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Temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition varies with biochar application and soil type

Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 336-342页

作者： Tatiana FRITTL luiza CANISARES Edvaldo SAGRILO Klaus BUTTERBACH-BAHL Michael DANNENMANN carlos EPCERRI Soil Science Department Luiz de Queiroz College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900(Brazil Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Meteorology and Climate ResearchAtmospheric Environmental Research(IMK-IFU)Garmisch-Partenkirchen 82467Germany Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation(Embrapa Meio-Norte) TeresinaPiauí70770-901Brazil

Biochar application has the potential to improve soil fertility and increase soil carbon stock, especially in tropical regions. Information on the temperature sensitivity of carbon dioxide(CO2) evolution from biochar-amended soils at very high temperatures, as observed for tropical surface soils, is limited but urgently needed for the development of region-specific biochar management targeted to optimize biochar effects on soil functions. Here, we investigated the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration to the addition of different rates of Miscanthus biochar(0, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 Mg ha-1) in two types of soils with contrasting textures. Biochar-amended soil treatments and their controls were incubated at constant temperatures of 20, 30, and 40℃. Overall, our results show that: i) considering data from all treatments and temperatures, the addition of biochar decreased soil CO2 emissions when compared to untreated soils;ii) CO2 emissions from biochar-amended soils had a higher temperature sensitivity than those from biochar-free soils;iii) the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in sandy soils was higher than that in clay soils;and iv) for clay soils, relative increases in soil CO2 emissions from biochar-amended soils were higher when the temperature increased from 30 to 40℃, while for sandy soils, the highest temperature responses of soil respiration were observed when increasing the temperature from 20 to 30℃. Together, these findings suggest a significantly reduced potential to increase soil organic carbon stocks when Miscanthus biochar is applied to tropical soils at high surface temperatures, which could be counteracted by the soil-and weather-specific timing of biochar application.

关键词： carbon dioxide clay soil greenhouse gas emission Miscanthus biochar sandy soil tropical soil

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Assessment of the Total Organic Carbon and Conductivity in Consecutive Dyeings with Reactive Dyestuffs Using Treated Effluent by UV/H202 Photocatalysis

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第2期8卷 139-144页

作者： Leite Adilson da SilvaI Barco luiz Trindade Nelson Barros Araujo Mauricio de Campos Rosa Jorge Marcos Tambourgi Elias Basile Santana José carlos Curvelo Chemical Textile Post Graduation Department College of Technology SENAI Antoine Skaf $6o Paulo 03008-020 Brazil Textile and Fashion Post Graduation Program S6o Paulo University S6o Paulo 03828-000 Brazil College of Chemical Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas 13083-852 Brazil Production Engineering Post Graduation Program Nove de Julho University Sao Paulo 05001-100 Brazil

The paper was monitored the conductivity （g.L＂l of NaCI）, the absorbances values （Abs） and the amount of TOC （total organic carbon）, before and after five consecutive dyeings made with reuse water, obtained from treated effluent by UV/H202 photocatalysis. All rates of decolorization were above 92%, the removal of total organic carbon was above 89% in all treatments and the economy of NaCI was from 3.10 in the first recipe, 3.17 in the second, 3.49 in the third, 3.79 in the fourth and 4.05 in the fifth recipe. The five dyeings compared with same dyeings made with deionized water presented a color deviation （AE＊） below 1. The conventional dyeings would consume 80 L/kg against 40 L/kg used in the dyeing process proposed in this study, representing a great economy of water, with no discharge of effluents.

关键词： Conductivity reactive dyestuffs reuse of water photocatalysis textile effluent.

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Influence of quarantine during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic on physical and psychosocial aspects:perceptions of 214 Brazilian athletes

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Global Health Journal 2023年第1期7卷 49-54页

作者： Eliane de Morais Machado Leonardo luiz Barretti Secchi Paula Rezende Camargo Luciana De Michelis Mendonca Physical Therapy Department Universidade Federcd de Sao Carlos(UFSCar)Sao CarlosSP CEP 13565-905Brazil Physical Therapy Department Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais(UFMG)Belo Horizonte MG CEP 31270-901Brazil

