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Search for the doubly charm.d baryon ?cc~+

Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2021年第10期64卷 6-17页

作者： R. Aaij C. Abellán Beteta T. Ackernley B. Adeva m. Adinolfi H. Afsharnia C. A. Aidala S. Aiola Z. Ajaltouni S. Akar J. Albrecht F. Alessio m. Alexander A. Alfonso Albero Z. Aliouche g. Alkhazov P. Alvarez Cartelle S. Am.to Y. Am.is L. An L. Anderlini A. Andreianov m. Andreotti F. Archilli A. Artam.nov m. Artuso K. Arzym.tov E. Aslanides m. Atzeni B. Audurier S. Bachm.nn m. Bachm.yer J. J. Back P. Baladron Rodrig.ez V. Balag.ra W. Baldini J. Baptista Leite R. J. Barlow S. Barsuk W. Barter m. Bartolini F. Baryshnikov J. m. Basels g. Bassi B. Batsukh A. Battig.A. Bay m. Becker F. Bedeschi I. Bediag. A. Beiter V. Belavin S. Belin V. Bellee K. Belous I. Belov I. Belyaev g. Bencivenni E. Ben-Haim.A. Berezhnoy R. Bernet D. Berning.off H. C. Bernstein C. Bertella A. Bertolin C. Betancourt F. Betti I. Bezshyiko S. Bhasin J. Bhom.L. Bian m. S. Bieker S. Bifani P. Billoir m. Birch F. C. R. Bishop A. Bitadze A. Bizzeti m. Bj?rn m. P. Blag. T. Blake F. Blanc S. Blusk D. Bobulska J. A. Boelhauve O. Boente g.rcia T. Boettcher A. Boldyrev A. Bondar N. Bondar S. Borg.i m. Borisyak m. Borsato J. T. Borsuk S. A. Bouchiba T. J. V. Bowcock A. Boyer C. Bozzi m. J. Bradley S. Braun A. Brea Rodrig.ez m. Brodski J. Brodzicka A. Brossa g.nzalo D. Brundu A. Buonaura C. Burr A. Bursche A. Butkevich J. S. Butter J. Buytaert W. Byczynski S. Cadeddu H. Cai R. Calabrese L. Calefice L. Calero Diaz S. Cali R. Calladine m. Calvi m. Calvo g.m.z P. Cam.rg. m.g.lhaes P. Cam.ana A. F. Cam.overde Quezada S. Capelli L. Capriotti A. Carbone g. Carboni R. Cardinale A. Cardini I. Carli P. Carniti L. Carus K. Carvalho Akiba A. Casais Vidal g. Casse m. Cattaneo g. Cavallero S. Celani J. Cerasoli A. J. Chadwick m. g. chapman m. Charles P. Charpentier g. Chatzikonstantinidis C. A. Chavez Barajas m. Chefdeville C. Chen S. Chen A. Chernov V. Chobanova S. Cholak m. Chrzaszcz A. Chubykin V. Chulikov P. Ciam.rone m. F. Cicala X. Cid Vidal g. Ciezarek P. E. L. Clarke m. Clem.ncic H. V. Clif J. Closier J. L. Cobbledick V. Coco J. A. B. Coelho J. Cog.n E. Cog.eras L. Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Computer Science Electronics and Telecommunications Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aix m.rseille Univ Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (SB RAS) Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge Center for Hig. Energ. Physics Tsinghua University Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) DS4DS La Salle Universitat Ramon Llull Departam.nto de Fisica Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of Manchester Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Uppsala University Departm.nt of Physics University of Oxford Departm.nt of Physics University of Warwick Eotvos Lorand University European Org.nization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Fakult?t Physik Technische Universit?t Dortmund g.ang.ong.Provencial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory University of Bristol Hang.hou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hanoi University of Science Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academ. of Sciences Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Eng.neering I. Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University ICCUB Universitat de Barcelona INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di Bari INFN Sezione di Bolog.a INFN Sezione di Cag.iari INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di Firenze INFN Sezione di g.nova INFN Sezione di m.lano INFN Sezione di m.lano-Bicocca INFN Sezione di Perug.a INFN Sezione di Pisa INFN Sezione di Rom. La Sapienza INFN Sezione di Rom. Tor Verg.ta Im.erial Colleg. London Institut für Physik Universit?t Rostock Institute Of Hig. Energ. Physics (IHEP) Institute for Hig. Energ. Physics NRC Kurchatov Institute (IHEP NRC KI) Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academ. of Sciences (KINR) Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academ. of Sciences (INR RAS) Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University (SINP MSU) Institut

