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Laser additive manufacturing of Zn porous scaffolds: Shielding gas flow, surface quality and densification

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第2期35卷 368-376页

作者： Peng Wen Yu Qin Yanzhe Chen Maximilian Voshage lucas jauer Reinhart Poprawe Johannes Henrich Schleifenbaum The State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology MOE Tsinghua University Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Digital Additive Production (DAP) RWTH Aachen University Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT)

Zn based metals have exhibited promising prospects as a structural material for biodegradable applications. Pure Zn porous scaffolds were produced by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) based on data files of designing and CT scanning. Massive Zn evaporation during laser melting largely influenced the formation quality during LPBF of Zn metal. The metal vapor in processing chamber was blown off and suctioned out efficiently by an optimized gas circulation system. Numerical analysis was used to design and testify the performance of gas flow. The surface of scaffolds was covered with numerous particles in different sizes. Processing pores occurred near the outline contour of struts. The average grain size in width was8.5m, and the hardness was 43.8 HV. Chemical plus electrochemical polishing obtained uniform and smooth surface without processing pores, but the diameter of struts reduced to 250 αm from the design value 300 m. The poor surface quality and processing pores were resulted by the splashing particles included spatters and powders due to the recoil force of evaporation, and the horizontal movement of liquid metal due to overheating and wetting. The insufficient melting at the outline contour combined with good wetting of Zn liquid metal further increased the surface roughness and processing pores.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Powder bed fusion Laser Porous scaffold Zn

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Physiological Performance of Common Bean Seeds Treated with Bioactivator with and without Moisture Restriction

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第26期5卷 3769-3776页

作者： Andréia da Silva Almeida Francisco Amaral Villela Villela Geri Eduardo Meneghello Cristiane Deuner Lilian Madruga de Tunes Paulo Dejalma Zimmer Adilson jauer PPG em Ciência e Tecnologia de Sementes Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Syngenta Crop Protection Pelotas Brasil

The commonbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important agricultural crop due to its nutritional properties. Insecticides and fungicides employed to control pests and diseases in the common bean may cause as yet unknown effects on the plant’s morphology and metabolism. Bioactivators are complex organic substances, capable of exerting modification upon growth patterns, plant DNA transcription, gene expression, metabolic enzymes and mineral nutrition. Thiamethoxam insecticide has shown positive action on the enhancement of vigor expression, phytomass accretion and the promotion of deeper root systems. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of thiamethoxam on the physiological performance of common bean seeds. Seeds from cultivars Pérola and IAPAR Siriri were treated to thiamethoxam concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mL·kg-1 seed. Physiological quality was measured through tests for germination value, first count, cold test, accelerated aging and seedling shoot and root lengths, all undertaken in the presence and absence of moisture stress. Thiamethoxam stimulated the physiological performance of common bean seeds under moisture stress or in the absence of it, with levels varying according to cultivar and seed lot. The best physiological seed performance was obtained within the range of 200 mL·kg-1 seed to 400 mL·kg-1 seed.

关键词： Phaseolus vulgaris L. Bioactivator Seeds Vigor

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Physiological Performance of Rice Seeds Treated to Thiamethoxam and Placed under Storage

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第26期5卷 3788-3795页

作者： Andreia da Siva Almeida Cristiane Deuner Carolina Terra Borges Adilson jauer Geri Eduardo Meneghello Lilian Madruga de Tunes Francisco Amaral Villela Paulo Dejalma Zimmer PPG em Ciência e Tecnologia de Sementes Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Syngenta Crop Protection Pelotas Brasil

High-yielding crops can only achieve their potential when the appropriate technological tools are applied and weather conditions do not impose restrictions. One such technological tool is the treatment of seeds, in which different products are used and, in some cases, cause little-known effects capable of modifying the plant’s metabolism and/or its morphology. The insecticide thiamethoxam alters the plant’s physiology and morphology, accelerating its development, thus enhancing its vigor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of thiamethoxam on the physiological performance of rice seeds during storage. The research was conducted in a green-house and at the laboratory of the Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agronomy Eliseu Maciel —UFPel (Federal University of Pelotas). Rice seeds from cultivars INIA Olimar and El Paso L144 were treated to a commercial product containing 350 grams of active ingredient thiamethoxam at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 g per 100 kg of seed. Seeds were tested for physiological quality immediately after being treated (check treatment) and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months under storage, through germination test, cold test, accelerated aging and greenhouse emergence test. The concentration range from 200 to 400 g a.i. 100 kg-1 seed yielded the highest germination and seed vigor values for both rice cultivars during the storage period.

关键词： Oryza sativa (L.) Bioactivator Vigor Seed Viability

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Hybrid Rice Seed Treatment with Pesticides Improves Its Physiological Quality and Performance

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第14期6卷 2405-2411页

作者： Andréia da Silva Almeida César Iván Suárez Castellanos Cristiane Deuner Adilson jauer Thais Ongaratto de Camargo Cristian Troyjack Geri Eduardo Meneglhelo Francisco Amaral Villela Paulo Dejalma Zimmer Lilian Madruga de Tunes PPG em Ciência e Tecnologia de Sementes Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Syngenta Crop Protection Pelotas Brazil

Pathogens in the soil or transmitted by seeds can reduce the stand of plants, affecting the yield of the crop. Furthermore, in the case of rice, the low temperature is a limiting factor in culture. The treatment of seeds with insecticides is an alternative to reduce the damage caused by pests incidents during the early stages of plant development and in some cases, may assist in the germination of seeds exposed to low temperatures. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of seed treatment with insecticides in the physiological quality and yield of hybrid rice seeds, cv. Inov CL. For this, three experiments were conducted with treated seeds in different doses of thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin and fipronil totaling seven treatments, including the control (no product). In the first experiment, it was determined seed germination to 10°C, 13°C, 16°C, 20°C and 25°C. In the second experiment, it was assessed seed vigor through accelerated aging, cold test and emergency field. The third experiment was carried out into the field to observe the number of panicles m-2 and crop yield. It is concluded that treatment of hybrid rice seeds, cv. Inov CL with thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin and fipronil increases the germination percentage of seed and early seedling performance. Treatment of hybrid rice seeds, cv. Inov CL with thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin provides greater germination and early seedling performance compared to treatment with fipronil. Treatment of hybrid rice seeds, cv. Inov CL with thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin in dosages of 500 mL 100 kg-11 of seeds or 500 mL 45 kg-1 of seeds increases grain yield.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. Vigor Yield Potential

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