Background:Social distancing may affect athletes,training,causing negative effects on mental and physical ***:This study therefore aimed to characterize the perception of Brazilian athletes about their physical and psychosocial aspects,sleep quality and coping strategies during the quarantine of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)***:This was a cross-sectional study with online survey,performed with Brazilian athletes(amateur and professional)over 18 *** main outcomes measures assessed were physical and psychosocial aspects,sleep quality and coping ***:A total of 214 athletes were *** average weekly hours of training during the quarantine was 4.71±3.71 h,of which 64.5%athletes(138/214)were oriented by medical staff during *** 52.8%(113/214)of athletes,training intensity during the quarantine was different/very different from the intensity before the quarantine.79.4%athletes(170/214)reported moderate to extreme difficulties in keeping the same level of training during the quarantine.77.1%athletes(165/214)had moderate to extreme anxiety and each of the athletes had concern about his or her athletic career future,including return to the sport.72.9%athletes(156/214)reported change in sleep schedule during the quarantine ***:The quarantine period during COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected the athlete^perception about training routine,since athletes reported reduction in training hours and training ***,the athletes reported that they were moderately to extremely *** also had concerns about their career in the future,as well as concerns regarding return to sport.

关键词： Social isolation Performance Psychological aspects Sleep quality Sport

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Dynamical Outlines of the Rainfall Variability and the ITCZ Role over the West Sahel

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2012年第3期2卷 337-350页

作者： Paulo Sergio Lucio luiz carlos Baldicero Molion Cati Elisa de Avila Valadao Fabio Cunha Conde Andrea Malheiro Ramos Maria Luciene Dias de Melo Centro de Geofisica de Evora(CGE) EvoraPortugal Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte(UFRN) Centro de Ciencias Exatas e da Terra(CCET)NatalBrazil Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL) AlagoasBrazil Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia(INMET) BrasíliaBrazil

This article evaluated the plausible causes of floods and droughts, the relative roles of large-scale climate variability in regional environmental trends, and the prospects for the future of the semiarid Sahel region in the context of periodic climate change. It is pointed out that the most significant rainfall climatological changes in the Sahel probably occurred between 1950 and 1980 with the decrease of the annual rainfall, a very high deficit (about 70%) over the whole region. The last three decades considered in this research (1981-2010) showed some improvement. The more humid conditions were from the last decade 2001 to 2010. One of the most significant climatic variations has been the persistent rainfall decline in the Sahel since late 1960s. Remarkable latitudinal shift of ITF mean position towards the South generated an overall reduction of annual rainfall. Basically, in this manuscript one analyzes the dynamical features on rainfall time series and the association of the cyclic periods with teleconnections under the hypothesis that no alteration has occurred. The results supply a reliable base to develop a methodology for medium to long-term seasonal forecast.

关键词： Climate Variability Trend Analysis Empirical SPI BEST Index PDO Index

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PET-modified red mud as catalysts for oxidative desulfurization reactions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 312-320页

作者： Nayara T.do Prado Ana P.Heitmann Herman S.Mansur Alexandra A.Mansur luiz C.A.Oliveira Cinthia S.de Castro Department of Chemistry Federal University of Minas GeraisAv.Antonio Carlos 6627Campus Pampulha31270-901BH-MGBrazil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Au.Antonio Carlos 6627Campus Pampulha31270-901BH-MGBrazil

This work describes the synthesis of catalysts based on red mud/polyethylene terephthalate（PET） composites and their subsequent heat treatment under N2 *** materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,temperature programmed reduction（TPR）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT–IR）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,thermogravimetric（TG） analysis and N2adsorption/*** catalysts were evaluated in the oxidative desulfurization reaction of dibenzothiophene（DBT） in a biphasic *** results indicated that the PET impregnation on red mud increased the affinity of the catalyst with the nonpolar phase（fuel）,in which the contaminant was dissolved,allowing a higher conversion（up to 80%） and selectivity to the corresponding dibenzothiophene *** sulfone compound is more polar than DBT and diffused into the polar solvent as indicated by the data obtained via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry（GC–MS）.

