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Volcanic emissions and atmospheric pollution:A study of nanoparticles

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 746-755页

作者： Erika m.Trejos Luis F.O.Silva James C.Hower Eriko m.m.Flores Carlos mario González Jorge E.Pachón Beatriz H.Aristizábal Hydraulic Engineering and Environmental Research Group Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede ManizalesManizalesColombia Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCalle 58#55-66Barranquilla 080002Colombia University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA Department of Earth&Environmental Sciences University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Universidade Federal de Santa maria Santa MariaBrazil Centro Lasallista de Investigación y modelación Ambiental–CLImA Universidad de La SalleBogotáColombia

The influence of emissions of an active volcano on the composition of nanoparticles and ultrafine road dust was identified in an urban area of the *** many cities are close to active volcanoes,few studies have evaluated their influence in road dust *** quality in urban areas is significantly affected by nonexhaust emissions(*** dust,brake wear,tire wear),however,natural sources such as volcanoes also impact the chemical composition of the *** this study,elements from volcanic emissions such as Si>Al>Fe>Ca>K>mg,and Si-Al with K were identified as complex ***,As,Hg,Cd,Pb,As,H,Cd,Pb,V,and salammoniac were observed in nanoparticles and ultrafine *** composition was detected in the order of quartz>mullite>calcite>kaolinite>illite>goethite>magnetite>zircon>monazite,in addition to salammoniac,a tracer of volcanic *** foregoing analysis reflects the importance of carrying out more studies relating the influence of volcanic emissions in road dust in order to protect human *** road dust load(RD_(10))ranged between 0.8 and 26.8 mg m^(−2)in the city.

关键词： Nanoparticles Amorphous phases Potential hazardous elements Road dust Volcano zone

Limited genetic diversity among Plasmodium falciparium isolates using nested PCR in Jazan Area, Saudi Arabia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 407-411页

作者： Omima m.Eida Amany m.Eida Department of Parasitology Faculties of Medicine Suez Canal University Faculties of Pharmacy Jazan University Faculties of medicine Jazan University

Objective: To establish molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates in Jazan Area of Saudi Arabia measured with highly polymorphic genetic marker, i.e. the merozoite surface protein 2(mSP 2).methods: Blood samples were collected from 128 clinically suspected patients attending both Jazan and Sabia hospitals, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Both hospitals reflected urban and rural settings respectively. Analysis of central polymorphic region of mSP 2(3D7 and FC27 allelic families) was performed using nested PCR for malaria ***: For mSP 2 allelic families of Plasmodium falciparum, 16 cases(53.3%) carried FC27 type and 14 cases(46.7%) carried 3D7 type, whereas no malaria cases harbored both allelic types. The present study showed that in urban area, 80% of FC27 fragments were 500 bp while in rural area it was 45.5%(P = 0.08). The FC27 400 bp allele was more prevalent in patients from rural than those from the urban area(P = 0.08). The most prevalent infecting 3D7 allele was the 3D7 300 bp in both areas. In the present study, there were no multiple ***: The limited genetic diversity which was observed in Jazan(considered as an endemic area) may be attributed to the small sample size or sustained malaria control program.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum PCR merozoite surface protein 2

Androgen deprivation therapy-associated vasomotor symptoms

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 193-197页

作者： Jason m Jones manish Kohli Charles L Loprinzi Department of medical Oncology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 USA

Androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） is widely used as standard therapy in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. While efficacious, ADT is associated with multiple side effects, including decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, diabetes, loss of muscle tone and altered body composition, osteoporosis, lipid changes, memory loss, gynecomastia and hot flashes. The breadth of literature for the treatment of hot flashes is much smaller in men than that in women. While hormonal therapy of hot flashes has been shown to be effective, multiple non-hormonal medications and treatment methods have also been developed. This article reviews current options for the treatment of hot flashes in patients taking ADT.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy hot flashes vasomotor symptoms

Clear felling and burning effects on soil nitrogen transforming bacteria and actinomycetes population in Chittagong University campus, Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 123-130页

