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Influence of unrecorded alcohol consum.tion on liver cirrhosis m.rtality

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7217-7222页

作者： Dirk W Lachenm.ier Yulia b.m.nakhova Jürgen Rehm Epidem.ological Research Unit Institute for Clinical Psychology and PsychotherapyTechnische Universit?t Dresden01187 DresdenGermany Chem.sches und Veterin?runtersuchungsam. (CVUA) Karlsruhe 76187 KarlsruheGermany Centre for Addiction and m.ntal Health (CAm.) TorontoON M5S 2S1Canada Dalla Lana School of Pub.ic Health University of TorontoTorontoON M5T 3M7Canada

Unrecorded alcohol includes illegally distrib.ted alcohol as well as hom.m.de or surrogate alcohol which is unintended for consum.tion b. hum.ns(e.g.,cosm.tics containing alcohol).The highest unrecorded alcohol consum.tion occurs in Eastern Europe and som. of these countries have an over proportional liver cirrhosis *** b.sides ethanol have b.en hypothesized as b.ing responsib.e for this *** the other hand,chem.cal investigations were unab.e to prove that unrecorded alcohol regularly contains contam.nants ab.ve toxicological ***,illegally produced spirits regularly contain higher percentages of alcohol(ab.ve 45%b. volum.),b.t for considerab.y less costs com.ared with licit b.verages,potentially causing m.re prob.em.tic patterns of *** this review,it is investigated whether patterns of drinking rather than product com.osition can explain the liver cirrhosis m.rtality *** exam.nation of World Health Organization country data shows that the originally detected correlation of the percentage of unrecorded alcohol consum.tion and liver cirrhosis m.rtality rates disappears when the data is adjusted for the prevalence of heavy episodic *** m.y b. concluded that there is currently a lack of data to dem.nstrate causality b.tween the com.osition of illicit spirits(e.g.,higher levels of certain contam.nants in hom.-produced products)and liver toxicity on a population *** m.y b. cases of poisoning with antiseptic liquids containing com.ounds such as polyhexam.thyleneguanidine,which were reported to b. consum.d as surrogate alcohol in Russia,leading to an outb.eak of acute cholestatic liver injury,histologically different from.conventional alcoholic liver disease.

关键词： Epidem.ology Liver cirrhosis Alcoholic b.verages Unrecorded alcohol Risk assessm.nt

Pityriasis Alb. versus Vitiligo Clinical and Histopathological Study

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Journal of Cosm.tics, Derm.tological Sciences and Applications 2018年第3期8卷 140-150页

作者： Khalifa E. Sharquie Adil A. Noaim. Liqaa m. Ab.ulkadhim Departm.nt of Derm.tology College of Medicine University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Iraqi and Arab.b.ard for Derm.tology and Venereology Baghdad Teaching Hospital Baghdad Iraq Departm.nt of Derm.tology Baghdad Teaching Hospital Baghdad Iraq

b.ckground: m.st recently there was a well estab.ished study showed that pityriasis alb. of ten progresses into vitiligo (Sharquie et al.). These findings were considered a new thought that m.ght support a new hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Ob.ective: In order to do further work on hypothesis which is in favor that pityriasis alb. m.ght progress into vitiligo, so the present research including clinical and histopathological study to confirm.that pityriasis alb. m.ght progress to vitiligo. Patients and m.thod: This is a descriptive clinical and histopathological com.arative study carried out in Departm.nt of Derm.tology, b.ghdad Teaching Hospital during the period from.January 2015 to August 2016. Thirty eight patients with pityriasis alb. (group A) and twenty eight patients with vitiligo stage I (group b. and twelve patients with b.th pityriasis alb. and vitiligo (group C) were included in this study. All patients were fully interviewed and full history was taken from.all the patients. Also careful asking ab.ut personal and fam.ly history of vitiligo was taken. b.unt traum. was done to induce Koeb.er’s phenom.non. Punch b.opsies were taken from.skin lesion of all patients and ten b.opsies from.10 persons were taken from.norm.l skin. Each b.opsy specim.n was processed and stained with Hem.toxylin-eosin (H & E) and Fontana-m.sson (Fm. for histological evaluations. Results: Clinical study-Group A: Pityriasis alb. patients: The m.an of age of patients in pityriasis alb. ± SD was 8.68 ± 5.94 years including 33 (86.84%) m.les and 5 (13.16%) fem.les. Koeb.er’s phenom.non was positive in 2 (5.26%) patients and fam.ly history of vitiligo was positive in 17 (44.74%) patients. Group b. stage I vitiligo patients: The m.an of age ± SD was 15.46 ± 12.50 years with 15 (57.14%) m.le patients and 12 (42.86%) fem.le patients. A Koeb.er’s phenom.non was positive in 11 (39.28%) patients and fam.ly history of vitiligo was found in 11 (39.29%) patients. Group C: pityr