关键词： Red mud PET Dibenzothiophene Desulfurization Dibenzothiophene sulfone

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Stresses Analysis on a Rail Part

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第8期7卷 964-972页

作者： Cassio Eduardo Lima de Paiva Jose Lulz Antunes de Oliveira e Sousa luiz carlos de Almeida Paulo RobertoAguiar luiz Femando de Melo Correia Juliana Silva Watanabe Rodrigo Moreira de Carvalho Creso deFranco Peixoto Denis Palomo Paschoalin Geotecnical and Ttransportation Department & Department of Structure School of Civil Engineering University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852 Brazil Ignatian Educational Foundation S6o Bernardo do Campo 09850-901 Brazil VALE S A. Belo Horizonte 30140-001 Brazil

The EFVM （Vitoria Minas Railroad） is one of the main railways in Brazil. It transports freight trains of ore, 220 wagons each. These wagons have 2 boogies of 2 axles each and 32 metric tons on metre gauge. Elastic strains were measured on a special part of this railway due to these trains. The main load to evaluate stresses and strains was a G 16 Locomotive, a C-C kind from Vale, a Brazilian Company. The measurements were obtained by dynamic deflectometer installed on a main line of this railway, near Ipatinga, a city from Minas Gerais, one of Brazil states. This track was equipped to obtain stresses under an equal repeated static load A simulation of the stresses was made under critical strain by Ferrovia 1.0 software. It was also made an evaluation of unequal results from neighbor sleepers taking in comparison two equipped parts of this railway, one with compacted ballast and no compaction to the other. The results were strain limited, avoiding breakage or damage to the studied rails. This work analyses these measurements focusing on the improvement of track quality.

关键词： Railway track field strain survey rail stresses.

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Effects of functional training on geometric indices of heart rate variability

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第2期5卷 183-189页

作者： Marianne P.C.de Rezende Barbosa Jayme Netto Júnior Bruna M.Cassemiro Aline Fernanda B.Bernardo Anne K.Fran?a da Silva Franciele M.Vanderlei carlos Marcelo Pastre luiz carlos M.Vanderlei Physiotherapy Department University of Estadual Paulista Laboratory of Stress Physiology Physiotherapy Department University of Estadual Paulista

Background： Geometric methods provide an analysis of autonomic modulation using the geometric properties of the resulting pattern, and represent an interesting tool in the analysis of heart rate variability （HRV）. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of functional training on cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy young women using the geometric indices of HRV. Methods： Data were analyzed from 29 women, and were stratified into a functional training group （FTG, n = 13; 23.00 ± 2.51 years; 21.90± 2.82 kg/m2） and a control group （CG, n = 16; 20.56 ± 1.03 years; 22.12±3.86 kg/m2）. The FTG received periodized functional training for 12 weeks. The cardiac autonomic modulation of both groups was evaluated before and after this training, and a qualitative analysis was performed using the Poincar6 plot. Results： There was a significant increase in the difference of the triangular index （RRTri）, SDI, SD2, and RR intervals in the FTG as compared to the CG, and the qualitative analysis from the Poincar6 plot showed an increase in the dispersion of beat-to-beat and long-term RR intervals in the functional group after training. No changes were observed in the triangular interpolation of RR interval histogram （TINN） or SD1/SD2. Conclusion： Functional training had a beneficial impact on autonomic modulation, as characterized by increased parasympathetic activity and overall variability, thus highlighting the clinical usefulness of this type of training.

关键词： Autonomic nervous system Exercise Heart rate Resistance training Young adult

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固体渗硼对AISI H13钢耐磨和耐蚀性能的影响

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热处理 2016年第3期31卷 31-34页

作者： Stenio Cristaldo Amadeu Lombardi Neto carlos Alberto Picon George Edward Totten luiz carlos Casteletti EESC University of Silo Paulo-USP Brazil UTFPR-LD Lndrina PR Brazil EEIS-UNESP Brazil Portland State University Portland USA EESC University of Silo Paulo-USP Brazil

研究了固体渗硼的时间和温度对AISI H13工具钢耐磨和耐蚀性能的影响。将900℃和1 000℃固体渗硼2 h和4 h的渗硼试样和未渗硼试样进行无磨料固定球的微量磨损试验,耐蚀性能则通过0.1 mol HCl溶液中进行的动电位极化试验测定。渗硼试样中... 详细信息

研究了固体渗硼的时间和温度对AISI H13工具钢耐磨和耐蚀性能的影响。将900℃和1 000℃固体渗硼2 h和4 h的渗硼试样和未渗硼试样进行无磨料固定球的微量磨损试验,耐蚀性能则通过0.1 mol HCl溶液中进行的动电位极化试验测定。渗硼试样中均形成了高硬度的渗层,钢的成分对渗层的硬度、厚度、渗层/基体界面的形貌和形成相等特性均有影响。对于合金元素含量比碳钢高的AISI H13钢,所形成的渗层硬度较高,渗层较薄,渗层/基体界面较平坦。在上述工艺条件下获得的渗层中,均发现有Fe_2B、FeB和CrB等硼化物。渗硼试样的耐磨和耐蚀性能得到了显著的改善,且在1 000℃渗硼的效果最佳。

