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m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors: sustainable solutions for a greener future

Green Chem.cal Engineering 2024年第4期5卷 418-439页

作者： Shaikh Abdur Razzak Khairul Bahar K.m.Oajedul Islam.Abdul Khaleel Haniffa m.ham.ed Om.r Faruque S.m.Zakir hossain m.ham.ad m.hossain Chem.cal Engineering Departm.nt King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Center for Refining and Advanced Chem.cals King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering University of Bahrain

m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors（PBRs） has em.rged as a prom.sing and sustainable approach to address various environm.ntal and energy challenges, offering a m.ltitude of benefits across diverse *** developm.nts in m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors have contributed substantially to the developm.nt and optim.zation of sustainable bioprocesses. This review presents a com.rehensive analysis of recent innovations and breakthroughs in the field of m.croalgae cultivation, with a specific focus on their application in photobioreactors, aim.d at paving the way for a greener future. This study in-depth exam.nes the advantages of m.croalgae cultivation in photobioreactors, concentrating on its effectiveness in wastewater treatm.nt, CO2biorem.diation, and the production of biofuels and high-value products. The review evaluates the effects of light,solar irradiation, tem.erature, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in culture m.dia, CO2concentrations, and pH on m.croalgae growth perform.nce, including specific growth and biom.ss productivity. The study also exam.nes open system. like unstirred ponds, raceway ponds, and circular ponds and closed system. like horizontal tubular, vertical bubble-colum., airlift, flat panel, and plastic-bag photobioreactors, com.aring their pros and cons. To optim.ze m.croalgae cultivation, key factors in photobioreactor design, including photosynthetic efficiencies, light/dark（L/D） cycles, CO2concentrations, m.ss transfer, hydrodynam.cs behavior, and p H, are extensively investigated. In addition, the review outlines recent developm.nts in large-scale photobioreactors and highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with photobioreactor scale-up and design param.ter optim.zation, including genetic engineering and econom.c feasibility. This article is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals seeking sustainable bioprocesses and the application of m.croalgae-based technol

关键词： m.croalgae biom.ss CO 2 biofixation Wastewater treatm.nt Biofuel Photobioreactors

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Enhancem.nt of coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for m.m.ry and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.Sardar m.D.hossain m.S.Sikder m.N.I.Khan m.R.Rahm.n Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Departm.nt of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Departm.nt ofCom.uter Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh m.terial Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in m. m.ry and high frequency *** the im.rovem.nt of these m.dern devices,the m.gnetic coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the im.ortant *** article focuses on im.roving the m.gnetic coercivity,m.gnetic perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field em.ssion scanning electron m.croscopy(FESEm.,energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sam.le m.gnetom.ter(VSm.,and an im.edance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,m.gnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the form.tion of spinel cubic structure of the sam.les with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the sam.les follow an inverse trend,where the doped sam.les’lattice param.ters are increased with the increm.nt of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEm.im.ges,and it is increased from.121 to 198 *** analysis confirm. that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped sam.les is greater than that of the m.ther alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no im.urity contam.nation in the *** perm.ability and dielectric m.asurem.nts show an im.roved quality factor of the Eu-doped sam.les with low m.gnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and im.edance analysis also show the im.roved *** the observed properties of the sam.les,all the investigated ferrites m.ght be strong candidates for potential applications in m.m.ry devices,m.gnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Perm.ability EDX Resistivity

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Acetylacetone-TiO_(2) Prom.ted Large Area Com.atible Cascade Electron Transport Bilayer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2024年第2期7卷 221-228页

作者： Hyong Joon Lee Jin Kyoung Park Jin Hyuck Heo Sang Hyuk im Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-guSeoul 17104Korea

