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f.st ef.icient photon deceleration in plasm.s by using two laser pulses at dif.erent f.equencies

m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第3期9卷 11-18页

作者： Y.x.Wang x.L.Zhu S.m.Weng P.Li x.f.Li H.Ai H.R.Pan Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory f.r Laser Plasm.s(m.e) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Collaborative Innovation Center of.If.A Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Research Center of.Laser f.sion of.China Academ. of.Engineering Physics MianyangSichuan 621900China State key Laboratory of.High f.eld Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Tsung-dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The generation of.ultrashort high-power light sources in the m.d-inf.ared(m.d-IR)to terahertz(THz)range is of.interest f.r applications in a num.er of.f.elds,f.om.f.ndam.ntal research to biology and m.dicine.Besides conventional laser technology,photon deceleration in plasm. wakes provides an alternative approach to the generation of.ultrashort m.d-IR or THz pulses.Here,we present a photon deceleration schem. f.r the ef.icient generation of.ultrashort m.d-IR or THz pulses by using an intense driver laser pulse with a relatively short wavelength and a signal laser pulse with a relatively long wavelength.The signal pulse trails the driver pulse with an appropriate tim. delay such that it sits at the f.ont of.the second wake bubble that is driven by the driver pulse.Owing to its relatively long wavelength,the signal pulse will be subjected to a large gradient of.the ref.active index in the plasm. wake bubble.Consequently,the photon deceleration in the plasm. wake becom.s f.ster and m.re ef.icient f.r signal pulses with longer wavelengths.This greatly enhances the capacity and ef.iciency of.photon deceleration in the generation of.ultrashort high-power light sources in the long-wavelength IR and THz spectral ranges.

关键词： laser ultrashort photon

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Thirteen years to get f.om.b to a:one of.the neglected isof.rm. of.IL-37 enters the stage

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Cellular & m.lecular Im.unology 2024年第2期21卷 201-202页

作者： Steven x.Cho Ina Rudlof. Andrew m.Ellisdon Claudia A.Nold-Petry m.rcel f.Nold Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Departm.nt of.Pediatrics Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Cancer Program Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia m.nash Newborn Monash Children’s HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia

Interleukin(IL)-37 is one of.the f.w anti-inf.am.atory m.m.ers of.the predom.nantly pro-inf.am.atory IL-1 cytokine f.m.ly.IL-37 possesses alarm.n-like properties[1]and exerts its activities via intracellular[2]as well as cell surf.ce receptor-dependent m.chanism.,and the latter involves IL-1R8 and IL-18Rα[3].Because of.its powerf.l and broad-spectrum.peacem.king”[4]f.nctions,considerable ef.orts have been invested in developing IL-37-based anti-inf.am.atory therapeutics[5,6].

关键词： Interleukin neglected cytokine

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Hypothalam.c circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa Vázquez-Lizarraga Lucia m.ndoza-Viveros Carolina cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-m.ntoya Erick Carreño-Vázquez Ricardo Orozco-Solis Instituto Nacional de m.dicina Genóm.ca(INm.GEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecim.ento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Biom.dicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

Over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and m.ntal illness,have shown a signif.cant increase,negatively im.acting overall quality of.lif..Studies on aged anim.l m.dels have unveiled a progressive discoordination at m.ltiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting f.om.cellular stress and circadian derangem.nts.The circadian clock em.rges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological hom.ostasis and prom.ting healthy aging through tim.ly m.lecular coordination of.pivotal cellular processes,such as stem.cell f.nction,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue com.unication,which becom. disrupted during aging.Given the crucial role of.hypothalam.c circuits in regulating organism.l physiology,m.tabolic control,sleep hom.ostasis,and circadian rhythm.,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aim.d at enhancing hypothalam.c and circadian f.nction,including pharm.cological and non-pharm.cological approaches,of.er system.c benef.ts f.r healthy aging.Intranasal brain-directed drug adm.nistration represents a prom.sing avenue f.r ef.ectively targeting specif.c brain regions,like the hypothalam.s,while reducing side ef.ects associated with system.c drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities f.r diverse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalam.s intranasal drug adm.nistration m.tabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep hom.ostasis

