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hydromechanical characterization of gas transport amidst uncertainty for underground nuclear explosion detection

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2019-2032页

作者： Wenfeng Li Chelsea W.Neil J William Carey Meng Meng luke p.frash.ph.lip h.stauffer Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87544USA Department of Mineral Engineering New Mexico TechSocorroNM87801USA

Given the challenge of definitively discriminating between chemical and nuclear explosions using seismic methods alone,surface detection of signature noble gas radioisotopes is considered a positive identification of underground nuclear explosions(UNEs).however,the migration of signature radionuclide gases between the nuclear cavity and surface is not well understood because complex processes are involved,including the generation of complex fracture networks,reactivation of natural fractures and faults,and thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical(ThMC)coupling of radionuclide gas transport in the *** this study,we provide an experimental investigation of hydro-mechanical(hM)coupling among gas flow,stress states,rock deformation,and rock damage using a unique multi-physics triaxial direct shear rock testing *** testing system also features redundant gas pressure and flow rate measurements,well suited for parameter uncertainty *** porous tuff and tight granite samples that are relevant to historic UNE tests,we measured the Biot effective stress coefficient,rock matrix gas permeability,and fracture gas permeability at a range of pore pressure and stress *** Biot effective stress coefficient varies from 0.69 to 1 for the tuff,whose porosity averages 35.3%±0.7%,while this coefficient varies from 0.51 to 0.78 for the tight granite(porosityperhaps an underestimate).Matrix gas permeability is strongly correlated to effective stress for the granite,but not for the porous *** experiments reveal the following key engineering implications on transport of radionuclide gases post a UNE event:(1)The porous tuff shows apparent fracture dilation or compression upon stress changes,which does not necessarily change the gas permeability;(2)The granite fracture permeability shows strong stress sensitivity and is positively related to shear displacement;and(3)hydromechanical coupling among stress states,rock damage,and gas flow appears to be

关键词： Underground nuclear explosion uncertainty quantification Radionuclide transport Biot effective stress coefficient Fracture permeability Matrix permeability

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Seasonal changes in hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： Sean p.Roach luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod Leslie S.phillmore psychology Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird species,birdsong features phonological syntax,meaning that the units within their vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way that adheres to a *** such syntactical patterns have been richly described in many species,comparatively little is known about how those patterns contribute to song achieving its important *** each of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for which syntax has been thoroughly described is the hermit Thrush(Catharus guttatus),which presents song types from their repertoires in a semi-predictable order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down the frequency *** objective of the present study was to explore the importance of song syntax in the hermit Thrush through a within-subject examination of how measures of syntax,such as the predictability of song type order within song sequences,shift over the breeding *** hypothesized that,if such syntactical characteristics are important to breeding behaviour,they would be most prominent at the start of the breeding season when activity associated with territory establishment and mate attraction is most *** revealed that,as predicted,the rigidness of song type ordering within se-quences was highest at the start of the season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictable at the vitally important early part of the breeding season fit our hypothesis that this aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory establishment and/or mate *** work will clarify whether that role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong hermit Thrush Seasonal change Stereotypy Syntax

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An advanced 2D/3D g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) multifunctional membrane for sunlight-driven sustainable water purification

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2368-2380页

作者： Fan Yu Chunjia Luo Xiaohan Niu Min Chao pengfei Zhang luke Yan polymer Materials&Engineering Department School of Materials Science&EngineeringChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment MOEChang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Textile Science and Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic UniversityXi’an 710064China

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))nanosheets have attracted widespread interest in the construction of advanced separation ***,dense stacking and a single functionality have limited the membrane ***,an advanced two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)g-C_(3)N_(4)/TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) membrane is constructed by intercalating 3D TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) nanostructures into g-C_(3)N_(4) *** 3D flower-like nanostructures broaden the transport channels of the composite *** membrane can effectively separate five oil-in-water(O/W)emulsions,with a maximum flux of 3265.67±15.01 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·bar^(-1) and a maximum efficiency of 99.69%±0.45%for toluene-in-water emulsion(T/W).Meanwhile,the TiO_(2)@MnO_(2) acts as an excellent electron acceptor and provides positive spatial separation of electrons–holes(e^(-)–h^(+)).The formation of 2D/3D heterojunctions allows the material with wider light absorption and smaller bandgap(2.10 eV).These photoelectric properties give the membrane good degradation of three different pollutants,with about 100%degradation for methylene blue(MB)and malachite green(MG).The photocatalytic antibacterial efficiency of the membrane is also about 100%.After cyclic experiment,the membrane maintains its original separation and photocatalytic *** remarkable multifunctional and self-cleaning properties of the g-C_(3)N_(4) based membrane represent its potential value for complex wastewater treatment.