A search for the doubly charm.d baryon ?cc~+ with the decay m.de ?cc~+→Ξc~+K~-π~+ is perform.d using.proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-m.ss energ. of 13 TeV collected by the LHCb experim.nt from.2016 to 2018, corresponding.to an integ.ated lum.nosity of 5.4 fb-1. No sig.ificant sig.al is observed within the invariant m.ss rang. of 3.6 to 4.0 g.V/c~2. Upper lim.ts are set on the ratio R of the production cross-section tim.s the total branching.fraction of the ?cc~+→Ξc~+K~-π~+ decay with respect to the Ξcc++→Λc~+K~-π~+π~+ decay. Upper lim.ts at 95% credibility level for R in the rang. 0.005 to 0.11 are obtained for diferent hypotheses on the ?cc~+ m.ss and lifetim. in the rapidity rang. from.2.0 to 4.5 and transverse m.m.ntum.rang. from.4 to 15 g.V/c.

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Perform.nce and calibration of quark/g.uon-jet tag.ers using.140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： g. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling.N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorm. H. Abram.wicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam.Bourdarios L. Adam.zyk S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelm.n A. Adig.zel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Ag.ras J. Ag.rwala A. Ag.arwal C. Ag.eorg.iesei A. Ahm.d F. Ahm.dov W.S. Ahm.d S. Ahuja X. Ai g. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tam.ihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg.m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akim.v D. Akiyam. N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury g.L. Alberg.i J. Albert P. Albicocco g.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Alg.en m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev g. Alim.nti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpig.ani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.g. Alvig.i m. Aly Y. Am.ral Coutinho A. Am.ler C. Am.lung.m. Am.rl C.g. Am.s D. Am.dei S.P. Am.r Dos Santos K.R. Am.s V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Ang.lidakis A. Ang.ram. A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcang.letti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arg.in S. Arg.ropoulos J.-H. Arling.O. Arnaez H. Arnold g. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assam.g.n R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atm.ni P.A. Atm.siddha K. Aug.ten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup g. Avolio K. Axiotis g. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backm.n A. Badea P. Bag.aia m. Bahm.ni A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi g.pta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubram.nian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieram.nte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m.S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron m. The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets orig.nating.from.quarks and g.uons,often referred to as quark/g.uon tag.ing.plays an im.ortant role in various analyses perform.d at the Larg. Hadron Collider,as Standard m.del m.asurem.nts and searches for new particles decaying.to quarks often rely on suppressing.a larg. g.uon-induced backg.ound.This paper describes the m.asurem.nt of the efficiencies of quark/g.uon tag.ers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using.√s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integ.ated lum.nosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS experim.nt.Two tag.ers with hig. perform.nces in rejecting.jets from.g.uon over jets from.quarks are studied:one tag.er is based on requirem.nts on the num.er of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other com.ines several jet substructure observables using.a boosted decision tree.A m.thod is established to determ.ne the quark/g.uon fraction in data,by using.quark/g.uon-enriched subsam.les defined by the jet pseudorapidity.Differences in tag.ing.efficiency between data and sim.lation are provided for jets with transverse m.m.ntum.between 500 g.V and 2 TeV and for m.ltiple tag.er working.points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK g.UON TAg.INg