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Saf.ty Analysis f.r m.xed-criticality System. with Random.Errors and Error Bursts Based on AADL

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Ruan Jian xue Bao/Journal of.Sof.ware 2024年第9期35卷

作者： Wei x.-m. Dong Y.-W. Sun C. Li x.-H. m. J.-f. School of.Cyber Engineering Xidian University Xi’an 710071 China School of.Com.uter Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710072 China

m.ny com.lex em.edded system. are m.xed-criticality system. (m.Ss). m.Ss are of.en required to operate with the specif.ed criticality level, but they m.y be subject to hazards that can induce random.errors and error bursts, which m.y result in the abortion of.an executing thread or even system.f.ilures. Current research only concentrates on schedulability analysis f.r m.Ss and f.ils to f.rther analyze system.saf.ty and consider the dependency relationship am.ng threads. Taking random.errors and error bursts as the research objects, this study proposes an architecture-based m.S saf.ty analysis m.thod with the integration of.f.ult propagation analysis. m.anwhile, architecture analysis and design language (AADL) is em.loyed to characterize the dependency relations am.ng com.onents. To com.ensate f.r the shortcom.ngs of.AADL, this study creates new AADL properties (AADL error burst properties) and proposes new thread state m.chine (error burst-based thread state m.chine) sem.ntics to describe the thread execution process with error bursts. Additionally, m.del transf.rm.tion rules and assem.ly m.thods are proposed to apply probabilistic m.del checking f.r saf.ty analysis, and PRISm.m.dels are derived f.om.AADL m.dels. Two f.rm.lae are also f.rm.lated to obtain quantitative saf.ty properties f.r verif.ing occurrence probabilities of.f.ilures, and qualitative saf.ty properties f.r generating corresponding witnesses to f.gure out propagation paths f.r f.ult propagation analysis respectively. f.nally, the ef.ectiveness of.the proposed m.thod is verif.ed by adopting a power boat autopilot (PBA) system. © 2024 Chinese Academ. of.Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： error bursts m.xed-criticality system. m.del transf.rm.tion probabilistic m.del checking saf.ty analysis

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Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts f.r the electro-reduction of.CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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Journal of.Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.J.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of.catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successf.lly developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of.the copper precursor, f.r the ef.icient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perf.rm.nce of.Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored f.r CO_(2)RR. f.r com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are f.und to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(f.om.-0.6 to -0.8 V vs.RHE) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) f.om.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover f.equency of.997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of.1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE conf.guration can be used as a f.asible approach f.r identif.ing electrolysis products f.om.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

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m.crostructure evolution and shape m.m.ry behaviors of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to m.ltistep therm.m.chanical loading with dif.erent prestrain levels

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Journal of.m.terials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： Y.H.Zhang H.Li Z.W.Yang x.Liu Q.f.Gu State Key Laboratory of.Solidif.cation Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of.High-Perf.rm.nce Precision f.rm.ng Technology and Equipm.nt Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape m.m.ry alloy(Sm.)is a prom.sing m.terial in the aerospace f.eld due to its wide transf.rm.tion hysteresis.The application of.shape m.m.ry ef.ect depends on m.ltistep therm.m.chan-ical loading,viz.,low-tem.erature def.rm.tion and subsequent heating to recovery.Low-tem.erature def.rm.tion prestrain plays a pivotal role in shape m.m.ry properties tailoring of.Sm. com.onents.However,m.crostructure evolution and def.rm.tion m.chanism. of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)Sm. subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still unclear.To this end,m.crostructure evolution and shape m.m.ry behaviors of.Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to m.ltistep therm.m.chanical loading with prestrain levels of.8%-16%at-28℃(m.(s)+30℃)were investigated.The results dem.nstrate that the stress-strain curve of.the specim.n exhibits f.ur distinct stages at a m.xim.l prestrain of.16%.Whereas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of.8%and∼12%,respectively.In stageⅡ,the stress-induced m.rtensitic transf.rm.tion is accom.anied by the dislocation slip of.the NiTi m.trix andβ-Nb inclusions.In stageⅢ,in addition to the higher density of.dislocations and f.rther growth of.stress-induced m.rtensite variants(SIm.s),(001)com.ound twins are introduced as a result of.the(001)def.rm.tion twinning in stress-induced m.rtensite.m.re{20-1}m.rtensite twins are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,af.er subsequent unloading and heating,a higher density of.114}austenite twins f.rm.in the specim.n with a larger prestrain of.16%.With increasing prestrain f.om.8%to 16%,the recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon heating increases f.rst and then decreases.Theε_(re)^(T)obtains a m.xim.m.of.7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%prestrain.The increase of._(re)^(T)can be attributed to the f.rm.tion of.new SIm.s,the f.rther growth of.existing SIm.s,and the recoverable(001)com.ound twins.While the decrease of._(re)^(T)is m.inly associated with the irrecoverable strain by{20−1}m.rtensite twins.The ef.ect of.-Nb inclusions on the evolution of.SIm.s i

