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Contribution of Asian dust to soils in Southeast China estimated with Nd and Pb isotopic compositions

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第6期39卷 911-919页

作者： Jianwu Li Zhaoliang Song lukas van Zwieten Li Ruan Feili Li Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China National Center for Tea Plant Improvement Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310008.China New South Wales Department of Primary Industries 1243 Bruxner HighwayWollongbarNSW 2477Australia Institute of the Surface-Earth System Science Research Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Asian dust has been identified in subtropical soils of ***(Nd)and lead(Pb)elemental and isotopic geochemistry of soils in Southeast China were used to assess the significance of local versus extraneous *** εNd(0)values were close to the parent rocks(+2.9)in the young soils(NSJ);while their values were always negative(〜—3.7)in the old soils(OMJ),implying dust *** young soils contained less Asian dust contribution(<8%)while the old soils contained more than 50%Asian dust *** implied that dust contributions were gradually increasing with the soil development stage and Asian dust input had become the principal Nd source for the old soils in this *** the other hand,Pb excesses and low 207Pb/206Pb values(〜0.8503)in near-surface soils indicated a significant anthropogenic Pb addition onto surface *** close relationship between the Pb content and isotopic ratios in the soil profile indicated that the excessive lead in the surface soil was *** results suggested that Asian dust made up a significant fraction in the old soils,but that local sources(i.e.,basalt and anthropogenic)were not trivial in Southeast China.

关键词： Aeolian dust Soil genesis Rural soils Basalt

A Stochastic Study on the Wicking Phenomena

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2012年第2期29卷 178-181页

作者：翁鸣 lukas David Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of EducationZhejiang Sci-Tech University Faculty of Textile Engineering Technical University of Liberec

A stochastic approach based on a 3D 3-state Potts model combined with Monte Carlo simulation was used to study the equilibrium wicking height of liquids in vertical cylindrical capillaries. The Lifshitz-van der Waals and Lewis acid-base theories were adopted to characterize the apolar and polar interactions in the spin system. The evolution of the spin system was driven by the difference in total energy for two successive states. To verify the model, equilibrium wicking height of water, formamide, heptane, and octane in capillaries of different radii were examined and the corresponding computer simulations were implemented. Good agreement was obtained between the simulation and experimental results. It shows the potential of the proposed approach to be applied in this area.

关键词： Potts model Monte Carlo simulation wicking Lifshitz-van der Waals Lewis acid-base

Functional brain imaging of gastrointestinal sensation in health and disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3438-3445页

作者： lukas van Oudenhove Steven J Coen Qasim Aziz Department of Neurosciences Division of Psychiatry & Department of Pathophysiology Gastroenterology Section University Hospital Gasthuisberg University of Leuven Belgium Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences Institute of Psychiatry London United Kingdom Division of Neuroscience & Medicine Department of GI Sciences Hope Hospital University of Manchester United Kingdom

It has since long been known, from everyday experience as well as from animal and human studies, that psychological processes-both affective and cognitive- exert an influence on gastrointestinal sensorimotor function. More specifically, a link between psychological factors and visceral hypersensitivity has been suggested, mainly based on research in functional gastrointestinal disorder patients. However, until recently, the exact nature of this putative relationship remained unclear, mainly due to a lack of non-invasive methods to study the （neurobiological） mechanisms underlying this relationship in non-sleeping humans. As functional brain imaging, introduced in visceral sensory neuroscience some 10 years ago, does provide a method for in vivo study of brain-gut interactions, insight into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying visceral sensation in general and the influence of psychological factors more particularly, has rapidly grown. In this article, an overview of brain imaging evidence on gastrointestinal sensation will be given, with special emphasis on the brain mechanisms underlying the interaction between affective ＆ cognitive processes and visceral sensation. First, the reciprocal neural pathways between the brain and the gut （brain- gut axis） will be briefly outlined, including brain imaging evidence in healthy volunteers. Second, functional brain imaging studies assessing the influence of psychological factors on brain processing of visceral sensation in healthy humans will be discussed in more detail. Finally, brain imaging work investigating differences in brain responses to visceral distension between healthy volunteers and functional gastrointestinal disorder patients will be highlighted.