关键词：固体渗硼 AISI H13钢渗硼磨损腐蚀

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Raising of Horn Fly Haematobia irritans(L.)(Diptera:Muscidae)in Laboratory by Means of Egg and Larva Inoculation

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Advances in Entomology 2014年第2期2卷 76-80页

作者： luiz Gustavo Ferraz Lima Carolina Aparecida Carlin Beloti Silvia Helena Venturoli Perri carlos Noriyuki Kaneto Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani Angelo Pires do Prado Veterinary Medicine Aracatuba School Universidade Estadual PaulistaAracatuba CampusAracatubaBrazil Department of Parasitology Institute of BiosciencesUniversidade Estadual de CampinasCampinasBrazil

Several studies have required Haematobia irritans (L.) raising in laboratory. The present study assessed two methods of inoculating immature forms of H. irritans to obtain adults. In 2007, 15 Nellore steers (Bos indicus) (L.) were used for the collection of feces free of anthelmintic treatment and flies to produce for eggs and larva. For method I, 30 eggs were incubated in square filter paper (5 × 5 cm) and deposited on bovine feces (500 g) where they were kept until hatching and spontaneous penetration of larvae (L1) into the fecal mass. After 24 h, eggs were analyzed under a stereoscope microscope (40×) for the number of larvae that instinctively penetrated the feces. In method II, larvae were obtained only by natural egg hatching. At birth, 30 larvae were collected and individually inoculated, directly onto the fecal plate by employing a moistened brush. The tests were carried out at controlled temperature (28°C ± 2°C) and saturated humidity (80%) until the emergence of flies with both methods. The number of emerged flies was considered in the result. Using method I, 276 (76.7%) flies emerged from 360 inoculated eggs, while using method II, 283 (78.6%) flies emerged from 360 inoculated larvae. There was no significant difference (P = 0.7821) between methods for the number of flies;however, the proportion between males and females by means of larva inoculation was different from 1:1 (P = 0.0146). Results indicated that both methods led to a satisfactory production of flies and egg inoculation provided an easier establishment.

关键词： Haematobia irritans Horn Fly Hatched Egg Methods Breeding

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Effects of Copaiba Oil on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Teratogenesis in Mice

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第23期5卷 3464-3473页

作者： Ana Carolina dos Santos Lourenco Jose Eduardo Baroneza Solange de Paula Ramos Liliane Kelen Miguel luiz carlos Juliani Aline Pic-Taylor Maria Jose Sparca Salles Departmento de Farmacologia Centro de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do ParanáCuritibaBrazil Universidade Positivo CuritibaBrazil Departmento de Histologia Centro de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaBrazil Departmento de Biologia Geral Centro de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaBrazil Departmento de Genética e Morfologia Universidade de BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil

Cyclophosphamide is an anti-neoplastic chemotherapy drug which, when administered to animals during the gestational period, provokes visceral, skeletal and external malformations. Copaiba oil obtained from Copaifera L. genus is traditionally used in popular medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. However, the effect of copaiba oil onteratogenesis remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the possible protector effects of copaiba oil on the model of teratogenesis induced by cyclophosphamide in mice. Pregnant female Swiss mice were divided into 8 groups (n = 15). Three groups received copaiba oil, via gavage, in the following doses: 0.3 mL·Kg-1, 0.6 mL·Kg-1 and 0.9 mL·Kg-1 (b.w.), associated to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), intraperitoneal (i.p.). The negative control group received medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and PBS. The positive control group received cyclophosphamide (30 mg·Kg-1 (b.w.)) and MCT. The three treatment groups called associated groups (A) received one of the doses of copaiba oil, via gavage and an associated dose of cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally. Copaiba oil presented a protective effect against teratogenesis induced by cyclophosphamide in the following skeletal structures: metacarpals, forepaws proximal phalanges, and tail vertebras. It also reduced the hydrocephalus frequency. These data suggest that copaiba oil could be a potential candidate for an anti-teratogenic agent.

关键词： Copaiba Oil Cyclophosphamide Teratogenicity Phytotherapy Malformations

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