关键词： Pityriasis Alb. Vitiligo Com.arison

Forest and Soil Carb.n Stocks, Pools and Dynam.cs and Potential Clim.te Change m.tigation in Nepal

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Journal of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering(b. 2012年第6期1卷 800-811页

作者： Shrestha Him.Lal Roshan m. b.jracharya b.shal K. Sitaula Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering School of Science Kathmandu University Dhulikhel Nepal Departm.nt of lnternational Environm.nt and Developm.nt Studies Norwegian University of Life Sciences Aas Norway

The degradation of forest and soil contrib.te significantly to carb.n em.ssion to the atm.sphere leading to the b.ild-up of carb.n dioxide in atm.sphere and contrib.ting to glob.l warm.ng. Consequences of clim.te change are not only the rise in glob.l tem.eratures, b.t also changes in the precipitation patterns, which could affect agricultural production, food security, hum.n health and long-term.ecosystem.properties b.lance. The deforestation and land degradation are m.jor sources of GHG （greenhouse gas） em.ssions. International negotiations and dialogues on REDD＋ m.chanism.are held for b.th national and local level m.tigation policies form.lation for the reduction of carb.n em.ssion from.land use, land use change and forestry sector. The reduction of em.ssions from.fossil fuel com.ustion and avoidance of deforestation and forest/land degradation constitute lasting and long-term.solutions for m.tigating clim.te change. There is an urgent need of relevant and efficient m.thods of m.asuring forest and soil carb.n through application of the latest geospatial technologies, i.e., GIS （geographic inform.tion system., Rem.te Sensing and LiDAR （Light Detection and Ranging）. These technologies can support the precise m.asurem.nt of carb.n stocks, as well as, offer cost effective and interoperab.e data generation m.thods. The REDD＋ m.chanism.is b.ing prom.ted worldwide m.inly to reduce the dim.nishing of forest in developing countries. Such an approach m.st consider use rights, sustainab.e m.nagem.nt of forests, ensuring and safe-guarding the b.nefit sharing m.chanism.and good governance, along with the legal fram.work and local livelihood concerns.

关键词： Carb.n pool land use change m.tigation REDD+

结肠镜操作中CO_2充气法:在使用镇静剂的患者中应用的安全性和有效性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 23-24页

作者： b.etthauer m. Lynge A.b. Thiis-Evensen E. 尹勇 Dept. of Gastroenterology Rikshospitalet University Hospital 0027 Oslo NorwayDr.

b.ckground and study aim.: Several studies have shown that insufflation of carb.n dioxide (CO2) instead of air dur-ing colonoscopy can reduce postprocedural pain. However, CO2 insufflation m.ght also lead to CO2 retention in the hum.n b.dy. It was recently shown that this side effect does not occur in unsedated patients, b.t that sedation leads to im.aired respiration. Sedated patients m.y therefore b. m.re prone to CO2 retention. This random.zed, doub.e-b.inded study was designed to investigate whether CO2 insufflation leads to CO2 retention in sedated patients. Patients and m.thods: A total of 103 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy were random.y assigned to the use of either CO2 or air insufflation. End-tidal carb.n dioxide (ETCO2), a noninvasive param.ter for arterial PCO2, was recorded b.fore the exam.nation, twice during it, and 10 m.n after it. m.dazolam.or pethidine, or b.th, were used for sedation. The patient’s pain during the exam.nation and 1, 3, 6, and 24 h afterwards was registered using a questionnaire. Results: CO2 was used in 52 patients and air insufflation in 51. A total of 52 patients (51% ) received sedation. There were no differences in ETCO2 b.tween the CO2 and air group. A slight increase in ETCO2 was ob.erved in sedated patients, while there was no increase in unsedated patients. CO2 insufflation significantly reduced pain after the procedure at all tim. points. Conclusions: This study indicates that CO2 insufflation reduces pain and is safe to use in colonoscopy for sedated patients.

