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Integrated management of natural resources in the Ecuador Highlands

Agricultural Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 768-779页

作者： víctor Hugo Barrera luis Orlando Escudero Jeffrey Alwang Robert Andrade Gordon INIAP Quito Ecuador Institute Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia USA Institute Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VirRobert ginia USA

The Andean region of Ecuador is characterized by extreme poverty caused by low agricultural productivity, limited off-farm opportunities, and lack of access to markets. Poverty is related to degradation of natural resources as lagging agricultural productivity leads to incursions into fragile areas and use of erosive farming techniques on steeply sloped hillsides. Food production in fragile areas degrades soil and water resources, contributes to deforestation and loss of biodiversity, and reduces productive potential over time. This article discusses an agricultural development project designed to reduce the long-term downward development spiral in a watershed in Bolivar, Ecuador. The applied research program began with analysis of the state of soil resources, water, and biodiversity in the Chimbo sub-watershed. This information was used to design a plan with the input of local stakeholders to introduce environmentally friendly farming practices, soil and water conservation techniques, and various institutional innovations to promote resource conservation. This adaptive management program has been a solid success. This article describes the project, the challenges it faced, and how the process of adaptive management led to consensus among stakeholders about the appropriateness of sustainable management practices. We show how implementation of enhanced management practices contribute to reduced environmental vulnerability and improved welfare.

关键词： Component Natural Capital Micro-Watershed Systems Approach Adaptive and Integrated Watershed Management

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Thiopurine-methyltransferase variants in inflammatory bowel disease:Prevalence and toxicity in Brazilian patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3327-3334页

作者： Ana Teresa P Carvalho Barbara C Esberard Renata S B Fróes Davy C M Rapozo Ana B Grinman Tatiana A Simo Juliana C v C Santos Antonio José v Carneiro luis Felipe Ribeiro-Pinto Heitor S P de Souza Disciplina de Gastroenterologia e Endoscopia Digestiva Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Instituto Nacional de Cancer Laboratório de Toxicologia e Biologia Molecular Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Servi?o de Gastroenterologia Departamento de Clínica MédicaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

AIM: To analyze the prevalence of thiopurine-methyltransferase (TPMT) genotypes and their association with drug toxicity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients from southeastern Brazil.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Thiopurine-methyl-transferase Azathioprine Drug toxicity Pancreatitis

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Factors affecting populations of the endemic Iberian hare(Lepus granatensis)after the first myxomatosis outbreaks in Central Spain

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第6期18卷 981-993页

作者： Carlos LÁZARO Joséluis GUZMÁN Fabián CASAS Carlos SÁNCHEZ-GARCÍA Department of Research Fundación ArtemisanCiudad RealSpain Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

The Iberian hare(Lepus granatensis)is an endemic species distributed in Spain and *** outbreaks affecting this species were detected in 2018 in Central and Southern Spain,spreading *** to evaluate factors affecting the status of hare population after the arrival of myxomatosis,we conducted 108 nocturnal hare counts in Central Spain during two study periods(winter/spring and summer/autumn)in 54 different hunting grounds,covering 1071 km and observing 884 *** mean density in winter/spring was 7.66 hares/100 ha,(range 6.14-9.54/100 ha),while in summer/autumn,it was 3.4 hares/100 ha(range 2.6-4.4/100 ha).Densities of hares were not affected by the dominant habitat and the presence/absence of myxomatosis *** were more abundant at hunting grounds at a higher altitude and in those conducting targeted management,while detection of myxomatosis was related to lower altitude and higher levels of game management.A MaxEnt model used to generate a risk map for myxomatosis occurrence showed that the temperature annual range was the most important predictor,which suggests that environmental factors affecting myxomatosis vectors(mosquitoes,fleas,and ticks)could play a key role in disease *** myxomatosis in hares is becoming endemic,hare densities may be improved by game management and the monitoring and surveillance of this emerging *** surveillance programs could be the basis of effective collaborations between hunters,researchers,and environmental managers.

关键词： game management habitat Iberian hare MaxEnt monitoring myxomatosis

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Influence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C outcomes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1558-1562页

作者： Conrado M Fernandez-Rodriguez Maria luisa Gutierrez Joséluis Lledó Maria luisa Casas Service of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Fundación AlcorcónUniversity King Juan CarlosAv Budapest-128922 AlcorcónMadridSpain Service of Biochemestry Hospital Universitario Fundación AlcorcónUniversity King Juan CarlosAv Budapest-128922 AlcorcónMadridSpain