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As clear as m.d： Turbidity induces behavioral chang.s in the African cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus m.lticolor

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Current Zoolog. 2012年第1期58卷 146-157页

作者： g.ay, Suzanne m. m.Donnell, Laura H. Cinquem.ni, Fabio g. chapman, Lauren J. Departm.nt of Biolog. McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave Montreal QC Canada H3A 1B1 Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA

Aquatic biodiversity is being.lost at an unprecedented rate. One factor driving.this loss is increased turbidity, an environm.ntal stressor that can im.ose behavioral, m.rpholog.cal, and/or physiolog.cal costs on fishes. Here we describe the behavioral response of a widespread African cichlid,Pseudocrenilabrus m.lticolor victoriae, to turbidity. We used a split-brood rearing.desig. to test if F1 offspring.reared in turbid water, orig.nating.from.river (turbid) and swam. (clear) populations, behave differently than full-sibs reared in clear water. We exam.ned two facets of behavior: (1) behaviors of fish in full sib g.oups, including.activity level and social dynam.cs collected during.the rearing.period; and (2) m.le ag.ressive behavior directed at potential m.le com.etitors after fish had reached m.turity; this was done in an experim.ntal set-up independent of the rearing.aquaria. Reg.rdless of population of orig.n, fish reared in turbid water were m.rg.nally less active and perform.d fewer social behaviors than those reared in clear water. On the other hand, when tested ag.inst a com.etitor in turbid water, m.les perform.d m.re ag.ressive behaviors, reg.rdless of population of orig.n or rearing.environm.nt. Our results sug.est a plastic behavioral response to turbidity that m.y allowP. m.lticolorto persist over a rang. of turbidity levels in nature by decreasing.activity and g.neral social behaviors and intensifying.reproductive behaviors to ensure reproductive success.

关键词：攻击行为浊度水多色非洲水生生物多样性泥浆社会行为鲷

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A g.neric m.del to Estim.te Wheat LAI over g.owing.Season Reg.rdless of the Soil-Type Backg.ound

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Plant Phenom.cs 2023年第2期5卷 333-352页

作者： Qiaom.n Chen Bang.ou Zheng.Karine Chenu Scott C.chapman School of Ag.iculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLDAustralia Ag.iculture and Food CSIROQueensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLDAustralia The University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationToowoombaQLDAustralia

It is valuable to develop a g.neric m.del that can accurately estim.te the leaf area index(LAI)of wheat from.unm.nned aerial vehicle-based m.ltispectral data for diverse soil backg.ounds without any g.ound calibration.To achieve this objective,2 strateg.es were investig.ted to im.rove our existing.random.forest reg.ession(RFR)m.del,which was trained with sim.lations from.a radiative transfer m.del(PROSAIL).The 2 strateg.es consisted of(a)broadening.the reflectance dom.in of soil backg.ound to g.nerate training.data and(b)finding.an appropriate set of indicators(band reflectance and/or veg.tation indices)as inputs of the RFR m.del.The RFR m.dels were tested in diverse soils representing.varying.soil types in Australia.Sim.lation analysis indicated that adopting.both strateg.es resulted in a g.neric m.del that can provide accurate estim.tion for wheat LAI and is resistant to chang.s in soil backg.ound.From.validation on 2 years of field trials,this m.del achieved hig. prediction accuracy for LAI over the entire crop cycle(LAI up to 7 m.(2)m.(−2))(root m.an square error(Rm.E):0.23 to 0.89 m.(2)m.(−2)),including.for sparse canopy(LAI less than 0.3 m.(2)m.(−2))g.own on different soil types(Rm.E:0.02 to 0.25 m.(2)m.(−2)).The m.del reliably captured the seasonal pattern of LAI dynam.cs for different treatm.nts in term. of g.notypes,plant densities,and water–nitrog.n m.nag.m.nts(correlation coefficient:0.82 to 0.98).With appropriate adaptations,this fram.work can be adjusted to any type of sensors to estim.te various traits for various species(including.but not lim.ted to LAI of wheat)in associated disciplines,e.g.,crop breeding.precision ag.iculture,etc.