关键词： Functional brain imaging Functionalgastro-intestinal disorders Visceral hypersensitivity Gastrointestinal sensation Psychological factors

Biochar improves diary pasture yields by alleviating P and K constraints with no influence on soil respiration or N2O emissions

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Biochar 2019年第1期1卷 115-126页

作者： lukas van Zwieten Stephen Kimber Stephen Morris Lynne M.Macdonald Josh Rust Scott Petty Stephen Joseph Terry Rose NSW Department of Primary Industries 1243 Bruxner HighwayWollongbar 2477NSWAustralia CSIRO Land and Water Agriculture and Food/Sustainable Agricultural Flagship UrrbraeSA 5064Australia School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesKensington 2033NSWAustralia Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross UniversityLismore 2480NSWAustralia Centre for Organics Research Southern Cross UniversityLismore 2480NSWAustralia

Dairy pastures can be a major source of soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions due to the combination of intensive nitrogen(N)fertiliser use and high soil water content,from either rainfall and/or *** application is a promising approach to lower soil greenhouse gas emissions,particularly under high soil moisture conditions where denitrification is the primary N-transformation *** a replicated field trial,we evaluated the effects of two contrasting biochars derived from poul-try litter and from hardwood on soil N_(2)O emissions,soil ammonium(NH4^(+))and nitrate(NO3^(−))status,pasture productivity and herbage nutrient content.A liming treatment to mimic the liming equivalence of the poultry litter biochar was used to separate any effects observed from changes in soil *** further separate the effects of biochars on soil N status,N_(2)O emissions and pasture N uptake,high and low N fertiliser doses(annual application of 672 kg N ha^(−1),336 kg N ha^(−1))were superimposed across all of the *** N fertiliser dose had no significant impact on pasture *** of poultry litter biochar resulted in significant increases in pasture productivity under both high and low N *** was achieved by alleviating soil P,and possibly K nutritional constraints that are typical in Australian *** the high N fertiliser dose,emissions of N_(2)O from the treatments and control were not significantly different(p>0.05)and ranged between 1.14 and 1.78 kg N_(2)O-N ha^(−1)across the 11-month *** low N dose resulted in significantly lower emissions of N_(2)O of between 0.80 and 0.84 kg N_(2)O-N ha^(−1),but biochar had no significant effect on net emissions across the *** lack of impact of biochar on N_(2)O emissions was attributed to the relatively dry conditions over the trial period resulting in nitrification being the most likely N-transformation *** brief episodes of high soil moisture,peak emissions from the bio

关键词： Ferralsol Autochamber methodology Nitrification Urea Lime Poultry litter biochar Hardwood biochar Emission intensity

Effect of thrombectomy on oedema progression and clinical outcome in patients with a poor collateral profile

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 222-229页

作者： Gabriel Broocks Andre Kemmling Tobias Faizy Rosalie McDonough Noel van Horn Matthias Bechstein lukas Meyer Gerhard Schon Jawed Nawabi Jens Fiehler Helge Kniep Uta Hanning Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Institute of Neuroradiology University Hospital of LuebeckLuebeckGermany Neuroradiology WestpfalzklinikumKaiserslauternGermany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology University Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Radiology CharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

Background and purpose The impact of the cerebral collateral circulation on lesion progression and clinical outcome in ischaemic stroke is well ***,collateral status modifies the effect of endovascular treatment and was therefore used to select patients for therapy in prior *** purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of vessel recanalisation on lesion pathophysiology and clinical outcome in patients with a poor collateral *** and methods 129 patients who had an ischaemic stroke with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation and a collateral score(CS)of 0-2 were *** profile was defined using an established 5-point scoring system in CT *** progression was determined using quantitative lesion water uptake measurements on admission and follow-up CT(FCT),and clinical outcome was assessed using modified Rankin Scale(mRS)scores after 90 *** Oedema formation in FCT was significantly lower in patients with vessel recanalisation compared with patients with persistent vessel occlusion(mean 19.5%,95%CI:17%to 22%vs mean 27%,95%CI:25%to 29%;p<0.0001).In a multivariable linear regression analysis,vessel recanalisation was significantly associated with oedema formation in FCT(ß=−7.31,SD=0.015,p<0.0001),adjusted for CS,age and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score(ASPECTS).Functional outcome was significantly better in patients following successful recanalisation(mRS at day 90:4.5,IQR:2-6 vs 5,IQR:5-6,p<0.001).Conclusion Although poor collaterals are known to be associated with poor outcome,endovascular recanalisation was still associated with significant oedema reduction and comparably better outcome in this patient *** with poor collaterals should not generally be excluded from thrombectomy.

