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Skin Delivery of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulphates—A Perspective on the Conservative Treatment for Osteoarthritis of the Knee

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第4期5卷 11-20页

作者： Cláudia Batista Siqueira Leite Janaína Moreira Coelho luis alexandre muehlmann Ricardo Bentes de Azevedo Marcelo Henrique Sousa Institute of Biological Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Faculty of Ceilandia University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Department of Genetics and Morphology Institute of Biological Sciences University of Brasília Brasília Brazil

Based upon a series of research studies, scientific organizations considered Glucosamine and Chondroitin “not appropriate” as osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee modifying drugs and uncertain as pain relievers. Research studies which served as foundation for the aforementioned conclusions focused on the oral use of the substances. On the other hand, studies recommend that topical administration in treating OA be considered first line therapy, since it is said to be advantageous for its efficacy in treating localized situations, as it allows greater local concentration and it results in smaller systemic effects. Studies found did not provide sufficient evidence for good development and application strategies and were not enough to prove the technique to be effective or non-effective. Several other aspects must be clarified. In order to enhance permeation and delivery of Glucosamine and Chondroitin to knee joint, combining the advantages of intravenous infusion therapy with the convenience of oral administration, the suggested course of action is to transform skin delivery technology, while clarifying other points discussed throughout this research study.

关键词： Osteoarthritis of the Knee Glucosamine Chondroitin Skin Delivery Nanotechnology

Pharmaceutical applications of spouted beds: A review on solid dosage forms

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 126-136页

作者： luis alexandre Pedro de Freitas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloVia do Cafe s/n. Campus USPRibeirao Preto14040-903Sao Paulo. Brazil

Spouted beds (SBs) have a long history of successful applications for preparation of solid dosage forms of pharmaceuticals. The well-known versatility of SBs, provided by different design and operational factors, and their efficient mixing of solids allow for engineering of technological characteristics of pharmaceutical solid forms. Particle properties like morphology, size, porosity, flowability, and dissolution rate can be improved by managing geometric and operational conditions for spouting. Drying is probably the most disseminated operation for pharmaceutical processing in SBs, and many studies have investigated drying of medicinal plant extracts such as achiote (Bixa orellana sp.), guarana (Paullinia cupana sp.), passion flower (Passiflora alata D.), and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) with excellent pharmacotechnical and stability results. Another important application is coating of tablets and gelatin capsules, and previous studies have shown that SBs and spout–fluid beds may be advantageous over traditional pan coating, especially for polymeric film coating. Recently, an alternative process for improving drug bioavailability has involved preparation of β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in SBs. The first study to propose SBs for this pharmaceutical application explored the advantage of obtaining solid forms of inclusion complexes in just one step, and obtained expressive increases in drug solubility. The technique has been applied in subsequent studies on inclusion complexes of the medication carvedilol and uxi (Endopleura uchi L.) extracts.

关键词： Coating Drying Granulation Inclusion Microencapsulation

Dealing with Multisource Information for Estuarine Flood Risk Appraisal in Two Western European Coastal Areas

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第2期13卷 199-213页

作者： Ana Rodrigues Rilo alexandre Manuel de Oliveira Soares Tavares Paula Maria dos Santos Freire José luis Zêzere Estuarine and Coastal Zones Unit LNEC-National Civil Engineering Laboratory.1700-075 LisbonPortugal Centre of Geographical Studies Institute of Geography and Spatial PlanningUniversidade de Lisboa1700-066 LisbonPortugal Centre for Social Studies and Earth Sciences Department Coimbra University3030-790 CoimbraPortugal

Estuaries are usually affected by compound flooding triggers that cause diverse territorial *** fluvial flood risk assessment frameworks are well established in the literature,integrated management instruments that deal with estuarine flood risk remain incomplete and often *** research presents a methodology to extract relevant information from multiple sources post-event and a database building process that is applied to two contrasting estuaries(the Tagus River estuary in Portugal,and the Shannon River estuary in Ireland)in the Western European coastal ***,a total of 274 documents were analyzed and the information was stored in two *** correspondence analysis was applied to extract the most informative and relevant estuarine flood *** integrated estuarine flood risk assessment framework is presented and discussed based on the extracted *** framework is driven by two distinct dimensions(oceanic and hydrographic)and revealed the transversal position of triggers of estuarine floods,reflecting the compounding effects usually present in these *** results also highlight two levels of flood risk mostly based on damage typology.

