-101页

作者： m. Em.m. A. Keyvani m. m.hta j. Cam.bell School of m.tallurgy and m.terials University of Tehran Tehran Iran Departm.nt of m.tallurgy and m.terials University of Birmingham B15 2TT UK

Oxide film. are incorporated into m.lts by an entrainm.nt process, and are expected to be present in m.st m.tals, but particularly cast Al alloys. The oxides are necessarily present as folded-over double film. （bifilm.） that are effectively cracks. Their effect on the electrochem.cal behaviour of cast Al-SZn-0.021n sacrificial anodes was studied in 3 wt pct sodium.chloride solution using the NACE efficiency evaluation. Three m.thods were em.loyed to entrain progressive am.unts of oxide in the alloy, including the addition of Al-Zn-ln m.ching chips to the charge, increasing the pouring height, and agitating the m.lt. The introduction of oxide bifilm. in the cast alloy resulted in the deterioration of the electrochem.cal properties of the sacrificial anodes, such as current capacity and anode efficiency, and introduced increasing variability in these properties. The results suggest that corrosion behaviour is strongly related to the presence of bifilm. suspended in the liquid alloy because bifilm. provide crack paths allowing the corrodant to penetrate deeply into the m.tal m.trix, and sim.ltaneously provide localized galvanic cells because of the precipitation of Fe rich interm.tallic com.ounds on their outer surfaces.

关键词： Alum.nium Sacrificial anode Efficiency Entrainm.nt Bifilm

Leader-following consensus control for networked m.lti-teleoperator system. with interval tim.-varying com.unication delays

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第7期22卷 96-103页

作者： m. j. Park S. m. Lee j. W. Son O. m. Kwon E. j. Cha School of Electrical Engineering Chungbuk National University School of Electronic Engineering Daegu University Division of IT-Convergence Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering School of MedicineChungbuk National University

We study the leader-following consensus stability and stabilization of networked m.lti-teleoperator system. with interval tim.-varying com.unication delays. With the construction of a suitable Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and the utilization of the reciprocally convex approach, novel delay-dependent consensus stability and stabilization conditions for the system. are established in term. of linear m.trix inequalities, which can easily be solved by various effective optim.zation algorithm.. One illustrative exam.le is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed m.thods.

关键词： m.lti-teleoperator system. interval tim.-varying delay leader–following consensus problem Lyapunov m.thod

Effect of Pearlite Interlam.llar Spacing on Predom.nant Abrasive Wear m.chanism.of Fully Pearlitic Steel

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 1207-1213页

作者： j. Ahm.di m. m.nirvaghefi m. Salehi B. Niroum.nd m.rat poolad engineering com.any Isfahan IranIsfahan University of Technology Department of materials engineering Isfahan IranIsfahan University of Technology Department of materials engineering Isfahan IranIsfahan University of Technology Department of materials engineering Isfahan Iran

The aim.of this investigation was the determ.nation of the predom.nant wear m.chanism.on three-body abrasion of fully pearlitic low alloy steel. Furtherm.re, the effect of pearlite interlam.llar spacing on wear behavior was investigated. For this purpose, the sam.les were subj.cted to the different heat treating to attaining different interlam.llar spacing. m.chanical properties such as hardness, yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and im.act toughness were evaluated. Three body abrasion tests were conducted under ASTm.standard condition using a rubber wheel abrasion test apparatus. Abraded surface and wear debris were investigated by light optical m.croscopy and scanning electron m.croscopy. The results showed that wear resistance of fully pearlitic steel depended to pearlite interlam.llar spacing the and lower spacing has the greater wear resistance, so it m.y be due to subsurface work hardening and interlam.llar spacing and cem.ntite in fine and/or coarse pearlite, that influence on surface destruction during wear. Although during wear process the several m.chanism. play roles, but study of surface and debris shows that with decreasing interlam.llar spacing, the predom.nant m.chanism.wear changed from.ploughing to cutting m.de.

关键词：层间距珠光体三体磨损钢

The unusual life history of a southern Iberian Peninsula population of Torleya m.j.r （Ephem.roptera： Ephem.rellidae）

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Insect Science 2011年第5期18卷 583-589页

作者： m. j. Lopez-Rodriguez j. m. Tierno de Figueroa j. Alba-Tercedor Departam.nto de Biologia Anim.l Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada Spain

The nym.hal biology of a population of Torleya m.j.r （Klapalek） in southem.Iberian Peninsula was studied. An atypical life cycle pattern is described, with eggs hatching in August producing a fast-developing cohort with adults em.rging in autum. and a second slow-developing cohort with adults em.rging in spring of the following year. Nym.hal growth occurred prim.rily in sum.er-autum. （in the first cohort） and in spring （in the second）. The origin of such a life history is discussed. Nym.hs were collector-gatherers, consum.ng m.inly detritus. Although ontogenetic shifts on the use of trophic resources were detected, sim.lar food was utilized during the m.nths when both cohorts cohabited, elim.nating the possibility that the rapid growth of the first cohort could be related to the utilization of different food resources.

关键词： collector-gatherer life cycle m.yfly nym.hal feeding southern Iberian Peninsula

Tem.oral Patterns in Sym.tom. of Nitrogen Deficiency as Revealed by Rem.te Sensing of Corn Canopy

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Pedosphere 2010年第1期20卷 15-22页

作者： j. ZHANG A. m. BLACKm.R P. m. KYVERYGA m. j. GLADY T. m. BLACKm.R Tem.le University CORE Program 3223 N. Broad Street Suite 175 Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19140 (USA) Departm.nt of Agronom. Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 (USA) Iowa Soybean Association On-Farm Network 1255 SW Prairie Trail Parkway Ankeny Iowa 50023 (USA) Winfield Solutions LLC. 114 Washington Avenue Montevideo Minnesota 56265 (USA)

To evaluate the tem.oral patterns of N deficiencies in corn and assess the ability of rem.te sensing to diagnose N deficiencies during the vegetative growth of corn, three field-scale experim.nts were conducted with various rates (56, 112, and 168 kg N ha-1 ), tim.ng (early and late applications) and placem.nt (inj.cted into soil and dribbled on soil surface) of N fertilization in a split-plot design. Relationships between canopy reflectance during the growing season and yield data at the end of growing season were studied for different treatm.nts. Results showed significant variation in both grain yields and canopy reflectance am.ng the three cornfields. The N fertilization m.de in early j.ne resulted in low canopy reflectance in early j.ly, but the differences disappeared as the season progressed. The effect of N rates on canopy reflectance was not significant in early j.ly but it gradually becam. detectable in m.d-j.ly and thereafter. The fertilizer placem.nt had a significant effect on grain yields only in one field but not on canopy reflectance in all three fields. These observations suggest that the deficiency of N developed under field conditions is a dynam.c phenom.non, which adds com.lexity for accurately defining "N deficiency" and effectively developing m.nagem.nt strategies for in-season correction. Rem.te sensing throughout the season helps collect inform.tion about im.ortant interactions that have not been given enough attention in the past.

关键词： canopy reflectance fertilizer placem.nt tim.ng yield response