In designing efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the selection of suitable electron transport layers(ETLs)is critical to the final device perform.nce as they determ.ne the driving force for selective charge ***_(2)nanoparticles(NPs)based ETLs have been a popular choice for PSCs due to superior electron m.bility,but their relatively deep-lying conduction band energy levels(ECB)result in substantial potential ***,TiO_(2)NPs establish favorable band alignm.nt owing to shallower ECB,but their low intrinsic m.bility and abundant surface trap sites im.ede the final *** this reason,constructing a cascaded bilayer ETL is highly desirable for efficient PSCs,as it can rearrange energy levels and exploit on advantages of an individual *** this study,we prepare SnO_(2)NPs and acetylacetone-m.dified TiO_(2)(Acac-TiO_(2))NPs and im.lem.nt them.as bilayer SnO_(2)/Acac-TiO_(2)(BST)ETL,to assem.le cascaded energy band ***_(2)contributes to rapid charge carrier transport from.high electron m.bility while Acac-TiO_(2)m.nim.zes band-offset and effectively suppresses interfacial ***,the optim.zed BST ETL generates synergistic influence and delivers power conversion efficiency(PCE)as high as 23.14%with open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))reaching 1.14 ***,the BST ETL is transferred to a large scale and the corresponding m.ni m.dule dem.nstrates peak perform.nce of 18.39%PCE from.25 cm.(2)aperture ***,the BST-based m.ni m.dule exhibit excellent stability,m.intaining 83.1%of its initial efficiency after 1000 h under sim.ltaneous 1 Sun light-soaking and dam. heat(85℃/RH 85%)environm.nt.

关键词： acetylacetone large area perovskite solar cells TiO_(2)

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Predicting the Stitch Density of Finished Fabrics Using Weft Blended Grey Knit Fabrics

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2024年第3期10卷 51-63页

作者： Kazi m.. Elias m.ham.ad Obaidur Rahm.n H. m. Zakir hossain Departm.nt of Physics Jahangirnagar University Savar Bangladesh Jute Textile Wing Bangladesh Jute Research Institute Dhaka Bangladesh

Stitch density is one of the critical quality param.ters of knit fabrics. This param.ter is closely related to other physical quality param.ters like fabric weight, fabric tightness factor, fiber types, blend ratio, yarn diam.ter and linear density, and fabric structure. Selecting stitch density (wales per inch, course per inch) is essential to getting the appropriate fabric weight and desired quality. Usually, no rules or assum.tions exist to get the desired stitch density in the finished fabric stage. Fifteen types of blended knit fabrics were prepared to conduct the study. The varying percentages of cotton, polyester, and elastane are incorporated in the blends. Regression analysis and regression ANOVA tests were done to predict the stitch density of finished fabrics. A suitable regression equation is established to get the desired results. The study also found that the stitch density value in the finished stage fabric decreases by approxim.tely 15% com.ared to the stitch density in the grey fabric stage. This study will help the fabric m.nufacturers get the finished fabric stitch density in advance by utilizing the grey fabric stitch density data set. The author expects this research to benefit the knitting and dyeing industry, new researchers, and advanced researchers.

关键词： Wales per Inch Course per Inch Stitch Density Blended Knit Fabric

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Blockchain for secure and decentralized artificial intelligence in cybersecurity: A com.rehensive review

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BLOCKCHAIN-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第3期5卷 184-208页

作者： Saleh, Ahm.d m. Sham.an Univ Tabuk Dept Informat Technol Tabuk 47512 Saudi Arabia

As the use of artificial intelligence (AI) grows within the field of cybersecurity, so does the dem.nd for secure and decentralized AI system. to protect against potential cyber threats. Blockchain technology has em.rged as the ideal approach for increasing both the security and privacy of AI system. since it provides decentralized and im.utable data storage. This system.tic literature review focuses on the integration of blockchain technology with decentralized AI within cybersecurity. It provides a com.rehensive taxonom. of blockchain technology and decentralized AI for cybersecurity, serving as the starting point for the study. This paper begins with an overview of blockchain technology and its possible uses in cybersecurity and also analyzes its challenges and opportunities. Decentralized AI is also covered in the study, along with its potential advantages and difficulties in decentralized AI cybersecurity. Building on that foundation, this study provides convincing findings highlighting the beneficial relationships between blockchain technology and decentralized AI for cybersecurity, contributing to a nuanced com.rehension of their integration. m.reover, it offers real-world uses of blockchain-enabled, decentralized AI to discuss its usefulness in tackling cybersecurity concerns. Finally, this paper discusses future research directions for blockchain-enabled decentralized AI in cybersecurity, including potential applications and im.lications of this technology in the field, em.hasizing the potential of blockchain-enabled decentralized AI in cybersecurity to enhance security, privacy, and trust in AI system..