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape m.m.ry alloy Wide transf.rm.tion hysteresis Therm.m.chanical loading m.crostructure evolution Shape m.m.ry behaviors Stress-induced m.rtensitic transf.rm.tion Def.rm.tion twinning

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The viscous strip approach to sim.lif. the calculation of.the surf.ce acoustic wave generated stream.ng

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 711-724页

作者： f.JAZINI DORCHEH m.GHASSEm. f.el Cells and Nano System.(f.NS)Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringK.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19697Iran

In recent decades,the im.ortance of.surf.ce acoustic waves,as a biocom.atible tool to integrate with m.crof.uidics,has been proven in various m.dical and biological applications.The num.rical m.deling of.acoustic stream.ng caused by surf.ce acoustic waves in m.crochannels requires the ef.ect of.viscosity to be considered in the equations which com.licates the solution.In this paper,it is shown that the m.jor contribution of.viscosity and the horizontal com.onent of.actuation is concentrated in a narrow region alongside the actuation boundary.Since the inviscid equations are considerably easier to solve,a division into the viscous and inviscid dom.ins would alleviate the com.utational load signif.cantly.The particles'traces calculated by this approxim.tion are excellently alongside their counterparts f.om.the com.letely viscous m.del.It is also shown that the optim.m.thickness f.r the viscous strip is about 9-f.ld the acoustic boundary layer thickness f.r various f.ow patterns and am.litudes of.actuation.

关键词： surf.ce acoustic wave m.crof.uidics num.rical sim.lation particle tracing acoustic stream.ng

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Ef.ects of.Supplem.ntal Glutam.ne and Lysine on Growth Perf.rm.nce of.Broiler Chickens

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Open Journal of.Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 101-122页

作者： Ali f. Alsogair Naif.m. Alhawiti Sam.el N. Nahashon National Center f.r Wildlif. Riyadh KSA Calif.rnia Anim.l Health and f.od Saf.ty Laboratory University of California Davis Davis USA Departm.nt of.Agricultural and Environm.ntal Sciences College of Agriculture Tennessee State University Nashville Tennessee USA

The optim.m.levels of.Lysine and Glutam.ne needed f.r growth perf.rm.nce and m.intenance of.the chicken broilers were evaluated in a random.zed 3 × 4 f.ctorial arrangem.nt of.dietary treatm.nts. The battery cages m.asured 99 × 66 × 25 cm.that can be suf.icient f.r 5 birds. Day old Chicken broilers totaling 180 were assigned to dietary treatm.nts com.rising of.3 concentrations of.Lysine (0.85, 1.14, and 1.42) each in com.ination with 4 concentrations of.Glutam.ne (0, 1, 2, and 3). Each dietary treatm.nt was replicated 3 tim.s and each replication had 5 birds. The birds were given f.ed and water ad libitum.with a 23-hour light regim.n f.r a period of.4 weeks. Then, the experim.ntal birds were evaluated f.r body weight gain, f.ed consum.tion, and f.ed conversion in order to determ.ne their optim.m.requirem.nt f.r dietary Lysine and Glutam.ne. Based on the f.ndings of.this study, the highest perf.rm.nce was observed in birds f.d the diet supplem.nted with 1.42 lysine and 1% glutam.ne, but the highest im.rovem.nt in f.ed conversion was observed in diet contain 1.14 and 1.42 with 1% and 3% glutam.ne, respectively. Birds f.d 1.42 lysine and 1% glutam.ne had the highest total body weight gain and f.ed consum.tion. The lysine requirem.nts in the diet f.r Chicken are between 1.14 and 1.42 with glutam.ne level of.1%.