作者： S.m. Sirajul Haque Rahima Ferdoshi Sohag miah m. Nural Anwar Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences University of Chittagong Chittagong-4331 Bangladesh Department of microbiology University of Chittagong Chittagong-4331 Bangladesh

The effect of forests clear felling and associated burning on the population of soil nitrogen transforming bacteria and actinomycetes are reported at three pair sites of Chittagong University campus, Bangla- desh in monsoon tropical climate. Clear felled area or burnt site and 15-21 year mixed plantation of native and exotic species, situated side by side on low hill having Typic Dystrochrepts soil was represented at each pair site. At all the three pair sites, clear felled area or burnt site showed very significantly （p~_0.001） lower population of actinomycetes, Rhizobium, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter and ammonifying as well as deni- trifying bacteria compared to their adjacent mixed plantation. From en- vironmental consideration, this finding has implication in managing natural ecosystem.

关键词： Nitrogen transforming bacteria actinomycetes forest clearfelling effects burning effects soil microorganisms Chittagong HillTracts

SYNTHESIS OF NANO-ZnO PARTICLES FOR ALUmINUm mETALLURGY AS INERT ANODE mATERIAL

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第1期17卷 97-106页

作者： A.A.A.Saleh Y.Fu X.J.Zhai Y.C.Zhai m.m.Elomella A.L.Zhang School of materials and metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110006 China

Nano-ZnO particle was produced by evaporating zinc powders in air at air flow-rate from 0.2 to 0.6m3/h. Nano-ZnO particles was formed by the oxidation of the evaporated zinc vapor. X-ray diffraction shows the powders to be ZnO with lattice parameters of a=0.3249nm and c=0.5205nm. The particle size is dependent upon the transit time from the source to the collection area. The size of particles was ranged between 81 to 103nm. The average density resulted was 4.865g/cm3. Normal ZnO and nano-ZnO were investigated to use them in aluminum metallurgy as an inert anode material. A certain amount of both oxides were molded subsequently inserted to the molten cryolite-aluminum oxide to investigate the corrosive behavior of both oxides. When the sintering temperature increased up to 1300℃, the weight loss ratio rose to 5.01%-7.33% and up to 7.67%-10.18% for nano-ZnO and normal ZnO, respectively. However, when the samples in the molten cryolite aluminum oxide were put for long time, the corrosive rate was found to be higher. It was found that the corrosive loss weight ratio of nano-ZnO anode was much lower than the normal one made from ordinary-ZnO providing that the nano-ZnO is more possible to be use inert anode material.

关键词： reactive evaporation method nano-ZnO normal ZnO XRD SEm molten electrolysis inert anode

COVID-19 disease in children: not as mild as we have been led to believe

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期16卷 426-427页

作者： Laura moreno-Galarraga Elsie m.Taveras Department of Pediatrics CHNComplejo Hospitalario de NavarraServicio Navarro de SaludC/Irunlarrea 331080PamplonaSpain IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain Department of Preventive medicine and Public Health School of MedicineUniversity of NavarraPamplonaSpain Division of General Academic Pediatrics Massachusetts General Hospital for ChildrenBostonMAUSA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA

Since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)emerged,we have followed this pandemic with great interest and concern from Europe(Navarra-Spain)and the United States(Boston-massachusetts).We were expecting children to present to emergency departments with the“classical COVID-19 symptoms-triad”such as fever,cough,and a range of respiratory distress[1]and we had learned from countries affected earlier by the virus,that it appeared to be less common and relatively mild in children[2,3].

关键词： respiratory distress acute

Cilostazol and isosorbide mononitrate for the prevention of progression of cerebral small vessel disease:baseline data and statistical analysis plan for the Lacunar Intervention Trial-2(LACI-2)(ISRCTN14911850)

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第2期8卷 134-143页

作者： Philip m Bath Iris mhlanga Lisa J Woodhouse Fergus Doubal Katherine Oatey Alan A montgomery Joanna m Wardlaw LACI-Trial Investigators Stroke Trials Unit University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences UK Dementia Research Institute CentreUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit University of EdinburghEdinburghUK Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit University of NottinghamNottinghamUK