关键词： collateral patients edema

Developing More Effective Enhanced Biochar Fertilisers for Improvement of Pepper Yield and Quality

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 703-712页

作者： YAO Chunxue Stephen JOSEPH LI Lianqing PAN Genxing Yun LIN Paul MUNROE Ben PACE Sarasadat TAHERYMOOSAVI lukas van ZWIETEN Torsten THOMAS Shaun NIELSEN Jun YE Scott DONNE Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales New South Wales Department of Primary Industries School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation University of New South Wales

Utilization of biochar at high application rates can increase soil C and crop yields, decrease greenhouse gas emissions and reduce nutrient run-off from soils. However, the high application rate of 10 t ha-1 may not return a profit to the farmer due to the high cost of biochar. In this study biochar was modified through pre-treating the biomass and post-treating with phosphoric acid, minerals and different chemical fertilisers to study the effects of two new enhanced biochar fertilisers on the yield and quality of green pepper in a field experiment with 5 fertilisation treatments and 3 replications. The two new biochar fertilisers significantly （P 〈 0.05） increased the yield of green pepper （11.33-11.47 t ha-l）, compared with the conventional chemical fertiliser （9.72 t ha-l）. The biochar fertiliser treatments improved the vitamin C content of green pepper from 236.99 to 278.28 mg kg-1, and also significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced the nitrate content from 132.32 to 101.92 mg kg-1, compared with chemical fertiliser. This study indicated that, compared to the use of conventional chemical fertiliser, all of the biochar fertiliser treatments could significantly improve the yield and quality of green pepper.

关键词： bentonite clay chemical fertiliser nitrate content phosphoric acid vitamin C content wheat straw

Haemorrhage after thrombectomy with adjuvant thrombolysis in unknown onset stroke depends on high early lesion water uptake

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 390-398页

作者： Gabriel Broocks lukas Meyer Uta Hanning Tobias Djamsched Faizy Matthias Bechstein Helge Kniep Noel van Horn Gerhard Schön Ewgenia Barow Götz Thomalla Jens Fiehler Andre Kemmling Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology University Medical Center Hamburg EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Neuroradiology University MarburgMarburgGermany

Background and purpose In wake-up stroke,CT-based quantitative net water uptake(NWU)might serve as an alternative tool to MRI to guide intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase(IVT).An important complication after IVT is symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage(sICH).As NWU directly implies ischaemic lesion progression,reflecting blood-brain barrier injury,we hypothesised that NWU predicts sICH in patients who had a ischaemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy with unknown *** Consecutive analysis of all patients who had unknown onset anterior circulation ischaemic stroke who underwent CT at baseline and endovascular treatment between December 2016 and October *** NWU was assessed on baseline *** primary endpoint was *** association of NWU and other baseline parameters to sICH was investigated using inverse-probability weighting(IPW)*** A total of 88 patients were included,of which 46 patients(52.3%)received *** median NWU was 10.7%(IQR:5.1–17.7).The proportion of patients with any haemorrhage and sICH were 35.2%and 13.6%.NWU at baseline was significantly higher in patients with sICH(19.1%vs 9.6%,p<0.0001)and the median Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score(ASPECTS)was lower(5 vs 8,p<0.0001).Following IPW,there was no association between IVT and sICH in unadjusted ***,after adjusting for ASPECTS and NWU,there was a significant association between IVT administration and sICH(14.6%,95%CI:3.3%to 25.6%,p<0.01).Conclusion In patients with ischaemic stroke with unknown onset,the combination of high NWU with IVT is directly linked to higher rates of *** ASPECTS for evaluating the extent of the early infarct lesion,quantitative NWU could be used as an imaging biomarker to assess the degree of blood-brain barrier damage in order to predict the risk of sICH in patients with wake up stroke.