Persistence of hepatitis B virus-DNA in the sera,peripheral blood mononuclear cells or in the liver of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) -negative patients with or without serological markers of previous exposure(antibodies to HBsAg and/or to HB-core antigen) defines the entity called occult hepatitis B infection(OBI).Co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses is frequent in highly endemic *** this co-infection increases the risk of liver disease progression,development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and also increases the rate of therapeutic failure to interferon-based treatments than either virus alone,a potentially negative effect of OBI on clinical outcomes and of therapeutic response to current antiviral regimes of patients with chronic hepatitis C remains inconclusive.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B infection Chronic hepatitis C Outcomes

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Evaluation of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum in La Plata, Argentina

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第9期12卷 1426-1429页

作者： luis Orlando Pérez Martin Carlos Abba Fernando Noel Dulout Carlos Daniel Golijow Centro de Investigaciones en Genética Básica y Aplicada Facultad de Ciencias veterinarias Universidad Nacional de La PlataCalle 60 y 118 S/NB 1900 AVWLa PlataArgentina

AIM： To evaluate the potential association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism and sporadic colorectal adenocarcinoma development, and human papillornavirus （HPv） infection. METHODS： One-hundred and nine controls and 53 patients with colon cancer from the city of La Plata, Argentina were analyzed, p53 codon 72 genotypes and HPv infection were identified using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and nested polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS： The differences in the distribution ofp53 codon 72 polymorphisrn between the cases and controls were statistically significant. The arginine allele had a prevalence of 0.65 in controls and 0.77 in cases. The corresponding odds ratio for the homozygous arginine genotype was 2.08 （95% CI, 1.06-4.05; P〈0.05）. Lack of association was found between ,053 polymorphism and HPv infection in the set of adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION： The findings of the present study indicate that p53 codon 72 arginine homozygous genotype may represent a genetic predisposing factor for colon cancer development. However, further studies are needed in order to elucidate the role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in colorectal cancer.

关键词： p53 codon 72 polymorphism Human papillomavirus, Colorectal cancer

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Clinical characteristics of a group of adults with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia:A single center experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1945-1948页

作者： Alberto Rubio-Tapia Jorge Hernández-Calleros luis Uscanga Sagrario Trinidad-Hernández Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran(INNSZ)Mexico CityMexico Department of Pathology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran(INNSZ)Mexico CityMexico

AIM： To describe the clinical and histological characteristics of a group of adults with small-bowel nodular lymphoid hyperplasia （NLH）. METHODS： Patients were searched for five years in pathology records of our institution. The biopsy material was reassessed using strict histopathological criteria. Clinical data were obtained from medical records. RESULTS： Small-bowel NLH was diagnosed in 18 cases. The female： male ratio was 2 ： 1. The most frequent symptoms were diarrhea （72%）, involuntary weight loss （72%） and abdominal pain （61%）. Nine patients （50%） had immunodeficiency. Small-bowel bacterial overgrowth was found in three （17%） cases. At small-bowel NLH diagnosis, three （17%） had associated lymphoma： two intestinal and one extra-intestinal lymphomas. In two patients with villous atrophy and anti-endomysial antibodies the diagnosis of celiac disease was established. Giardia larnblia infection was found in only one patient with hypogammaglobulinemia （Herman＇s syndrome）. CONCLUSIONS： NLH is uncommon in adult patients. Associated diseases are immunodeficiency and lymphoid tissue malignancies.

关键词： Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia Hypogammaglobulinemia Lymphoma

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Prognosis and follow-up of 135 patients with ischemic colitis over a five-year period

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第44期19卷 8042-8046页

作者： Angel Cosme Miguel Montoro Santos Santolaria Ana B Sanchez-Puertolas Marta Ponce Margarita Durán Jose luis Cabriada Nerea Borda Cristina Sarasqueta luis Bujanda Department of Gastroenterology Hospital de Donostia-Instituto BiodonostiaCentro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU 20014 San Sebastián Spain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital San Jorge22004 Huesca Spain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari La Fé 46026 Valencia Spain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital de Galdakao 48960 Bizcaia Spain Institute Biodonostia CIBEResp 20014 San Sebastián Spain

AIM:To study the prognosis(recurrence and mortality)of patients with ischemic colitis(IC).METHODS:This study was conducted in four Spanish hospitals,participants in the Ischemic Colitis in Spain study We analyzed prospectively 135 consecutive patients who met criteria for definitive or probable IC according to Brandt criteria,and follow up these patients during the next five years,***-term results(recurrence and mortality)were evaluated retrospectively after a median interval of 62 mo(range54-75 mo).RESULTS:Estimated IC recurrence rates were 2.9%,5.1%,8.1%and 9.7%at years 1,2,3 and 5 years,***-year survival was 69%(93 of 135)and 24%(10 of 42 patients)died for causes related to the *** these 10 patients,8 died in their first episode at hospital(4 had gangrenous colitis and 4 fulminant colitis)and 2 due to ***:The five-year recurrence rate of IC was *** the other hand,mortality during follow-up was high and was not associated with ischemic colitis.

