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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Anacardium occidentale L. Flowers in Comparison to Bark and Leaves Extracts

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第4期4卷 87-99页

作者： Rubenice Amaral da Silva Silvana Amado Liberio Flavia M. M. do Amaral Flavia Raquel Fernandes do Nascimento luce maria brandão torres Valério Monteiro Neto Rosane Nassar Meireles Guerra Laboratory of Immunophysiology Universidade Federal do Maranhao Campus do Bacanga Sao Luis Brazil Instituto Botanico de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Departament of Pathology Universidade Federal do Maranhao Sao Luis Brazil Universidade Ceuma Sao Luís Brazil

Anacardium occidentale L., Anacardiaceae, is frequently used to treat infections. We evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from aerial parts of the plant in comparison with the extract prepared with the flowers. Ethanol extracts of the leaves (EEL), stem bark (EEB), and flowers (EEF) were prepared separately. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. The minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were determined against: Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella choleraesuis, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated based on their scavenger capacity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle. The phytochemical profile was analyzed by colorimetric methods and by HPLC with UV detection. All extracts exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Although, the EEF was the most effective since it inhibited the growth of all 14 microorganisms tested. Anacardic and galic acids were identified in all extracts as well phenolic compounds, triterpenes, flavones and xanthones. In conclusion, the extracts obtained from the aerial parts of A. occidentale, mainly the extract of flowers that was the most effective, are rich in bioactive metabolites that exert a potent antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. Taken together, the results indicate an important biotechnological potential of A. occidentale as a source of compounds with broad-spectrum antimicrobial and of antioxidant activity to be used in the food and cosmetics industry.

关键词： Anacardium occidentale Antimicrobial Agents Flowers Cashew Caju Antioxidant

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Potential Antioxidant of Bidens segetum Mart. ex Colla (Asteraceae) in Melanocyte and Melanoma Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第12期7卷 112-125页

作者： Simone Dias Franco Marcelo Jose Pena Ferreira Fabiana Henriques Machado de Melo Jaqueline Pereira Moura Soares luce maria brandao torres Nucleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquimica Instituto de BotanicaSao PauloBrazil Departamento de Botanica Instituto de BiocienciasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas da Santa Casa de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Bidens segetum Martius ex Colla known as the “picão do mato”, is an herbaceous plant that occurs in the Cerrado biome of some Brazilian states. Among the species of Bidens, we highlight B. pilosa known as “picão preto”, of which several activities are reported as antioxidant and antibacterial. Ethanolic extract from Bidens segetum (EEBs) showed an-tioxidant potential when analyzed by free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporiodes and C. sphareospermum fungi. PFFR3.3 subfraction from EEBs has 81.5% of 5-o caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) and potential antioxidant (DPPH). However, PFFR3.3 did not decrease superoxide anion in metastatic melanoma cells by dihydroeth-idium assay (DHE). PP4 subfraction is a mixture of polyacetylenes that has antifungal (Cladosporium) and antioxidant activity, since reduced superoxide anion amount in melanoma cells after 5 min of treatment. However, no dose-response and time-response curve were observed, not even with the authentic standard (5-CQA). Complementary chemical studies will be performed to confirm the polyacetylenes and 5-CQA structures present in the EEBs from B. segetum and new methodologies should be performed to confirm the antioxidant activity of these com-pounds and the effects on melanocytes and melanomas.

关键词： Asteraceae Antioxidants Melanoma Melanocytes Polyacetylenes Chlorogenic Acid

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The Effect of Various Polynaphthalene Sulfonate Based Superplasticizers on the Workability of Reactive Powder Concrete

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Journal of Building Material Science 2020年第1期2卷 24-29页

作者： Anthony torres Federico Aguayo Srinivas Allena Michael Ellis Texas State University San MarcosTX78666 Cleveland State University Cleveland44115

A superplasticizer is a type of chemical admixture used to alter the workability(viscosity)of fresh *** workability of fresh concrete is often of particular importance when the water-to-cement(w/c)ratio is low and a particular workability is *** Powder Concrete(RPC)is a high-strength concrete formulated to provide compressive strengths exceeding 130MPa and made of primarily *** materials typically have a very low w/c,which requires the use of a chemical admixture in order to create a material that is easier to place,handle and *** are commonly used for this *** are developed from different formulations,the most common being Polycarboxylate Ether(PCE),Polymelamine Sulfonate(PMS),and Polynaphthalene Sulfonate(PNS).This study investigates the effect of various PNS based superplasticizers on the rheological performance and mechanical(compressive strength)performance of a RPC *** distinctive types of PNS based superplasticizers were used;three of various compositional strengths(high,medium,low range)from a local provider,and three of the same compositional strengths(high,medium,low)from a leading *** properties investigated were the individual superplasticizers’viscosity,the concrete workability,determined through a mortar spread test,the concrete viscosity,and the compressive strength of the hardened RPC mixtures measured at 7,14,and 28 *** separate RPC mixtures were prepared,which contained two different water-to-cementitious ratios,which consequently increases the dosage of superplasticizer needed,from 34.8L/m3 to 44.7L/*** results show that the name brand high range composition produced the overall highest spread,lowest viscosity,and a highest compressive ***,the local provider outperformed the name brand in the mid and low range ***,the rheology assessment also confirmed that the name brand high range,and RPC fabricated with the n

关键词： Reactive powder concrete Ultra high strength concrete Superplasticizer Workability

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