关键词： Estuarine floods Estuarine flood indicators Multiple correspondence analysis Post-hazard multisource information Western Europe

Feasibility Study for Power Generation during Peak Hours with a Hybrid System in a Recycled Paper Mill

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2013年第2期2卷 43-53页

作者： Adriano Beluco Clodomiro P.Colvara luis E.Teixeira alexandre Beluco Universidade Ritter dos Reis Porto AlegreBrazil Genesys Participacoes Ltd. Porto AlegreBrazil Institution Pesquisas Hidráulicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil

The differential pricing for peak hours encourages industrial consumers to look for independent power supplies for the period from 19 to 22 hours. This paper presents a study to identify the optimal solution for a recycled paper mill that also intends to work in that period. The factory is located in Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, and considers the use of a diesel gen set, a micro hydro power plant and possibly PV modules. Two micro hydro power plants were considered in the study, an old plant to be renewed and another to be fully implemented. The software Homer was used as a tool to determine the most feasible combination of components considered in the study. The sale of surplus power to the energy system appears as a key to viability of alternatives that are not based solely on diesel generators. The optimal solution consists of a combination of diesel generators and micro hydro power plant, in one case, and only on hydroelectric power plant in another, with a significant penetration of PV modules if its cost is reduced to 12% of the current price, selling an amount of energy equal to that which is bought. The annual water availability in one of the sites requires diesel supplement, while the other, more abundant, this supplement is not necessary.

关键词： Hybrid Energy Systems Micro Hydro Power PV Modules Energetic Complementarity Feasibility Study Computational Simulation Software Homer

Feasibility Study of a Hydro PV Hybrid System Operating at a Dam for Water Supply in Southern Brazil

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第9期3卷 70-83页

作者： luis E.Teixeira Johan Caux alexandre Beluco Ivo Bertoldo JoséAntonio S.Louzada Ricardo C.Eifler Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil Ecole Nationale Superieure de l’Energie l’Eau et l’EnvironnementGrenoble INPGrenobleFrance Companhia Riograndense de Saneamento Santa MariaBrazil Companhia Estadual de Energia Elétrica Salto do JacuíBrazil

Dams for water supply usually represent an untapped hydroelectric potential. It is a small energetic potential, in most situations, usually requiring a particular solution to be viable. The use of pumps as power turbines often represents an alternative that enables the power generation in hydraulic structures already in operation, as is the case of dams in water supply systems. This potential can be exploited in conjunction with the implementation of PV modules on the water surface, installed on floating structures, both operating in a hydro PV hybrid system. The floating structure can also contribute to reducing the evaporation of water and providing a small increase in hydroelectric power available. This paper presents a pre-feasibility study for implementation of a hydroelectric power plant and PV modules on floating structures in the reservoir formed by the dam of Val de Serra, in southern Brazil. The dam is operated to provide drinking water to about 60% of the population of the city of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil. The pre-feasibility study conducted with Homer software, version Legacy, indicated that the hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 227 kW can operate together with 60 kW of PV modules. This combination will result (in one of the configurations considered) in an initial cost of USD$ 1715.83 per kW installed and a cost of energy of USD$ 0.059/kWh.

关键词： Hydro PV Hybrid System PV Floating Cover Water Supply Dam Software Homer

Multicentric Cervical Paraganglioma. Rare Case of Five Locations in One Patient. Case Report and Literature Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第2期3卷 82-88页

作者： José Francisco de Sales Chagas Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal José luis Braga de Aquino luis Antonio Brandi Filho Fernanda Fruet Douglas alexandre Rizzanti Pereira Amilcar de Castro Matos Thalita Ruba Fernanda Callegari Department of Pathology School of Medicine Catholic Uni-versity of Campinas Campinas Brazil Head and Neck Service School of Medicine Catholic University of Campinas Campinas Brazil School of Medicine Catholic University of Campinas Cam-pinas Brazil

Objective: To report a case of a multiple paraganglioma with 5 concurrent locations and also describe a complication not found in the literature, spontaneous tumor bleeding. Introduction: The paragangliomas are mostly benign and more frequent in women. Can be multiple, and these are considered as the most likely source of familial origin (30%-35%). The multicentric lesions can occur at different life stages not being necessarily simultaneous, a fact that prevents image exam research to be conclusive for tumor presence or absence. In this way the examination of the family members of patients, specially young ones, diagnosed with multicentric tumors may lead to negative results which doesn’t meant that the disease can be developed at a later time period. Therefore routine examination is not justifiable when symptoms relative to tumor presence are not present. Case report: A female patient of 32 years old complaining of tinnitus and diagnosed with five paragangliomas (jugulo-timpanic, bilateral carotid body and bilateral brachiocephalic trunk) through imaging studies. She reported suffering relatives of paragangliomas. Conclusion: The paper reports a rare case and perhaps unique in the literature, multiple paraganglioma with five locations and discusses difficult choice of treatment and complications.