关键词： Colonic Ischemic Recurrence Follow-up Mortality

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Somatic second-hit mutations leads to polycystic liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期19卷 141-143页

作者： Jesús M Banales Patricia Munoz-Garrido luis Bujanda Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Donostia Universitary HospitalBiodonostia Research InstituteE-20014 San SebastiánSpain Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases(CIBERehdfunded by the Spanish Carlos III Institute)08036 BarcelonaSpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science48011 BilbaoSpain Spanish Association Against Cancer(AECC) 28040 MadridSpain

Polycystic liver diseases(PCLDs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by the development of multiple fluid-filled cysts in the liver,which derive from cholangiocytes,the epithelial cells lining the bile *** these cysts grow,symptoms such as abdominal distension,nausea,and abdominal pain may *** may exist isolated(i.e.,autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease,ADPLD) or in combination with renal cystogenesis(i.e.,autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and autosomal recessive polycystic liver disease).The exact prevalence of PCLDs is unknown,but is estimated to occur in approximately 1:1000 *** the pathogenesis of each form of PCLD appears to be different,increasing evidences indicate that hepatic cystogenesis is a phenomenon that may involve somatic loss of heterozygosity(LOH) in those pathological conditions inherited in a dominant form.A recent report,using highly sophisticated methodology,demonstrated that ADPLD patients with a germline mutation in the protein kinase C substrate 80K-H(PRKCSH) gene mostly develop hepatic cystogenesis through a second somatic *** hepatocystin,the PRKCSH-encoding protein,was absent in the hepatic cysts with LOH,it was still expressed in the heterozygous *** the other hand,no additional trans-heterozygous mutations on the SEC63 homolog(*** /SEC63) gene(also involved in the development of PCLDs) were *** data indicate that PCLD is recessive at the cellular level,and point out the important role of hepatocystin loss in *** this commentary,we discuss the knowledge regarding the role of somatic second-hit mutations in the development of PCLDs,and the most relevant findings have been highlighted.

关键词： Polycystic liver diseases Cholangiocyte Cystogenesis Loss of heterozygosity Protein kinase C substrate 80K-H SEC63

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How inflammation influences psychiatric disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 342-349页

作者： Eduardo Ferat-Osorio Joséluis Maldonado-García Lenin Pavón División de Investigación Clínica de la Coordinación de Investigación en Salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMexico City 06720Mexico Departamento de Bioquímica Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCoyoacán 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMexico Departamento de Inmunología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalMexico City 11340Mexico Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente MuñizMexico City 14370Mexico

Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric *** this editorial,we comment on the article“Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients”by Zhang et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023;13(11):*** discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety,depression,and psychosis,which are all linked to bacterial,fungal,and viral infections,which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 *** focus specifically on the immune mechanisms triggered by inflammation,the primary contributor to psychiatric ***,pathophysiological mechanisms such as organ damage,post-injury inflammation,and infectioninduced endocrine alterations,including hypocortisolism or autoantibody formation,significantly contribute to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation,promoting the emergence or development of psychiatric alterations in susceptible *** inflammation can have long-term effects on patients,a multidisciplinary treatment plan can avoid complications and debilitating health issues,and it is crucial to recognize and address the mental health implications.

关键词： Inflammation infection Depression Pelvic inflammatory disease Psychiatric complication

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A perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the stomach:An unsuspected diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第4期16卷 522-525页

作者： Cristina Aparecida Troques da Silveira Mitteldorf Dario Birolini luis Heraldo da Camara-Lopes Laboratory of Surgical and Molecular Pathology Hospital Sírio Libanêsrua Dona Adma Jafet 91So PauloSP 01308-050Brazil Department of Surgery of the University of So Paulo Medical School av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 25505403-000 So Paulo SP Brazil Hospital Sírio Libanês rua Dona Adma Jafet 91 So Paulo SP 01308-050 Brazil Genoa Biotechnology S.A. Alameda Ministro Rocha Azevedo 346 1st floor 01410-000So Paulo SP 01308-050 Brazil

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasia and currently well recognized as a distinct entity with characteristic morphological,immunohistochemical and molecular *** report a case of PEComa arising in the antrum of a 71-year-old female with *** tumor,located predominantly in the submucosa as a well delimited nodule,measured 3.0 cm in diameter and was completely resected,with no evidence of the disease ***,it was composed predominantly of eosinophilic epithelioid cells arranged in small nests commonly related to variably sized vessels,with abundant extracellular material,moderate nuclear variation and discrete mitotic *** necrosis,angiolymphatic invasion or perineural infil-tration was *** cells were uniformly positive for vimentin,smooth muscle actin,desmin and melan *** unusual,PEComa should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric neoplasia with characteristic epithelioid and oncocytic features and prominent vasculature.

关键词： Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor Stomach Gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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