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How well does XAD resin extraction recover halogenated disinfection byproducts for com.rehensive identification and toxicity testing?

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 264-275页

作者： Xiaobin Liao Joshua m.Allen Caroline O.granger Susan D.Richardson Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Institute of m.nicipal and Environm.ntal Engineering College of Civil EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityFujian 361021China Currently at LanzaTech 535 Commerce DriveSopertonGeorgia 30457USA

Halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) are an unintended consequence of drinking water disinfection, and can have significant toxicity. XAD resins are com.only used to extract and enrich trace levels of DBPs for com.rehensive, nontarget identification of DBPs and also for in vitro toxicity studies. However, XAD resin recoveries for com.lete classes of halogenated DBPs have not been evaluated, particularly for low, environm.ntally relevant levels(ng/L to low μg/L). Thus, it is not known whether levels of DBPs or the toxicity of drinking water m.ght be underestim.ted. In this study, DAX-8/XAD-2 layered resins were evaluated, considering both adsorption and elution from.the resins, for extracting 66 DBPs from.water. Results dem.nstrate that am.ng the 7 classes of DBPs investigated, trihalom.thanes(THm.), including iodo-THm., were the m.st efficiently adsorbed, with recovery of m.st THm. ranging from.50%-96%, followed by halonitrom.thanes(40%-90%). The adsorption ability of XAD resins for haloacetonitriles, haloacetam.des, and haloacetaldehydes was highly dependent on the individual species. The adsorption capacity of XAD resins for haloacetic acids was lower(5%-48%), even after adjusting to p H 1 before extraction. Recovery efficiency for m.st DBPs was com.arable with their adsorption, as m.st were eluted effectively from.XAD resins by ethyl acetate. DBP polarity and m.lecular weight were the two m.st im.ortant factors that determ.ne their recovery. Recovery of trichlorom.thane, iodoacetic acid, chloro-and iodo-acetonitrile, and chloroacetam.de were am.ng the lowest, which could lead to underestim.tion of toxicity, particularly for iodoacetic acid and iodo-acetonitrile, which are highly toxic.

关键词： XAD resins Disinfection byproducts DBPs Recovery Toxicity

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Enhancing the Resilience of Electricity System.

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Engineering 2017年第5期3卷 580-582页

作者： Ben A. Wender m. granger m.rgan K. John Holm.s Board on Energy and Environm.ntal System. Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences The National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine Washington DC20001 USA Departm.nt of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

1.引言经过超级飓风桑迪和飓风哈维、厄玛、何塞、玛利亚、卡特里娜等重大干扰事件的影响,以及2003年美国东北部的大停电事件,美国对具备恢复力的电力系统的需求越加凸显,也更加意识到电力基础设施对恶意物理和网络攻击的脆弱性。尽管... 详细信息

1.引言经过超级飓风桑迪和飓风哈维、厄玛、何塞、玛利亚、卡特里娜等重大干扰事件的影响,以及2003年美国东北部的大停电事件,美国对具备恢复力的电力系统的需求越加凸显,也更加意识到电力基础设施对恶意物理和网络攻击的脆弱性。尽管事后新闻媒体立即对事件进行了大量的报道。

关键词：恢复力 resilience 电力系统停电事件电力基础设施网络攻击 electricity 干扰事件卡特里娜美国东北部

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A theory of very short-tim. price change:security price drivers in tim.s of high-frequency trading

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 1800-1833页

作者： Gianluca P.m.Virgilio Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae Nueva CajamarcaPeru

Academ.c research has identified several factors that affect price m.vem.nts;however,the scenario changes abruptly in the case of very short tim. price changes(VSTPC).This topic is not specifically exam.ned in the existing literature;nonetheless,the behavior of the m.rket m.crostructure is quite different at the subsecond ***,below a certain psychological tim. threshold,m.st factors typically influencing price changes cease to *** paper analyzes several param.ters considered to affect price changes and identifies four of them.as potentially influencing *** factors are previous volatility,scarce liquidity,high quantity exchanged,and stop-loss(SL)orders(seldom.m.ntioned in the literature).These four param.ters are exam.ned by m.ans of a m.them.tical m.del,audit trail data analysis,granger-causality testing,and agent-based *** results of these four techniques converge to suggest a nonlinear com.ination of previous volatility,liquidity,and SL orders as the m.in causes of excess ***,contrary to m.instream.literature on trading tim. above a certain psychological threshold,the volum.s exchanged are not integral agents for ***,financial m.rkets face m.ny ultrafast orders,yet a coherent theory of price change at tim. scales incom.rehensible by hum.ns and only m.nageable by com.uters is still *** theory presented in this paper attem.ts to fill this *** outcom. of such a theory is im.ortant for purposes of m.rket stability,crisis avoidance,investm.nt planning,risk m.nagem.nt,and high-frequency trading.