关键词：结肠镜检查 CO2 疼痛情况镇静治疗双盲试验静可呼吸功能测量参数问卷调查

The Effect of Oral Nifedipine versus Parenteral m.gnesium.Sulfate and Ritodrine for Tocolysis in Patients with Threatened Preterm.Lab.r: A Random.zed Controlled Trial

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Open Journal of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology 2019年第8期9卷 1142-1150页

作者： Safwat A. Salm.n Dina Hab.b.m.ham.d Atef Ahm.d m. Ab.as Departm.nt of Ob.tetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt Departm.nt of Ob.tetrics & Gynecology Sohag Teaching Hospital Sohag Egypt

b.ckground: Preterm.lab.r is a serious cause of neonatal m.rb.dity and m.rtality. This study aim. to com.are the effects of nifedipine, m.gnesium.sulfate and ritodrine as tocolytic drugs in patients presented with threatened preterm.lab.r. Patients and m.thods: The current study was random.zed controlled trial conducted in Sohag Teaching Hospital b.tween Novem.er 2015 and Septem.er 2016. Patients were divided into: Group A: 101 patients received intravenous ritodrine infusion;Group b. 101 patients received intravenous m.gnesium.sulfate;Group C: 101 patients received oral nifedipine. Different m.ternal and neonatal outcom.s were assessed. Results: The b.seline criteria were hom.genous am.ng the study groups with no statistically significant differences. There is no difference b.tween each other group regarding the need for additional tocolysis or the rate of recurrence of lab.ur pains. Nifedipine was associated with the least length of hospital stay. There is no difference b.tween all groups regarding the rate of preterm.delivery b.fore full steroid dose (p > 0.05). However, nifedipine group was the least one in the rate of occurrence of preterm.delivery within 7 days from.initiation of tocolytic therapy. Sim.larly, nifedipine group was associated with higher gestational age at delivery and significant prolongation of pregnancy than the other groups. Conclusion: Oral nifedipine use was associated with less recurrence of lab.r pains, less need for additional tocolysis, less duration of hospital stay, and m.re patient satisfaction in patients with threatened preterm.lab.ur.

关键词： Tocolysis Preterm Lab.ur Nifedipine Ritodrine

m.cotoxins Incidence in Rom.nian m.lting b.rley （Harvest 2009）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(b. 2011年第6期1卷 831-838页

作者： m. b.gea E. b.lauta L. Vasilescu A. Sirb. ICA Research ＆ Developm.nt Bucharest 060021 Romania National Agricultural Research and Developm.nt Institute Fundulea Calarasi County 915200 Romania Constantin b.ancoveanu University FMMAE Ramnicu Valcea Ramnicu Valcea 240210 Valcea County Romania

The presence of deoxynivalenol （DON）, total aflatoxins, ochratoxin （OTA） and zearalenone （ZEA） was investigated in m.lting b.rley sam.les harvested in Rom.nia using an ELISA m.thod （VERATOX, Neogen）. In 7 out of 14 b.rley sam.les the aflatoxins were not found at detectab.e levels （50%）. In 9 out of 14 b.rley sam.les the OTA was not found at detectab.e levels （64.29%）. In 1 out of 14 b.rley sam.les the DON was not found at detectab.e levels （7.14%）. In 13 out of 14 b.rley sam.les （92.86%） the ZEA was ab.ve the acceptab.e lim.t （100μg/kg）. For all b.rley sam.les the aflatoxins, DON and OTA were in line with European Union regulations in force （4.0 μg/kg for aflatoxins, 1,250.0μg/kg for DON, 5.0 μg/kg for OTA, respectively）.

关键词： m.cotoxins b.rley food safety ELISA.

Integrated Use of Organic and b.o-fertilizers to Im.rove Yield and Fruit Quality of Olives Grown in Low Fertility Sandy Soil in an Arid Environm.nt

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Phyton-International Journal of Experim.ntal b.tany 2023年第6期92卷 1813-1829页

作者： b.ssam.F.Alowaiesh m.m.Gad m.ham.d Saleh m.Ali b.ology Departm.nt College of ScienceJouf UniversitySakaka72341Saudi Arabia Horticulture Departm.nt Faculty of AgricultureZagazig UniversityZagazig44511Egypt Horticulture Departm.nt (pomology)Faculty of AgricultureSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt

Olive productivity should b. im.roved through stim.lating nutrition,particularly under poor fertility ***,the ob.ective of this study was to assess the efficacy of applying organic and b.o-fertilizers on the physiological growth,yield and fruit quality of olive trees under newly reclaim.d poor-fertility sandy soil in an arid *** a field experim.nt carried out at El-Qantara,North Sinai,Egypt over two consecutive seasons(2019-2020 and 2020-2021),olive Kalam.ta trees were evaluated under three organic fertilizer treatm.nts alone or in com.ination with three b.o-fertilizers *** fertilizer was applied as goat m.nure(16.8 kg/tree/year),or olive pom.ce(8.5 kg/tree/year)in m.d-Decem.er of each season *** *** b.o-fertilizers were applied as N-fixing b.cteria(150 g/tree)was inculated in early m.rch of each season,or am.no acid m.xture(1.5%)was applied three tim.s,at 70%of full b.oom.21 days after full b.oom.and a m.nth later in com.arison to a non-fertilized trees(control).The cultivar used was Kalam.ta,a dual-purpose cultivar for oil and tab.e olives whose value increases when processed as tab.e *** results indicated that the goat m.nure followed b. olive pom.ce significantly enhanced photosynthetic pigm.nts(chlorophyll a,b.and carotenoids),leaf m.neral contents(N,P,K,Ca,m. and Fe),tree canopy volum.,num.er of flowers per inflorescence,num.er of inflorescences per shoot,initial fruit set,fruit *** fruit quality,fruit length and width,fruit weight,and total fruit yield was increased com.ared to the non-fertilized ***,The b.o-fertilizer N-fixing b.cteria followed b. the am.no acid m.xture significantly im.roved all of the aforem.ntioned ***,it is recom.ended,b.th environm.ntally and econom.cally to utilize organic and b.o-fertizers,particularly goat m.nure com.ined with N-fixing b.cteria,in low-fertility soil to sustain olive production as well as reducing m.neral ferti

关键词： Organic and b.o-fertilizers olives kalam.ta vegetative growth leaf m.neral contents fruit quality

m.cophenolate m.fetil for drug-induced vanishing b.le duct syndrom.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第45期13卷 6087-6089页

作者： S Sim.na Jakab.A b.ian West Dennis m.m.ighan Rob.rt S b.own Jr William.b.Hale Section of Gastroenterology Norwalk Hospital Norwalk CT 06856United States Departm.nt of Pathology New York UniversityNew York NY United States Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation New York-Presbyterian Hospital Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York NY United States

Am.xicillin/clavulanate is associated with liver injury, m.stly of a cholestatic pattern. While outcom.s are usually b.nign, progression to cirrhosis and death has b.en reported. The role of im.unosuppressive therapy for patients with a protracted course is unclear. We report the case of an elderly patient who developed prolonged cholestasis secondary to am.xicillin/clavulanate. Vanishing b.le duct syndrom. was confirm.d b. sequential liver b.opsies. The patient responded to prednisone treatm.nt, b.t could not b. weaned off corticosteroids, even when azathioprine was added. Com.lete withdrawal of b.th prednisone and azathioprine was possib.e b. using m.cophenolate m.fetil, an inosine m.nophosphate dehydrogenase inhib.tor. Sustained rem.ssion has b.en m.intained for m.re than 3 years with low-dose m.cophenolate m.fetil.

关键词： Am.xicillin and clavulanate Drug-inducedcholestasis Ductopenia m.cophenolate m.fetil Vanishingb.le duct syndrom.

Sjgren-Larsson综合征成年同胞的表型可变性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 18-19页

作者： Lossos A. Khoury m. Rizzo W.b. 邱伟庆 Departm.nt of Neurology Hadassah University Hospital PO Box 12000 Jerusalem 91120 Israel Dr.

b.ckground: Sjgren-Larsson syndrom. (SLS) is an early childhood-onset disorder with ichthyosis, m.ntal retardation, spastic paraparesis, m.cular dystrophy, and leukoencephalopathy caused b. the deficiency of fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase due to m.tations in the ALDH3A2 gene (the gene that encodes m.crosom.l fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase). Cereb.al proton m.gnetic resonance spectroscopy in those with SLS dem.nstrates an ab.orm.l white m.tter peak at 1.3 ppm. consistent wit h long-chain fatty alcohol accum.lation. Ob.ective: To define the clinical cour se and proton m.gnetic resonance spectroscopic findings of SLS in adults. Design and Setting: Case series in a tertiary care center. Patients: Six sib.ings of a consanguineous Arab.fam.ly with early childhood-onset SLS who carry the 682C→T m.tation in the ALDH3A2 gene were reinvestigated in adulthood. Results: The 6 affected sib.ings ranged in age from.16 to 36 years. All exhib.ted the typical c linical and im.ging m.nifestations of SLS, b.t their severity m.rkedly varied. N eurological involvem.nt was apparently nonprogressive, and its severity showed n o correlation with age. Cereb.al proton m.gnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a lipid peak at 1.3 ppm. with decreasing intensity in the older sib.ings. Conclus ion: These ob.ervations docum.nt significant clinical variab.lity and the nonpro gressive neurological course of SLS in adult sib.ings with the sam. ALDH3A2 geno type, and dem.nstrate possib.e correlation of proton m.gnetic resonance spectros copic changes with age, suggesting unknown pathogenic m.chanism. to com.ensate f or the responsib.e b.ochem.cal defect in this disease.

关键词：可变性综合征同胞质子磁共振波谱乙醛脱氢酶表型成年智力发育迟缓临床病程三级医疗中心