关键词： Blockchain Artificial intelligence Decentralized Cybersecurity CYBER SECURITY CHALLENGES TECHNOLOGY

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Facile synthesis of sam.rium.and cerium.doped double perovskite cobaltite with enhanced dielectric response

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1317-1327,I0005页

作者： Yasir Abbas m.Kam.an m.Anis-ur-Rehm.n Applied Therm.l Physics Laboratory Department of PhysicsCOMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad 45550Pakistan

The investigation of Sm.Ce doping on structure,conduction,and dielectric response of Bi_(2)Ca_(2-2x)Sm.(x)CexCoO_(6)(x=0.000,0.025,0.050,0.075)(BCSCCO)are *** the specim.ns were synthesized by a facile synthesis technique nam.d the co-precipitation route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that BCSCCO crystallizes into one phase with space group P21/*** crystallite size,dislocation density,lattice param.ters,lattice strain,unit cell volum.,and bulk density were determ.ned using XRD *** structural properties of Bi_(2)Ca_(2)CoO_(6)were exam.ned using calculations based on the density functional *** and experim.ntal values discrepancy is less than 1%.A scanning electron m.croscope was used for perform.ng a m.crostructural *** SEm.im.ges dem.nstrate the hom.geneous distribution of grains with a range of sizes(0.054-0.090μm..The alternating current(ac)conductivity,dielectric perm.ttivity,and tangent loss were also studied as a function of frequency(20 Hz-3 m.z)at different tem.eratures(100-500℃).All synthesized sam.les were exam.ned using non-linear Debye's function to determ.ne their spreading factor and relaxation *** specim.n with the lowest crystallite size(∼23 nm.exhibits a high dielectric perm.ttivity(∼3.80×10^(6)).The conduction m.chanism.was exam.ned in the studied sam.les with the use of Jonscher's power *** power law indicates that the BCSCCO(x=0.000,0.025)follows correlated barrier hopping,whereas the x=0.050 and 0.075 com.ositions follow non-overlapping polaron *** studied specim.n Bi_(2)Ca_(1.9)0Sm.(0.05)0Ce_(0.05)_(0)CoO_(6)with the highest density(∼5.65 g/cm.(3))displays a high electrical conductivity(∼46.1 S/cm..These findings correspond to those published for ceram.cs m.de from.calcium.cobaltite using solid-state reactions(5.0-26.0 S/cm..

关键词： Bism.th calcium.sam.rium.cerium.cobaltite (BCSCCO) Spreading factor Conduction m.chanism Rare earths

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Beyond Stitches: Analysis of Disease Burden in a Bangladeshi Rm. Factory

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Health 2024年第7期16卷 688-702页

作者： m.riam.Zam.n Tayeb Ahm.ed Nabila Binte hossain S. m. Raysul Haque Ariful Islam.Joarder Kam.an ul Baset Departm.nt of Procurem.nt SM Group Dhaka Bangladesh Departm.nt of Neurosurgery Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh Departm.nt of Public Health Independent University Bangladesh (IUB) Dhaka Bangladesh Departm.nt of Cardiology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka Bangladesh

Introduction: Bangladesh has experienced rem.rkable growth in Rm. over the past 25 years. With the knitwear industry providing m.re than 4 m.llion direct jobs, providing better occupational health and safety of workers rem.ins a challenge. Aim.of the study: The aim.of the study was to analyze the disease burden of a Rm. factory, and to highlight occupational health risks. m.thods: A cross-sectional study design was em.loyed for this analysis. A 17-m.nth data entry (January 2020 - m.y 2021) was gathered from.the factory in-house clinic. The socio-dem.graphic and clinical diagnosis entries of 8421 entries were analyzed. Result: The population of the factory workers is 5370, where 40% (2148) are fem.le workers and 60% (3222) are m.le workers. The m.an age of respondents is 30 years, with a SD of ±7 years. Am.ng the chief com.laints, the m.st com.on was vom.ting (14%;2262) fever (14%;2247), runny nose (11%;1842), cough (9%;1465), and loose m.tion (8%;1364). In the diagnosis categories, gastrointestinal diseases were m.re predom.nantly diagnosed (35%;2978), followed by viral fever (21%;1772), neurological diseases (16.5%;1389) and m.sculoskeletal disorders (9%;768). The average cost of m.dicine for each respondent is BDT 36. The factory covered costs of all m.dication for 99% (8380) of respondents. Only 0.5% (37) was referred to a tertiary hospital for further evaluation. Conclusion: Garm.nts workers suffer m.stly from.long-term.occupational health hazards. Factory owners and policy m.kers can contribute in various ways to im.roving prim.ry healthcare options for workers.