关键词： soil Wheat breeding

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Helper T cell differentiation

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unolog. 2019年第7期16卷 634-643页

作者： Jordy Saravia Nicole m.chapman Hong.o Chi Departm.nt of Im.unolog. St.Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA

CD4^(+)T helper cells are key reg.lators of host health and disease.In the orig.nal m.del,specialized subsets of T helper cells are g.nerated following.activation throug. lineag.-specifying.cytokines and transcriptional prog.am.,but recent studies have revealed increasing.com.lexities for CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation.Here,we first discuss CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation from.a historical perspective by hig.lig.ting.the m.jor studies that defined the distinct subsets of T helper cells.We next describe the m.chanism. underlying.CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation,including.cytokine-induced sig.aling.and transcriptional networks.We then review current and em.rg.ng.topics of differentiation,including.the plasticity and heterog.neity of T cells,the tissue-specific effects,and the influence of cellular m.tabolism.on cell fate decisions.Im.ortantly,recent advances in cutting.edg. approaches,especially system. biolog. tools,have contributed to new concepts and m.chanism. underlying.T-cell differentiation and will likely continue to advance this im.ortant research area of adaptive im.unity.

关键词： T cells Treg differentiation plasticity im.unom.tabolism

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The Chrom.som.l Control of Leaf Characteristics of Early-Stag. Plants in Wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L.)

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Ag.icultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 159-165页

作者： LI Cun-dong.BAI Zhi-ying.Ye g.m.yag. m.chapman S Reader S m.LIU Chun-ji CSIRO Plant Industry Queensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLD 4067Australia Faculty of Ag.iculture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China Colleg. of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China School of Land and Food Sciences University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColney NorwichNR4 7UHUK

Rapid expansion of leaves of early-stag. plants in wheat produced by chrom.som.l control of characteristics related to rapid expansion of the first six leaves of wheat were investig.ted using.a set of sing.e chrom.som. substitution lines under two different tem.erature reg.m.s（TRs）.Results from.this study indicated that several chrom.som.s could be responsible for each of the four characteristics studied（including.leaf width,leaf leng.h,leaf elong.tion rate and leaf appearance index） and that different chrom.som.s m.y be responsible for the sam. characteristics at different TRs.Only a sm.ll num.er of substitutions that showed the m.st sig.ificant effects on leaf leng.h were found am.ng.those that showed the m.st sig.ificant effects on leaf width,providing.further evidence that these two characteristics are likely controlled by different sets of g.nes.Substitutions 4B,4D,and 5A are am.ng.those that were repeatedly detected to having.sig.ificant effects on different leaf characteristics at the lower-TR and g.nes residing.on these three chrom.som.s could be hom.log.us.This possibility and its im.lication are discussed.

关键词： wheat leaf characteristics chrom.som.l control

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Acoustic Sensing.Techniques for the Shallow Water Environm.nt 2006

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2006年

作者： Andrea Caiti N. Ross chapman Jean-Pierre Herm.nd Sérg.o m. Jesus

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Hypoxic training.m.thods for im.roving.endurance exercise perform.nce

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第4期4卷 325-332页

作者： Jacob A. Sinex Robert E chapman School of Public Health Department of Kinesiology Human Performance Laboratory Indiana University Bloomington IN 47401 USA

耐力运动表现与很多因素都高度相关,这些因素可以通过高原训练和低氧训练改变,包括增加红细胞量、提高最大有氧运动能力、增加毛细血管密度和提高有氧运动的经济性。针对短期和长期暴露在低氧环境中的生理适应性已有很多研究,发现从短... 详细信息

