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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i neurobiologia(UHneurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75nTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the n-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Larval development and voracity of Eupeodes americanus (Diptera: Syrphidae): comparison of the focal prey Aphis gossypi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the banker prey Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 575-586页

作者： Arlette Fauteux Antonio Onofre Soares Eric lucas Laboratoire de lutte biologique Departement des sciences biologiquesUniversite du Quebec a Montreal(UQAM)MontrealQuebecCanada Faculty of Science and Technology Center for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesAzorean Biodiversity Group(cE3c-ABG)&CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstitutePonta DelgadaPortugal

Unlike European species,the potential of nearctic syrphids as biological control agents is still poorly ***,the American hoverfly,Eupeodes americanus(Wiedemann),has recently demonstrated promising traits as a biocontrol agent,notably against the foxglove aphid,Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach,on *** present study aims to extend our knowledge of the American hoverfly by evaluating its potential as a biocontrol agent in a banker plant system against the melon aphid,Aphis gossypi Glover,in a greenhouse cucumber *** preimaginal development and voracity of *** were compared when preying upon the focal prey/pest(***)or the banker prey(bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi L.)by daily observations of larvae from egg to *** development time,survival rate,and occurrence of deformation were similar on both prey *** weight of third instar and pupae,however,was higher for larvae that fed on the banker *** ad libitum voracity of the syrphid larvae was generally very high and did not significantly differ between prey species,except for the third-instar larvae which consumed more focal *** suggest that a banker plant system involving the bird cherry-oat aphid may be a promising tactic for utilizing *** for melon aphid biocontrol.

关键词： american hoverfly banker plant system biological control bird cherry-oat aphid greenhouse cucumber melon aphid

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Targeted cytokine delivery:cell therapy to remodel the pre-metastatic niche

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第8期6卷 2278-2279页

作者： Michael A.Morgan lucas Lange Axel Schambach Institute of Experimental Hematology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Division of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Tumor metastases present an often difficult to treat therapeutic challenge for cancer patients and their *** recent paper by the Kaplan group(Kaczanowska et al.)exploited the natural capacity of monocytes or a subset of monocytes to migrate to tumor sites and pre-metastatic niches to deliver IL-12 in a novel anticancer approach designed to stimulate local immune responses.1 This raises the possibility to simultaneously fight cancer on at least two critical fronts,(1)elimination of the primary tumor and(2)inhibition of newly developing pre-metastatic lesions.

关键词： metastatic cytokine migrate

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Phloem-Mobile AuxlIAA Transcripts Target to the Root Tip and Modify Root Architecture

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第10期54卷 760-772页

作者： Michitaka notaguchi Shmuel Wolf William J.lucas Department of Plant Biology College of Biological SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA JST ERATO Higashiyama Live-Holonics Project Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoyaauAichi 464-8602Japan The Robert H.Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture and the Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology The Hebrew University of JerusalemThe Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentRehovot 76100Israel

In plants, the phloem is the component of the vascular system that delivers nutrients and transmits signals from mature leaves to developing sink tissues. Recent studies have identified proteins, mRnA, and small RnA within the phloem sap of several plant species. It is now of considerable interest to elucidate the biological functions of these potential long-distance signal agents, to further our understanding of how plants coordinate their developmental programs at the whole-plant level. In this study, we developed a strategy for the functional analysis of phloem-mobile mRnA by focusing on IAA transcripts, whose mobility has previously been reported in melon （Cucumis melo cv. Hale＇s Best Jumbo）. Indoleacetic acid （IAA） proteins are key transcriptional regulators of auxin signaling, and are involved in a broad range of developmental processes including root development. We used a combination of vasculature-enriched sampling and hetero-grafting techniques to identify IAA18 and IAA28 as phloemmobile transcripts in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Micro-grafting experiments were used to confirm that these IAA transcripts, which are generated in vascular tissues of mature leaves, are then transported into the root system where they negatively regulate lateral root formation. Based on these findings, we present a model in which auxin distribution, in combination with phloem-mobile Aux/IAA transcripts, can determine the sites of auxin action.

关键词： Arabidopsis AUX/IAA lateral root development grafting phloem-mobile transcript.