关键词： throm thrombolysis high

A critical review of biochar-based nitrogen fertilizers and their effects on crop production and the environment

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 577-595页

作者： Yurong Gao Zheng Fang lukas van Zwieten Nanthi Bolan Da Dong Bert F.Quin Jun Meng Fangbai Li Fengchang Wu Hailong Wang Wenfu Chen Agronomy College Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshan 528000China Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijingChina Department of Primary Industries New South Wales1243 Bruxner Highway2477 WollongbarNSWAustralia School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6001Australia The UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia6001 PerthWAAustralia School of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311300China Quin Environmentals(NZ)Ltd PO Box 125122St.HeliersAuckland 1740New Zealand Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of Sciences510650 GuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Guangdong Green Technologies Co. LtdFoshan 528100China

Globally,nitrogen(N)fertilizer demand is expected to reach 112 million tonnes to support food production for about 8 billion ***,more than half of the N fertilizer is lost to the environment with impacts on air,water and soil quality,and ***,N loss to the environment contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate ***,where N fertilizer application is limited,severe depletion of soil fertility has become a major constraint to sustainable *** address the issues of low fertilizer N use efficiency(NUE),biochar-based N fertilizers(BBNFs)have been developed to reduce off-site loss and maximize crop N *** products are generally made through physical mixing of biochar and N fertilizer or via coating chemical N fertilizers such as prilled urea with *** review aims to describe the manufacturing processes of BBNFs,and to critically assess the effects of the products on soil properties,crop yield and N loss pathways.

关键词： Nitrogen use efficiency Controlled-release Retention Coating Biochar removing contaminants from

Distributed Analytics on Sensitive Medical Data:The Personal Health Train

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 96-107,305,306,307页

作者： Oya Beyan Ananya Choudhury Johan van Soest Oliver Kohlbacher lukas Zimmermann Holger Stenzhorn Md.Rezaul Karim Michel Dumontier Stefan Decker Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Andre Dekker Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology(FIT) 53754 Sankt AugustinGermany RWTH Aachen University 52056 AachenGermany Department of Radiation Oncology(MAASTRO) GROW School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical Center6200 MD MaastrichtThe Netherlands Institute of Data Science Maastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 60Maastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of TübingenTubingenBaden-Württemberg 72076Germany Quantitative Biology Center University of TübingenTubingenBaden-Württemberg 72076Germany Institute for Translational Bioinformatics University of TubingenTubingenBaden-Württemberg 72076Germany Center for Bioinformatics University of TübingenGermany GO FAIR International Support&Coordination Office(GFISCO) LeidenThe Netherlands

In recent years,as newer technologies have evolved around the healthcare ecosystem,more and more data have been *** analytics could power the data collected from numerous sources,both from healthcare institutions,or generated by individuals themselves via apps and devices,and lead to innovations in treatment and diagnosis of diseases;improve the care given to the patient;and empower citizens to participate in the decision-making process regarding their own health and ***,the sensitive nature of the health data prohibits healthcare organizations from sharing the *** Personal Health Train(PHT)is a novel approach,aiming to establish a distributed data analytics infrastructure enabling the(re)use of distributed healthcare data,while data owners stay in control of their own *** main principle of the PHT is that data remain in their original location,and analytical tasks visit data sources and execute the *** PHT provides a distributed,flexible approach to use data in a network of participants,incorporating the FAIR *** facilitates the responsible use of sensitive and/or personal data by adopting international principles and *** paper presents the concepts and main components of the PHT and demonstrates how it complies with FAIR principles.

关键词： Distributed analytics Data reuse FAIR Health data Ethics and privacy