耐力运动表现与很多因素都高度相关,这些因素可以通过高原训练和低氧训练改变,包括增加红细胞量、提高最大有氧运动能力、增加毛细血管密度和提高有氧运动的经济性。针对短期和长期暴露在低氧环境中的生理适应性已有很多研究,发现从短期的不利影响到长期适应的过程可提高在高原和海平面比赛的运动表现。许多高原和低氧训练方案逐步被改良,包括通过在海平面、低、中、高不同海拔,以及自然或人工的海拔中生活和训练的各种组合,产生不同程度的训练效果。部分因素已被证实与低氧训练的个体反应有关,鉴定这些运动员最有可能受益于低氧训练的技术值得进一步研究。本研究建议的高住低练方案为;低海拔地区训练的同时,在足够的高度(2 000-3 000 m.每天至少生活12 h,周期最少为21天。尽管此类高住低练建议普遍存在.但有关高原训练时间和比赛运动表现的关系仍存在争论。

关键词：训练方法低氧运动成绩耐力缺氧环境低海拔地区运动表现细胞体积

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Search for the doubly heavy baryons Ωbc~0 and Ξbc~0 decaying.to Λc~+π~- and Ξc~+π~-

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第9期45卷 14-25页

作者： R.Aaij C.Abellán Beteta T.Ackernley B.Adeva m.Adinolfi H.Afsharnia C.A.Aidala S.Aiola Z.Ajaltouni S.Akar J.Albrecht F.Alessio m.Alexander A.Alfonso Albero Z.Aliouche g.Alkhazov P.Alvarez Cartelle S.Am.to Y.Am.is L.An L.Anderlini A.Andreianov m.Andreotti F.Archilli A.Artam.nov m.Artuso K.Arzym.tov E.Aslanides m.Atzeni B.Audurier S.Bachm.nn m.Bachm.yer J.J.Back P.Baladron Rodrig.ez V.Balag.ra W.Baldini J.Baptista Leite R.J.Barlow S.Barsuk W.Barter m.Bartolini F.Baryshnikov J.m.Basels g.Bassi B.Batsukh A.Battig.A.Bay m.Becker F.Bedeschi I.Bediag. A.Beiter V.Belavin S.Belin V.Bellee K.Belous I.Belov I.Belyaev g.Bencivenni E.Ben-Haim.A.Berezhnoy *** D.Berning.off H.C.Bernstein C.Bertella A.Bertolin C.Betancourt F.Betti Ia.Bezshyiko S.Bhasin J.Bhom.L.Bian m.S.Bieker S.Bifani P.Billoir m.Birch F.C.R.Bishop A.Bitadze A.Bizzeti m.Bj?rn m.P.Blag. T.Blake F.Blanc S.Blusk D.Bobulska J.A.Boelhauve O.Boente g.rcia T.Boettcher A.Boldyrev A.Bondar N.Bondar S.Borg.i m.Borisyak m.Borsato J.T.Borsuk S.A.Bouchiba T.J.V.Bowcock A.Boyer C.Bozzi m.J.Bradley S.Braun A.Brea Rodrig.ez m.Brodski J.Brodzicka A.Brossa g.nzalo D.Brundu A.Buonaura C.Burr A.Bursche A.Butkevich J.S.Butter J.Buytaert W.Byczynski S.Cadeddu H.Cai R.Calabrese L.Calefice L.Calero Diaz S.Cali R.Calladine m.Calvi m.Calvo g.m.z P.Cam.rg. m.g.lhaes A.Cam.oni P.Cam.ana A.F.Cam.overde Quezada S.Capelli L.Capriotti A.Carbone g.Carboni R.Cardinale A.Cardini I.Carli P.Carniti L.Carus K.Carvalho Akiba A.Casais Vidal g.Casse m.Cattaneo g.Cavallero S.Celani J.Cerasoli A.J.Chadwick m.g.chapman m.Charles Ph.Charpentier g.Chatzikonstantinidis C.A.Chavez Barajas m.Chefdeville C.Chen S.Chen A.Chernov V.Chobanova S.Cholak m.Chrzaszcz A.Chubykin V.Chulikov P.Ciam.rone m.F.Cicala X.Cid Vidal g.Ciezarek P.E.L.Clarke m.Clem.ncic H.V.Cliff J.Closier J.L.Cobbledick V.Coco J.A.B.Coelho J.Cog.n E.Cog.eras L.Cojocariu P.Collins T.Colom.o L.Cong.do A.Contu N.Cooke g.Coom.s g.Corti C.m.Costa Sobral B.Couturier D.C.Craik J.Crkovská m.Cruz Torres R.Currie C.L.Da Silva E.Dall’Occo J.Dalseno C.D’Am. Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Computer Science Electronics and Telecommunications Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aix m.rseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (SB RAS) Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge Center for Hig. Energ. Physics Tsinghua University Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) DS4DS La Salle Universitat Ramon Llull Departam.nto de Fisica Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of Manchester Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Uppsala University Departm.nt of Physics University of Oxford Departm.nt of Physics University of Warwick European Org.nization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Fakult?t Physik Technische Universit?t Dortmund g.ang.ong.Provencial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory University of Bristol Hang.hou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hanoi University of Science Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academ. of Sciences Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Eng.neering I.Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University ICCUB Universitat de Barcelona INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di Bari INFN Sezione di Bolog.a INFN Sezione di Cag.iari INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di Firenze INFN Sezione di g.nova INFN Sezione di m.lano INFN Sezione di m.lano-Bicocca INFN Sezione di Perug.a INFN Sezione di Pisa INFN Sezione di Rom. La Sapienza INFN Sezione di Rom. Tor Verg.ta Im.erial Colleg. London Institut für Physik Universit?t Rostock Institute Of Hig. Energ. Physics (IHEP) Institute for Hig. Energ. Physics NRC Kurchatov Institute (IHEP NRC KI) Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academ. of Sciences (KINR) Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academ. of Sciences (INR RAS) Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University (SINP MSU) Institute of Part