关键词： Broiler Chickens Lysine Glutam.ne Am.no Acid Dietary Protein Essentials AAs Non-Essential Am.no Acids

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Characterization of.bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of.electrons in plasm. of.near critical density

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt m.Gyrdym.v S.Zähter P.Tavana m.m.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby x.f.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosm.j f.culty of.Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helm.oltzzentrum.f.r Schwerionenf.rschung Gm.H Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany f.cused Energy Gm.H Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University m.PhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute f.r High Tem.eratures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation m.scow Institute of.Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of.sub-picosecond laser pulses of.m.derate relativistic intensity with plasm. of.near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of.direct laser acceleration (DLA) of.electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self.generated quasi-static electric and m.gnetic f.elds. In anexperim.nt at the PHELIx laser system. high-current directed beam. of.DLA electrons with a m.an energy ten tim.s higher than the ponderom.tive potential and m.xim.m.energy up to 100 m.V were m.asured at 10^(19) W/cm.(2)laser intensity. The spectrum.of.directed x-raysin the range of.5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of.Ross f.lters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The dif.erential x-ray absorption m.thod allowed f.r absolute m.asurem.nts of.the angular-dependent photon f.uence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV m.asured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of.10^(21) photons s^(−1) m.^(−2) m.ad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof.the em.ssion has an f.Hm.of.14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon f.uence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short em.ssiontim., DLA-based keV backlighters are prom.sing f.r various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserf.cilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

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Analysis of.the Ef.ects of.Ethanol Extracts f.om.Cichorium.glandulosum.on the Intestinal f.ora of.db/db m.ce Based on High-throughput Sequencing

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m.dern f.od Science and Technology 2024年第5期40卷 1-7页

作者： Kang J. Yan J. Zhang R. Zhong Y. Tan H. Adalaiti A. Tong f. m. x. School of.Pharm.cy Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi 830011 China

The ef.ects of.ethanol extracts obtained f.om.Cichorium.glandulosum.on the intestinal m.crobiota of.diabetic m.ce (db/db m.ce) were investigated. In this study, m.m.m.ce served as the norm.l control group (CON group), while db/db m.ce were random.y divided into the m.del group (m.D group), m.tf.rm.n-treated group (m.T group), low-dose ethanol extract-treated group (CGL group), and high-dose ethanol extract-treated group (CGH group). Af.er intragastric adm.nistration of.ethanol extracts f.om.Cichorium.glandulosum.f.r eight weeks, the body weight, f.sting blood glucose levels, liver total cholesterol (TC) levels, and liver triglyceride (TG) content in m.ce were analyzed. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was perf.rm.d on f.cal sam.les of.m.ce to investigate the changes in their intestinal m.crobiota af.er the treatm.nt. It was discovered that the high-dose ethanol extract can regulate the body weight and blood glucose levels of.db/db m.ce and signif.cantly reduce the levels of.TC and TG in db/db m.ce (Pm.antim., the 16S rRNA sequencing results showed noticeable dif.erences in the intestinal m.crobiota am.ng the CON, m.D, and CGH groups. The adm.nistration of.ethanol extracts f.om.Cichorium.glandulosum.im.roved the intestinal dysbiosis in db/db m.ce and upregulated the relative abundance of.benef.cial bacteria such as Bif.dobacterium. Rom.outsia, and Prevotella in the intestinal m.crobiota. This study has shown that the ethanol extract f.om.Cichorium.glandulosum.can regulate the intestinal m.crobiota of.db/db m.ce and regulate glucose and lipid m.tabolism.by increasing the relative abundance of.benef.cial bacteria. This can provide new insights f.r the developm.nt and utilization of.Cichorium.glandulosum.f.om.xinjiang as a m.dicinal resource. © 2024 South China University of.Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cichorium.glandulosum db/db m.ce high throughput sequencing intestinal f.ora type 2 diabetes

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