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H-atom Dissociation Channels in Ultraviolet Photochemistry of m-Pyridyl Radical

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2014年第6期27卷 621-627,I0003页

作者： Michael lucas Jasmine Minor 张劲松 Christopher Brazier 美国加州大学河滨分校化学系河滨92521 美国加州州立大学长滩分校化学和生物化学系长滩90840 美国加州大学河滨分校空气污染研究中心河滨92521

The H atom production channels in the ultraviolet （UV） photochemistry of m-pyridyl radical （m-C5H4n） were investigated at excitation wavelengths from 224 nm to 248 nm by high-n Rydberg atom time-of-flight （HRTOF） technique. The photofragment yield （PFY） spectrum of the H atoms indicates a broad UV absorption feature near 234 nm. The product kinetic energy release is small; the average product kinetic energy at the wavelengths from 224 nm to 248 nm is 0.12 to 0.19 of the maximum excess energy （assuming the lowest energy product channel, H＋cyanovinylacetylene）. The product kinetic energy distributions are consistent with the H cyanovinylacetylene, H 3,4-pyridyne, and H 2,3-pyridyne product channels, with H cyanovinylacetylene as the main H-loss channel. The angular distributions of the H-atom products are isotropic. After the UV electronic excitation, the m-pyridyl radical undergoes internal conversion to the ground electronic state and then unimolecular dissoci-ation to the H cyanovinylacetylene, H 3,4-pyridyne, and H 2,3-pyridyne products. The dissociation mechanism of the m-pyridyl radical is similar to that of the o-pyridyl radical reported in the early study.

关键词： Photolysis Photofragment Pyridyl Pyridine Decomposition Excited state

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Dry reforming of methane on doped ni nanoparticles:Featureassisted optimizations and ranking of doping metals for direct activations of CH_(4) and CO_(2)

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nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 9670-9682页

作者： Shiru Lin Jean-Baptiste Tristan Yang Wang Junwei lucas Bao Department of Chemistry Boston CollegeChestnut HillMassachusetts 02467USA Department of Computer Science Boston CollegeChestnut HillMassachusetts 02467USA

As a vital energy resource and raw material for many industrial products,syngas(CO and H_(2))is of great *** reforming of methane(DRM)is an important approach to producing syngas(with a hydrogen-to-carbon-monoxide ratio of 1:1 in principle)from methane and carbon dioxide,with a lower operational cost as compared to other reforming ***,many pure metallic catalysts used in DRM face deactivation issues due to coke formation or sintering of the metal particles.A systematic search for highly efficient metallic catalysts,which reduce the reaction barriers for the rate-determining steps and resist carbon deposition,is urgently *** is a typical low-cost transition metal for activating the C–H bond in *** this work,we applied a two-step workflow to search for nickel-based bimetallic catalysts with doping metals M(M-ni)by combining density functional theory(DFT)calculations and machine learning(ML).We focus on the two critical steps in DRM—CH_(4) and CO_(2) direct *** used DFT and slab models for the ni(111)facet to explore the relevant reaction pathways and constructed a data set containing structural and energetic information for representative M-ni *** used this dataset to train ML models with chemical-knowledge-based features and predicted CH_(4) and CO_(2) dissociation energies and barriers,which revealed the composition–activity relationships of the bimetallic *** also used these models to rank the predicted catalytic performance of candidate systems to demonstrate the applicability of ML for catalyst *** emphasized that ML ranking models would be more valuable than regression models in high-throughput ***,we used our trained model to screen 12 unexplored M-ni systems and showed that the DFT-computed energies and barriers are very close to the ML-predicted values for top candidates,validating the robustness of the trained model.

关键词： ni-based bimetallic catalysts dry reforming of methane syngas production CH_(4)and CO_(2)direct activations ranking model

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MicroRnA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第1期8卷 18-29页

作者： yasmin g hernandez aimee l lucas department of internal medicine icahn school of medicine at mount sinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States henry janowitz division of gastroenterology icahn school of medicine at mount sinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is the 4^(th) deadliest cancer in the United States, due to its aggressive nature, late detection, and resistance to chemotherapy. The majority of PDAC develops from 3 precursor lesions, pancreatic intraepithelial lesions(PanIn), intraductual papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMn), and mucinous cystic neoplasm. Early detection and surgical resection can increase PDAC 5-year survival rate from 6% for Stage Ⅳ to 50% for Stage Ⅰ. To date, there are no reliable biomarkers that can detect PDAC. MicroRnAs(miRnA) are small noncoding RnAs(18-25 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression by affecting translation of messenger RnA(mRnA). A large body of evidence suggests that miRnAs are dysregulated in various types of cancers. MiRnA has been profiled as a potential biomarker in pancreatic tumor tissue, blood, cyst fluid, stool, and saliva. Four mi RnA biomarkers(miR-21, miR-155, miR-196, and miR-210) have been consistently dysregulated in PDAC. MiR-21, miR-155, and miR-196 have also been dysregulated in IPMn and PanIn lesions suggesting their use as early biomarkers of this disease. In this review, we explore current knowledge of miRnA sampling, miR nA dysregulation in PDAC and its precursor lesions, and advances that have been made in using miRnA as a biomarker for PDAC and its precursor lesions.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer MicroRnA Biomarkers Pancreatic intraepithelial lesions Intraductal papillarymucinous neoplasm

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Determinants of the Specif icity of Protein Targeting to Chloroplasts or Mitochondria

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Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 893-895页

作者： lucas McKinnon Steven M.Theg Department of Plant Biology University of California Davis Davis CA USA

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are both thought to have arisen through primary endosymbiosis (Kutschera and niklas, 2005). As each organelle evolved, most of its genome was transferred to the host nucleus resulting in the vast majority of its proteome being nuclear encoded and synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes (Shi and Theg, 2013).