关键词： Glomus Tumor Paraganglioma Glomus Jugulare Carotid Body Tumor Postoperative Complications

Malignant Graves’Ophthalmopathy

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第2期3卷 71-74页

作者： Jose Francisco de Salles Chagas Jose luis Braga de Aquino Maria Beatriz Nogueira Paschoal luis Antonio Brandi Filho Fernanda Fruet Douglas alexandre Rizzanti Pereira Fernanda Garcia Callegari Thalita dos Reis Ruba Service of Head and Neck Surgery Beneficiencia Portuguesa de Sao PauloMedical SchoolCatholic University of CampinasCampinasBrazil

Introduction: One of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease. The malignant exophthalmos is a rare condition characterized by the loss of visual function that doesn’t adequately respond to various forms of treatment, requiring, in most cases, surgical correction. Objective: We report a case of conjunctival edema and protrusion of the eyeball in patients secondary to Graves’ disease, characterizing malignant ophthalmopathy and discuss their surgical treatment. Case Report: A 73-year-old male patient presenting bilateral conjunctive hyperaemia, decreased visual acuity, exophtalmos with progressive deterioration. Pulse therapy was performed without improvement and then underwent bilateral ethmoidectomy. Discussion: Late diagnosis is harmful due to the fact that malignant disease is extremely aggressive and fast, as reported in this case. Most often, the ophthalmopathy follows a relatively mild and self-limiting course, making a proper diagnosis difficult if the disease progresses. In extreme cases acute orbital decompression is indicated complementing appropriate medical treatment, which will allow herniation of orbital contents. Many orbital decompression techniques have been used in the treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. The most common of these is the endoscopic sinus surgery which potentiated act in decompression of the medial wall safely and minimally invasive. In our case, open bilateral ethmoidectomy was used, due to the fact that surgeons are most experienced in this technique. Although the post-operative has been successfully submitted, no signs of recurrence were observed after fifteen days due to the evolution of Graves’ disease. Even with outpatient treatment, he walked to the total visual loss. Conclusion: We observed that the malignant ophthalmopathy is rare and aggressive;however, in spite of therapeutic resources used, it can progress to total visual loss.

关键词： Malignant Exophthalmos Ethmoidectomy Hyperthyroidism

Influence of Prenatal and Postnatal Stress on the Sexual Behavior of Rats

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2016年第2期6卷 109-113页

作者： Lílian Rose Maia Gomes luis alexandre Ribeiro da Rocha Sonia Maria Soares Ferreira Renata Sampaio Rodrigues Soutinho Euclides Maurício Trindade-Filho Department of Physiology Alagoas State University of Health Sciences Maceió Brazil Department of Stomatology and Surgery School of Dentistry CESMAC University Center Maceió Brazil College of Biological and Health Sciences CESMAC University Center Maceió Brazil

Objective: To evaluate the effects of prenatal and postnatal stress on the sexual behavior of rats. Methods: Thirty-two 2-month-old male Wistar rats were divided as follows: the EG Group (comprised of 10 rats whose mothers underwent gestational stress), the EO Group (11 rats subjected to postnatal stress), and the SE Group (control group, comprised of 11 animals that went through no stress whatsoever). Upon reaching adulthood, these male rates were introduced to females and had their sexual behavior assessed based on the number of mounts. Results: The animals from the EP Group showed significantly fewer mounts (74 ± 24.77, p < 0.05) when compared to those from the EG (108.9 ± 35.27) and SE (99.6 ± 20.76) Groups. Conclusion: The rats that underwent stress during the first days of life mated fewer times than those whose mothers were subjected to stress during pregnancy. The latter had their sexual behavior unaltered.

关键词： Sexual Behavior Stress Rat

NiWO4 powders prepared via polymeric precursor method for application as ceramic luminescent pigments

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2020年第1期9卷 55-63页

作者： Naiara A.LIMA Lorena D.S.ALENCAR Máximo SIU-LI Carlos A.C.FEITOSA alexandre MESQUITA Jean-Claude M’PEKO Maria I.B.BERNARDI Instituto de Física de Sao Carlos Universidade de Sao Paulo13560-970 Sao CarlosSPBrazil Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul IFMS79200-000 AquidauanaMSBrazil Departamento de Física Centro de Ciências Exatas e TecnologiaUniversidade Federal do MaranhaoUFMA65080-805Sao LuisMABrazil Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Estadual Paulista13506-900Rio ClaroSPBrazil

Ni WO4 was prepared using the polymeric precursor method and studied in terms of physical and chemical properties to verify its stability for industrial applications as *** characterization was accomplished using thermal analyses,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),photoluminescence(PL)and UV–Vis spectroscopies,colorimetric coordinates,and Raman *** the temperature,successive exothermic reactions were observed and they are related with thermal decomposition of the organic *** stability was reached at^700℃.The material is verified to become completely free of second phase at^800℃.The end Ni WO4 powders showed an intense charge transfer(CT)-related tail centered in the ultraviolet region,resulting in a yellow *** addition,the powders exhibited broad excitation band and broad deep blue–green emission band,which were enhanced with increasing powders’crystallinity.

关键词： nickel tungstate yellow pigment colorimetric coordinate optical property structural characterization