Background Cerebral small vessel disease(SVD)causes lacunar strokes(25%of all ischaemic strokes),physical frailty and cognitive impairment and vascular and mixed *** is no specific treatment to prevent progression of *** The LACunar Intervention Trial-2 is an investigator-initiated prospective randomised open-label blinded-endpoint phase II feasibility study assessing cilostazol and isosorbide mononitrate for preventing SVD *** aimed to recruit 400 patients with clinically evident lacunar ischaemic stroke and randomised to cilostazol,isosorbide mononitrate,both or neither,in addition to guideline secondary ischaemic stroke prevention,in a partial factorial *** primary outcome is feasibility of recruitment and adherence to medication;key secondary outcomes include:drug tolerability;recurrent vascular events,cognition and function at 1 year after randomisation;and safety(bleeding,falls,death).Data are number(%)and median(IQR).Results The trial commenced on 5 February 2018 and ceased recruitment on 31 may 2021 with 363 patients randomised,with the following baseline characteristics:average age 64(56.0,72.0)years,female 112(30.9%),stroke onset to randomisation 79.0(27.0,244.0)days,hypertension 267(73.6%),median blood pressures 143.0(130.0,157.0)/83.0(75.0,90.0)mm Hg,current smokers 67(18.5%),educationally achieved end of school examinations(A-level)or higher 118(32.5%),modified Rankin scale 1.0(0.0,1.0),National Institutes Health stroke scale 1.0(1.4),montreal Cognitive Assessment 26.0(23.0,28.0)and total SVD score on brain imaging 1.0(0.0,2.0).This publication summarises the baseline data and presents the statistical analysis *** The trial is currently in follow-up which will complete on 31 may 2022 with results expected in October *** registration number ISRCTN14911850.

关键词： nitrate initiated prevention

Complex system and intelligent control: theories and applications

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第1期20卷 1-3页

作者： Jie CHEN Ben m.CHEN Jian SUN School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Tongji University Department of mechanical and Automation Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

Complex systems are the systems that consist of a great many diverse and autonomous but interacting and interdependent components whose aggregate behaviors are nonlinear. As phased by Aristotle,'the whole is more than the sum of its parts;' properties of complex systems are not a simple summation of their individual *** systems are widespread. Typical examplesofcomplexsystemscanbefoundinthehuman brain,flocking formation of migrating birds,power grid,transportation systems,autonomous vehicles,social networks, and communication networks.

关键词： Complex system and intelligent control theories and applications UAV

Kaoline-based catalyst for a high stability desulfurization of sour heavy naphtha in a three-phase oscillatory baffled reactor

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 249-260页

作者： Hassan m.Hmood Saba A.Gheni Safaa m.R.Ahmed mudheher m.Ali Hamid Yonis Saleh mohammed H.mohammed Awad E.mohammed marwan A.mahomood Hiba R.mohammed Ahmed A.Hassan Adam Harvey North Refineries Company Ministry of OilIraq Chemical Engineering Department Tikrit UniversityIraq ministry of Oil Iraq AL-Hawija Technical Institute Northern Technical UniversityMoselIraq School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityUK

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy and the dramatic depletion of conventional crude oil,it is imperative to utilize sour *** no coke being produced,oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of naphtha lowers its sulfur content and average molecular *** this article,we outline a method for heavy naphtha non-extractive ODS using a very stable *** technique involves the use of a solid catalyst with oxygen gas as the *** necessitated relatively high mixing intensities;hence a three-phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor(OBR)was *** catalyst was based on the zeolite ZSm-5,prepared from natural kaolin by a series of delamination and activation steps and impregnated with Fe.A TiO2 nanolayer was applied,using the sol-gel method,to prevent rapid *** reactor performance was evaluated to minimize the sulfur content in the naphtha *** to the protective coating,the sulfur conversion stabilized at 90%.The results of this work establish the use of natural clay-based catalysts in a continuous,three-phase ODS,particularly with regard to proving long-term *** also showed that modest ODS can be achieved using an environmentally friendly oxidant,at mild operating conditions,whilst maintaining stability.

关键词： Natural kaoline Desulfurization Three-phase Oscillatory baffled reactor