关键词： Chloroplasts Mitochondria

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End-Triassic nonmarine biotic events

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2015年第4期4卷 331-348页

作者： Spencer G.lucas Lawrence H.Tanner new Mexico Museum of natural History Department of Biological Sciences Le Moyne College

The Late Triassic was a prolonged interval of elevated extinction rates and low origination rates that manifested themselves in a series of extinctions during Carnian, norian and Rhaetian time. Most of these extinctions took place in the marine realm, particularly affecting radiolarians, conodonts, bivalves, ammonoids and reef-building organisms. On land, the case for a Late Triassic mass extinction is much more tenuous and has largely focused on tetrapod vertebrates（amphibians and reptiles）, though some workers advocate a sudden endTriassic（TJB） extinction of land plants. nevertheless, an extensive literature does not identify a major extinction of land plants at the TJB, and a comprehensive review of palynological records concluded that TJB vegetation changes were non-uniform（different changes in different places）, not synchronous and not indicative of a mass extinction of land plants. Claims of a substantial perturbation of plant ecology and diversity at the TJB in East Greenland are indicative of a local change in the paleoflora largely driven by lithofacies changes resulting in changing taphonomic filters. Plant extinctions at the TJB were palaeogeographically localized events, not global in extent. With new and more detailed stratigraphic data, the perceived TJB tetrapod extinction is mostly an artifact of coarse temporal resolution, the compiled correlation effect. The amphibian, archosaur and synapsid extinctions of the Late Triassic are not concentrated at the TJB, but instead occur stepwise, beginning in the norian and extending into the Hettangian. There was a disruption of the terrestrial ecosystem across the TJB, but it was more modest than generally claimed. The ecological severity of the end-Triassic nonmarine biotic events are relatively low on the global scale. Biotic turnover at the end of the Triassic was likely driven by the CAMP（Central Atlantic Magmatic Province） eruptions, which caused significant environmental perturbations（cooling, warming,

关键词： Triassic-Jurassic boundary mass extinction land plants East Greenland tetrapods newark Supergroup CAMP volcanism

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Paleosols of the upper Paleozoic Sangre de Cristo Formation,north-central new Mexico:Record of early Permian palaeoclimate in tropical Pangaea

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2017年第2期6卷 144-161页

作者： Lawrence H. Tanner Spencer G. lucas Department of Biological Sciences Le Moyne CollegeSyracuseNY 13214USA new Mexico Museum of natural History 1801 Mountain Road N.W.AlbuquerqueNM 87014USA

The lower Permian(Wolfcampian) Sangre de Cristo Formation of northern new Mexico consists of silty mudstones and laterally discontinuous sandstones deposited on an aggrading alluvial ***,mudstones display a variety of pedogenic *** mudstone fabrics vary from platy to prismatic;some beds display prominent pedogenic ***-colored root traces are common throughout the section,as are calcareous nodules,which vary from small bodies with diffuse boundaries to vertically stacked,discrete,cm-scale nodules(rhizocretions),and less commonly form coalescing *** occur only in the lower portion of the ca.90-m measured *** of the mudstone beds contain calcretes that are immature(calcic Protosols to calcic Argillisols),but the lower to middle portion of the section also contains mature calcrete horizons(argillic Calcisols and Calcisols).Intercalated micritic limestone beds with sharp contacts containing root traces,are of laterally variable thickness and grade to nodular *** are interpreted as floodplain pond carbonates that have undergone pedogenic alteration(palustrine limestones),indicating long periods of exposure under strongly seasonal climatic *** isotopic composition of the pedogenic carbonate displays a substantial range of values,but most of the range of variation in isotopic composition is accounted for by isotopically heavier carbonate(both carbon and oxygen) precipitated in shallow ponds subject to intense pedogenic reworking(palustrine carbonate).During the early Permian,northern new Mexico was situated in a near equatorial position(ca.4° n).The overall character of the paleosols suggests a persistent warm,semi-humid,seasonal climate throughout most of the interval of deposition during the Wolfcampian,but with episodically increased aridity during formation of the more mature *** long-term trend of climate change is evident in the stratigraphic section examined for this study.

关键词： Sangre de Cristo Formation Wolfcampian Vertisol Argillisol Calcisol Protosol

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