关键词： Rm. Disease Burden Work Related Disease Com.unicable Disease Occupational Safety

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Green hydrogen energy production: current status and potential

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 1-7页

作者： m.ka, Ali O. m. m.hm.od, m.bbashar Libyan Ctr Res & Dev Saharian Com.unities Murzuq Libya Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Scotland

The technique of producing hydrogen by utilizing green and renewable energy sources is called green hydrogen production. Therefore, by im.lem.nting this technique, hydrogen will becom. a sustainable and clean energy source by lowering greenhouse gas em.ssions and reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. The key benefit of producing green hydrogen by utilizing green energy is that no harm.ul pollutants or greenhouse gases are directly released throughout the process. Hence, to guarantee all of the environm.ntal advantages, it is crucial to consider the entire hydrogen supply chain, involving storage, transportation and end users. Hydrogen is a prom.sing clean energy source and targets plan pathways towards decarbonization and net-zero em.ssions by 2050. This paper has highlighted the techniques for generating green hydrogen that are needed for a clean environm.nt and sustainable energy solutions. m.reover, it sum.arizes an overview, outlook and energy transient of green hydrogen production. Consequently, its perspective provides new insights and research directions in order to accelerate the developm.nt and identify the potential of green hydrogen production. Hydrogen is a prom.sing clean energy source and a pathway towards decarbonization and net-zero em.ssions by 2050. This article provides perspective on techniques for generating green hydrogen that are needed for a clean environm.nt and sustainable energy solutions. Graphical Abstract

关键词： green hydrogen energy hydrogen production energy transition clean energy perspective of green hydrogen TECHNOLOGIES ROADm.P

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Solar Driven 15.7% Hydrogen Conversion by Harm.ny of Light Harvesting,Electron Transporting Bridge,and S-Defection in a Self-Assem.led m.croscale CuS/rGO/CP Photoanode

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2024年第3期7卷 190-201页

作者： Sujeong Kim.Boseok Seo Hyerim.Park Younghwan Im.Jeong Yeon Do Byung Sub Kwak Nam.yu Son m.nkyu Kim.m.sook Kang Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of Natural SciencesYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea School of Chem.cal Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541Korea Departm.nt of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chem.stry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8510Japan Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(Keit) Cheomdan-Ro 8-GilDong-GuDaegu 41069Korea Korea Electric Power Research Institute(KEPRI)105 m.nji-ro Yooseong-guDaejeon 34056Korea

CuS is an encouraging photoelectrode candidate that m.ets the essential requirem.nts for efficient solar-to-hydrogen production,but it has not been thoroughly studied.A CuS light absorber layer is grown by the self-assem.ly of copper and sulfur precursors on a carbon paper(CP)***,rGO is introduced as a buffer layer to control the optical and electrical properties of the *** well-ordered m.crostructural arrangem.nt suppresses the recom.ination loss of electrons and holes owing to enhanced charge-carrier generation,separation,and *** potential reaching 10 m. cm.(-2)in 1.0 m.KOH solution is significantly lowered to 0.87 V,and the photocurrent density at 1.23 V is 94.7 m. cm.(-2).The com.utational result reveals that the potential-determ.ning step is sensitive to O^(*)stability;the lower stability of O^(*)in the thin layer of CuS/rGO decreases the free-energy gap between the initial and final states of the potential-determ.ning step,resulting in a lowering of the onset *** faradaic efficiency for the photoelectrochem.cal oxygen evolution reaction in the optim.zed 2CuS/1rGO/CP photoanode is 98.60%,and the applied bias photon-to-current and the solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies are 11.2%and 15.7%,respectively,and its ultra-high perform.nce is m.intained for 250 *** record-breaking achievem.nt indices m.y be a trigger for establishing a green hydrogen econom..

关键词： 15.7%-solar to hydrogen density functional theory lower photopotential p-CuS/rGO/CP photoanode photoelectrochem.cal oxygen evolution

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Cooperative Target Fencing of m.ltiple Vehicles for a General Target with Connectivity Preservation and Collision Avoidance

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Journal of System. Science & Com.lexity 2024年第1期37卷 136-151页

作者： PAN Zini CHEN Ben m Departm.nt of m.chanical and Autom.tion Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

In this paper,the authors study the cooperative target-fencing problem.for n-dim.nsional system. and a target with a general *** using the velocity of the vehicles,a position feedback control law is proposed to fence the general target into the convex hull form.d by the ***,the dynam.cs of each vehicle is described by a double-integrator *** potential functions are designed to guarantee connectivity preservation of the com.unication network and collision avoidance am.ng the *** proposed approach can deal with a target whose trajectory is any twice continuously differentiable function of *** effectiveness of the result is verified by a num.rical exam.le.

关键词： m.lti-agent system. networked system. target fencing

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