关键词： graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))based membrane three-dimensional(3D)nanostructures self-cleaning multifunction

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A Vertex Network Model of Arabidopsis Leaf Growth

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 454-488页

作者： luke Andrejek Janet Best Ching-Shan Chou Aman husbands Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology The University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Biology provides many examples of complex systems whose properties allow organisms to develop in a highly reproducible,or robust,*** such system is the growth and development of flat leaves in Arabidopsis *** mechanistically challenging process results from multiple inputs including gene interactions,cellular geometry,growth rates,and coordinated cell *** better understand how this complex genetic and cellular information controls leaf growth,we developed a mathematical model of flat leaf *** two-dimensional model describes the gene interactions in a vertex network of cells which grow and divide according to physical forces and genetic ***,the model predicts the presence of an unknown additional factor required for the formation of biologically realistic gene expression domains and iterative cell *** two-dimensional model will form the basis for future studies into robustness of adaxial-abaxial patterning.

关键词： Robustness Adaxial-abaxial patterning Mathematical modeling Gene regulatory networks(GRNs) Transcription factors Small RNAs

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Iron-Catalysed C(sp^(2))-h Borylation with Expanded Functional Group Tolerance

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第24期40卷 2875-2881页

作者： luke Britton Jamie h.Docherty Gary S.Nichol Andrew p.Dominey Stephen p.Thomas EaStChEM School of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FJ United Kingdom GSK Medicines Research Centre StevenageSG12NY United Kingdom

Arene C(sp^(2))-h bond borylation offers direct and efficient access to aryl boronic *** in situ catalyst activation and photoirradiation,the iron-catalysed C(sp^(2))-h borylation reaction of carboarenes,pyrroles,and indoles has been developed using only bench-stable pre-catalysts and *** functional group tolerance was observed including those not reported using previous methods(ArNh_(2),ArOh,ArSiR_(3),Arp(O)(O)_(2),ArC(O)NR_(2)).Mechanistic studies revealed iron-catalysed reductive deoxygenation,C—F protodefluorination,and a demethylation of aryl methyl ethers by C—O sigma bond hydroboration.

关键词： Iron Earth-abundant C-h borylation Boron photochemistry

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Modelling of propagating Shear Waves in Biotissue Employing an Internal Variable Approach to Dissipation

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Communications in Computational physics 2008年第3期3卷 603-640页

作者： h.T.Banks Nicholas S.luke Center for Research in Scientific Computation North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-8205USA.

The ability to reliably detect coronary artery disease based on the acousticnoises produced by a stenosis can provide a simple, non-invasive technique for *** research exploits the shear wave fields in body tissue to detect andanalyze coronary stenoses. The methods and ideas outlined in earlier efforts [6] includinga mathematical model utilizing an internal strain variable approximation tothe quasi-linear viscoelastic constitutive equation proposed by Fung in [19] is extendedhere. As an initial investigation, a homogeneous two-dimensional viscoelastic geometryis considered. Being uniform in θ, this geometry behaves as a one dimensionalmodel, and the results generated from it are compared to the one dimensional resultsfrom [6]. To allow for different assumptions on the elastic response, several variationsof the model are considered. A statistical significance test is employed to determine ifthe more complex models are significant improvements. After calibrating the modelwith a comparison to previous findings, more complicated geometries are *** involving a heterogeneous geometrywith a uniformring running throughthe original medium, a θ-dependent model which considers a rigid partial occlusionformed along the inner radius of the geometry, and a model which combines the ringand occlusion are presented.

关键词： Viscoelasticity partial differential equations shear waves biotissue.

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g-C_(3)N_(4)/MXene@Ag多功能膜制备及其水净化性能研究

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功能材料 2024年第6期55卷 6009-6018页

作者：于帆王俊怡赵瑞琪骆春佳晁敏颜录科长安大学材料科学与工程学院西安710064

通过真空辅助组装构建g-C_(3)N_(4)/MXene@Ag(CNMA)分离膜。研究表明,银纳米粒子的引入可以增强表面润湿性并优化传质通道,复合膜最高分离通量(对水包1,2-二氯乙烷乳液)为(6812.7±106)L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),最大效率可达99.7%。值得... 详细信息