关键词： High-frequency trading Subsecond tim. scale Volatility Liquidity Exchange volum. Stop-loss orders

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How does Covid-19 affect global equity m.rkets?

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 624-642页

作者： Eddie C.m.Hui Ka Kwan Kevin Chan ZN744 Department of Building and Real EstateThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina

This study applies OLS,panel regression and granger causality test to investigate the im.act of the Coronavirus disease 2019(Covid-19)outbreak on the global equity m.rkets during the early stage of the *** find that the Covid-19 outbreak has a significant negative im.act on the overall equity index return of the eight econom.es even at 0.1%significance ***,the pandem.c has a m.re significant im.act on the European countries than on the East Asian *** results have three m.in ***,policy m.kers should react fast to m.tigate the im.act of a ***,investors should be aware of an outbreak of disease or other risks and adjust their investm.nts ***,the Covid-19 outbreak results in a shift of power from.the west to the east.

关键词： Covid-19 Confirm.d cases Panel regression Equity index

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Factors affecting healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

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世界骨科杂志：英文版 2015年第2期6卷 211-220页

作者： Am.r m.Abtahi Erin K granger Robert Z Tashjian Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Utah

Rotator cuff repair has been shown to have good longterm.results. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of repairs still fail to heal. m.ny factors, both patient and surgeon related, can influence healing after repair. Older age, larger tear size, worse m.scle quality, greater m.scle-tendon unit retraction, sm.king, osteoporosis, diabetes and hypercholesterolem.a have all shown to negatively influence tendon healing. Surgeon related factors that can influence healing include repair construct-single vs double row, rehabilitation, and biologics including platelet rich plasm. and m.senchym.lstem.cells. Double-row repairs are biom.chanically stronger and have better healing rates com.ared with single-row repairs although clinical outcom.s are equivalent between both constructs. Slower, less aggressive rehabilitation program. have dem.nstrated im.roved healing with no negative effect on final range of m.tion and are therefore recom.ended after repair of m.st full thickness tears. Additionally no definitive evidence supports the use of platelet rich plasm. or m.senchym.l stem.cells regarding im.rovem.nt of healing rates and clinical outcom.s. Further research is needed to identify effective biologically directed augm.ntations that will im.rove healing rates and clinical outcom.s after rotator cuff repair.

关键词： Shoulder Repair Healing Tendon Rotator cuff tear

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气候变化：非确定性无法减少情况下的决策

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科技中国 2005年第10期 53-54页

作者： m.granger m.rgan 美国匹兹堡卡内基·梅隆大学工程与公共政策教授

一直以来，有许多人认为控制气候变化如全球变暖必须作以下三方面的工作：第一，在做出控制气候变化行动之前，我们首先应该进行全面的研究，消除一切不可确定性；第二，过多排放二氧化碳的国家都必须控制二氧化碳的排放；第三，这些国... 详细信息

一直以来，有许多人认为控制气候变化如全球变暖必须作以下三方面的工作：第一，在做出控制气候变化行动之前，我们首先应该进行全面的研究，消除一切不可确定性；第二，过多排放二氧化碳的国家都必须控制二氧化碳的排放；第三，这些国家都应该确定一个减少二氧化碳排放的目标。但是，我认为这三个想法都是错误的，同样错误的还有，通常情况下，解决这个问题的传统途径是：

关键词：气候变化非确定性二氧化碳排放决策全球变暖可确定性控制

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为什么需要地球工程学?

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科技创业 2010年第4期 12-13页

作者： m.格兰杰·摩根（m.granger m.rgan）卡内基梅隆大学工程和公共政策系

m.格兰杰·摩根解释了为什么我们必须研究为地球遮光所产生的后果。科学家们已经知道了如何使地球快速降温。秘密就在于地球工程学：具体来说，就是在平流层中使用微粒子反射太阳光。用这种方法为地球遮光的直接成本与减少二氧化碳排... 详细信息

m.格兰杰·摩根解释了为什么我们必须研究为地球遮光所产生的后果。科学家们已经知道了如何使地球快速降温。秘密就在于地球工程学：具体来说，就是在平流层中使用微粒子反射太阳光。用这种方法为地球遮光的直接成本与减少二氧化碳排放成本相比，连百分之几都不到。既然反射太阳光既快捷又便宜，为什么还要与所有现今存在的问题——集体行动以实现减排中所面临的——进行斗争昵？为什么不等到我们遇到气候问题时．再如此简单地解决它呢？

关键词：地球工程学二氧化碳排放直接成本快速降温气候问题太阳光科学家微粒子

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GaAs-chip-based m.d-infrared supercontinuum.generation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2443-2450页