The first search for the doubly heavy Ωbc~0 baryon and a search for the Ξbc~0 baryon are perform.d using.pp collision data collected via the LHCb experim.nt from.2016 to 2018 at a centre-of-m.ss energ. of 13 TeV,corresponding.to an integ.ated lum.nosity of 5.2 fb-1.The baryons are reconstructed via their decays to ∧c~+π~-andΞc~+π~-.No sig.ificant excess is found for invariant m.sses between 6700 and 7300 m.V/c2,in a rapidity rang. from..0 to 4.5 and a transverse m.m.ntum.rang. from.2 to 20 m.V/c.Upper lim.ts are set on the ratio of the Ωbc~0 andΞbc~0 production cross-section tim.s the branching.fraction to ∧c~+π~-(Ξc~+π~-) relative to that of the ∧b~0(Ξb~0) baryon,for different lifetim. hypotheses,at 95% confidence level.The upper lim.ts rang. from.0.5×10-4to 2.5×10-4for theΩbc~0→∧c~+π~-(Ξbc~0→∧c~+π~-) decay,and from.1.4×10-3to 6.9×10-3for the Ωbc~0→Ξc~+π~-(Ξbc~0→Ξc~+π~-) decay,depending.on the considered m.ss and lifetim. of the Ωbc~0(Ξbc~0) baryon.

关键词： B physics quarkonium spectroscopy heavy quark production

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Observation of a sing.e protein by ultrafast X-ray diffraction

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Lig.t(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 80-90页