通过真空辅助组装构建g-C_(3)N_(4)/MXene@Ag(CNMA)分离膜。研究表明,银纳米粒子的引入可以增强表面润湿性并优化传质通道,复合膜最高分离通量(对水包1,2-二氯乙烷乳液)为(6812.7±106)L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),最大效率可达99.7%。值得注意的是,CNMA复合膜具有显著的抗污能力,在连续使用10次后仍保持稳定的分离性能。此外,MXene@Ag材料能够优化复合膜体系的能带结构,促进电子-空穴(e^(-)-h^(+))的有效空间分离,从而改善光电性能,实现对有机污染物(染料、抗生素)的高效去除,其中对亚甲基蓝染料的降解效率为98%。CNMA分离膜适用于有机污染物场景下的水环境修复,满足实际污水处理要求,具有十足的发展前景。

关键词： g-C_(3)N_(4) 多功能膜油水分离光催化水净化

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What Do Employers Want? Views of Chinese and Canadian Job Seekers

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China & World Economy 2006年第6期14卷 107-120页

作者： M.W. luke Chan James h. Tiessen Associate professor School of Management University of Science and Technology Beijing China. Email: sunying@*** professor Michael G. DeGroote School of Business McMaster University Canada. Email: chanmwl@mcmaster.ca Associate professor Michael G. DeGroote School of Business McMaster University Canada. Email: tiessenj@mcmaster.ca.

Rapid globalization has led to many studies of cross-cultural issues and their implications for management. As China＇s importance in the international economy rises, the level of international business cooperation continues to increase. This paper first identifies differences in the cultural orientations of Chinese and Canadians entering the job market and then examines how these orientations are related to their perceptions of the criteria employers use when hiring. The analyses show that the cultural differences are not consistent with hofstede＇s previous work. Further, there are significant differences in the qualities that are considered important when seeking a job. The results of this study increase mutual understanding and improve business relationships between the two countries.

关键词： Canada China cultural difference job selection criteria business student

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Validation of the VitalpAC Early Warning Score at the Intermediate Care Unit

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018年第3期7卷 39-45页

作者： Joost DJ plate Linda M peelen luke ph Leenen Falco hietbrink Division of Surgery University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht University Julius Center for health Sciences University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Departments of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University

AIM To assess the performance and clinical relevance of the Early Warning Scoring(EWS)system at the Intermediate Care Unit(IMCU).METhODS This cohort study used all the Vital pAC EWS(Vi EWS)scores collected during each nursing shift from 2014through 2016 at the mixed surgical IMCU of an academic teaching *** deterioration defined as transfer to the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)or mortality within 24 h was the primary outcome of *** A total of 9113 aggregated Vi EWS scores were obtained from 2113 *** incidence of the combined outcome was 272(3.0%).The area under the curve of the Vi EWS was 0.72(CI:0.69-0.75).Using a threshold value of six,the sensitivity was 68%with a positive predictive value of 5%and a number needed to trigger(e.g.,false alarms)of 19%.CONCLUSION The Vi EWS at the IMCU has a discriminative performance that is considerably lower than at the hospital *** number of false alarms is high,which may result in alarm ***,use of the Vi EWS in its current form at the IMCU should be reconsidered.

关键词： Intermediate Care Unit high-dependency unit Clinical deterioration Vital signs Early Warning Scoring

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Future perspective of focal therapy for localized prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第4期8卷 354-361页

作者： luke p.O’Connor Shayann Ramedani Michael Daneshvar Arvin K.George Andre Luis Abreu Giovanni E.Cacciamani Amir h.Lebastchi Urologic Oncology Branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA College of Medicine The Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPAUSA Department of Urology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Center for Image-Guided and Focal Therapy for prostate Cancer Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of UrologyKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Objective:To summarize the recent literature discussing focal therapy for localized prostate ***:A thorough literature review was performed using pubMed to identify recent studies involving focal therapy for the treatment of localized prostate ***:In an effort to decrease the morbidity associated with prostate cancer treatment,many urologists are turning to focal therapy as an alternative treatment *** this approach,the cancer bearing portion of the prostate is targeted while leaving the benign tissue *** magnetic resonance imaging remains the gold standard for visualization during focal therapy,but new imaging modalities such as prostate specific membrane antigen/positron emission tomography and contrast enhanced ultrasound are being ***,several biomarkers,such as prostate cancer antigen 3 and prostate health index,are used in conjunction with imaging to improve risk stratification prior to focal ***,there are several novel technologies such as nanoparticles and transurethral devices that are under investigation for use in focal ***:Focal therapy is proving to be a promising option for the treatment of localized prostate ***,further study is needed to determine the true efficacy of these exciting new technologies.

关键词： Focal therapy prostate cancer Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Imaging Innovation Technology

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