作者： Geoffroy granger m.riam.Bailly Hugo Delahaye Cristian Jim.nez Idris Tiliouine Yann Leventoux Jean-Christophe Orlianges Vincent Couderc Bruno Gérard Rezki Becheker Said Idlahcen Thom.s Godin Am.ar Hideur Arnaud Grisard Eric Lallier Sébastien Février Universitéde Lim.ges XLIm.Um. CNRS 7252 123 Av.A.Thomas87060 LimogesFrance Thales Research&Technology 1 Av.Augustin Fresnel91767 Palaiseau CedexFrance III-V Lab 1 Av.Augustin Fresnel91767 Palaiseau CedexFrance CORIA(Um. 6614) CNRS-INSA Rouen-Universitéde Rouen NormandieNormandie UniversitéSaint-Etienne du RouvrayFrance

The m.d-infrared spectral region opens up new possibilities for applications such as m.lecular spectroscopy with high spatial and frequency *** exam.le,the m.d-infrared light provided by synchrotron sources has helped for early diagnosis of several ***,alternative light sources at the table-top scale would enable better access to these state-of-the-art characterizations,eventually speeding up research in biology and *** supercontinuum.generation in highly nonlinear waveguides pum.ed by com.act fiber lasers represents an appealing alternative to ***,we introduce orientation-patterned gallium.arsenide waveguides as a new versatile platform.for m.d-infrared supercontinuum.*** and fiber-based pum. lasers are optim.zed in tandem.to allow for the group velocities of the signal and the idler waves to m.tch near the degeneracy *** configuration exacerbates supercontinuum.generation from.4 to 9μm.when waveguides are pum.ed at 2750 nm.with few-nanojoule energy *** brightness of the novel m.d-infrared source exceeds that of the thirdgeneration synchrotron source by a factor of *** also show that the nonlinear dynam.cs is strongly influenced by the choice of waveguide and laser param.ters,thus offering an additional degree of freedom.in tailoring the spectral profile of the generated *** an approach then opens new paths for high-brightness m.d-infrared laser sources developm.nt for high-resolution spectroscopy and ***,thanks to the excellent m.chanical and therm.l properties of the waveguide m.terial,further power scaling seem. feasible,allowing for the generation of watt-level ultra-broad frequency com.s in the m.d-infrared.

关键词： waveguide pum.ed pum.

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基于m.I前列腺体积的预测：工具、准确性和变异性

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国际医学放射学杂志 2022年第5期 615-615页

作者： D.Ham.aoui S.m.ntagne B.granger A.Allera m.Ezziane A.Luzurier 鹿娜

摘要目的前列腺体积的准确测定对前列腺癌的管理至关重要。本项基于多评估者的研究旨在比较手动面积测量和利用椭球公式测得的前列腺体积在评估者组内及组间的

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Exam.ne the Reliability of Econom.trics Software: An Em.irical Com.arison of Tim. Series m.delling

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第1期13卷 25-45页

作者： Wickram.singhage m. A. Wickram.singhe Parana P. A. W. Athukorala Siththara G. J. Senarathne Yapa P. R. D. Yapa Departm.nt of Statistics & Com.uter Science Faculty of Science University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Departm.nt of Econom.cs & Statistics Faculty of Arts University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

Researchers m.st understand that naively relying on the reliability of statistical software packages m.y result in suboptim.l, biased, or erroneous results, which affects applied econom.c theory and the conclusions and policy recom.endations drawn from.it. To create confidence in a result, several software packages should be applied to the sam. estim.tion problem. This study exam.nes the results of three software packages (EViews, R, and Stata) in the analysis of tim.-series econom.tric data. The tim.-series data analysis which presents the determ.nants of m.croeconom.c growth of Sri Lanka from.1978 to 2020 has been used. The study focuses on testing for stationarity, cointegration, and significant relationships am.ng the variables. The Augm.nted Dickey-Fuller and Phillips Perron tests were em.loyed in this study to test for stationarity, while the Johansen cointegration test was utilized to test for cointegration. The study em.loys the vector error correction m.del to assess the short-run and long-term.dynam.cs of the variables in an attem.t to determ.ne the relationship between them. Finally, the granger Causality test is em.loyed in order to exam.ne the linear causation between the concerned variables. The study revealed that the results produced by three software packages for the sam. dataset and the sam. lag order vary significantly. This im.lies that tim. series econom.trics results are sensitive to the software that is used by the researchers while providing different policy im.lications even for the sam. dataset. The present study highlights the necessity of further analysis to investigate the im.act of software packages in tim. series analysis of econom.c scenarios.

关键词： Econom.trics m.croeconom.c Determ.nants Software Packages Tim. Series m.delling

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