作者： Tom.s Ekeberg.Dam.li Assalauova Johan Bielecki Rebecca Boll Benedikt J.Daurer Lutz A.Eichacker Linda E.Franken Davide E.g.lli Luca g.lisio Lars g.m.recht Laura H.g.nn Janos Hajdu Robert Hartm.nn Dirk Hasse Alexandr Ig.atenko Jayanath Koliyadu Olena Kulyk Ruslan Kurta m.rkus Kuster Wolfg.ng.Lug.0}yr Jannik Lübke Adrian P.m.ncuso Tom.aso m.zza Carl Nettelblad Yevheniy Ovcharenko Daniel E.Rivas m.x Rose Am.t K.Sam.nta Philipp Schm.dt Eg.r Sobolev Nicusor Tim.eanu Serg.y Usenko Daniel Westphal Tam.e Wollweber Lena Worbs Paul Lourdu Xavier Hazem.Yousef Kartik Ayyer Henry N.chapman Jonas A.Sellberg.Carolin Seuring.Ivan A.Vartanyants Jochen Küpper m.chael m.yer Filipe R.N.C.m.ia Laboratory of m.lecular Biophysics Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyUppsala UniversityHusargatan 3(Box 596)SE-75124 UppsalaSweden Deutsches Electronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 8522607 HamburgGermany European XFEL Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Diam.nd Lig.t Source Harwell Science&Innovation CampusDidcot OX110DEUK University of Stavang.r Centre Organelle ResearchRichard-Johnsensgate 44021 StavangerNorway Leibniz Institute for Experim.ntal Virolog.(HPI) Centre for Structural Systems BiologyNotkestraße 8522607 HamburgGermany Dipartim.nto di Fisica“Aldo Pontrem.li” Universitàdegli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 1620133 MilanoItaly Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY22607 HamburgGermany Plant Biolog. Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA PNSensor g.0}H Otto-Hahn-Ring 6D-81739 MünchenGermany Biom.dical and X-Ray Physics Department of Applied PhysicsAlbaNova University CenterKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE-10691 StockholmSweden ELI Beam.ines/IoP Institute of Physics AS CR v.v.i.Na Slovance 218221 Prague 8Czech Republic m.lti-User CryoEm.Facility Centre for Structural Systems BiologyNotkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany University m.dical Center Ham.urg.Eppendorf(UKE) Martinistrasse 5220246 HamburgGermany The Ham.urg.Center for Ultrafast Im.g.ng Universität HamburgLuruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Physics Universität HamburgLuruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia Division of Scientific Com.uting Science for Life LaboratoryDepartment of Information TechnologyUppsala UniversityBox 337SE-75105 UppsalaSweden European m.lecular Biolog. Laboratory c/o DESYNotkestrasse 8522607 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Uppsala UniversityBox 516SE-75120 UppsalaSweden m.x Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynam.cs of m.tter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGe

The idea of using.ultrashort X-ray pulses to obtain im.g.s of sing.e proteins frozen in tim. has fascinated and inspired m.ny.It was one of the arg.m.nts for building.X-ray free-electron lasers.According.to theory,the extrem.ly intense pulses provide sufficient sig.al to dispense with using.crystals as an am.lifier,and the ultrashort pulse duration perm.ts capturing.the diffraction data before the sam.le inevitably explodes.This was first dem.nstrated on biolog.cal sam.les a decade ag. on the g.ant m.m.virus.Since then,a larg. collaboration has been pushing.the lim.t of the sm.llest sam.le that can be im.g.d.The ability to capture snapshots on the tim.scale of atom.c vibrations,while keeping.the sam.le at room.tem.erature,m.y allow probing.the entire conform.tional phase space of m.crom.lecules.Here we show the first observation of an X-ray diffraction pattern from.a sing.e protein,that of Escherichia coli g.oEL which at 14 nm.in diam.ter is the sm.llest biolog.cal sam.le ever im.g.d by X-rays,and dem.nstrate that the concept of diffraction before destruction extends to sing.e proteins.From.the pattern,it is possible to determ.ne the approxim.te orientation of the protein.Our experim.nt dem.nstrates the feasibility of ultrafast im.g.ng.of sing.e proteins,opening.the way to sing.e-m.lecule tim.-resolved studies on the fem.osecond tim.scale.

关键词： sm.llest intense ultrafast

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