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Stratigraphic analysis of intercalated graphite electrodes in aqueous inorganic acid solutions

Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1120-1127页

作者： Stefania De Rosa Paolo Branchini Valentina Spampinato Alexis Franquet Rossella Yivlialin Lamberto Duo Gianlorenzo Bussetti luca tortora LASR3 Surface Analysis Laboratory INFN Roma Trevia della Vasca Navale 8400146 RomeItaly Department of Mathematics and Physics Roma Tre Universityvia della Vasca Navale 8400146 RomeItaly Imec Kapeldreef 75B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fiir Materialen und Energie GmbH Institute for Solar Fuels(EE-IF)Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1D-14109 BerlinGermany Department of Physics Politecnico di MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 321-20133 MilanoItaly Department of Science Roma Tre Universityvia della Vasca Navale 8400146 RomeItaly

A detailed stratigraphic investigation of the intercalation mechanism when graphite electrodes are immersed inside diluted perchloric(HClO_(4))and sulfuric(H_(2)SO_(4))electrolytes is obtained by comparing results when graphite crystals are simply immersed in the same acid *** combining time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS)and in-situ atomic force microscopy(AFM),we provide a picture of the chemical species involved in the intercalation *** depth intensity profile of the ion signals along the electrode crystal clearly shows a more complex mechanism for the intercalation process,where the local morphology of the basal plane plays a crucial *** anions are mostly located within the first tens of nanometers of graphite,but electrolytes also diffuse inside the buried layers for hundreds of nanometers,the latter process is also aided by the presence of mesoscopic crystal *** material from the electrolyte solution was found localized in well-defined circular spots,which represent preferential interaction ***,blister-like micro-structures similar to those observed on the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)surface were found in the buried layers,confirming the equivalence of the chemical condition on the graphite surface and in the underneath layers.

关键词： highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG) intercalation graphite graphene time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS) atomic force microscopy(AFM)

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Interpreting siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mulargia-Escalaplano Basin(Sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： luca G.Costamagna Sara Criniti Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian age are exposed in Sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratigraphic evolution of the Mulargia-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central Sardinia) has been investigated to highlight how the tectono-magmatic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along well-characterized stratigraphic sections to provide a new insight into the impact of the tectono-magmatic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the conglomerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition changes in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening and the dismantling and reworking of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly changes from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same change of feeding and reworking of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites suggest exceptional floods carrying debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic grains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a progressive unroofing of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrography Stratigraphy Provenance Molassic basins Sardinia

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Well-Posedness of Stochastic Continuity Equations on Riemannian Manifolds

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 81-122页

作者： luca GALIMBERTI Kenneth H.KARLSEN Department of Mathematical Sciences NTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway Department of mathematics University of OsloP.O.Box 1053BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

The authors analyze continuity equations with Stratonovich stochasticity,■ρ+divh[ρo(u(t,x)+∑_(i=1)^(N)a_(i)(x)w_(i)(t))]=0defined on a smooth closed Riemannian manifold M with metric *** velocity field u is perturbed by Gaussian noise terms Wi(t),:WN(t)driven by smooth spatially dependent vector fields a1(x),...,aN(x)on *** velocity u belongs to L_(t)^(1)W_(x)^(1,2)with divh u bounded in Lf,for p>d+2,where d is the dimension of M(they do not assume div_(h) u∈L_(t,x)^(∞)).For carefully chosen noise vector fields ai(and the number N of them),they show that the initial-value problem is well-posed in the class of weak L^(2) solutions,although the problem can be ill-posed in the deterministic case because of concentration *** proof of this“regularization by noise”result is based on a L^(2) estimate,which is obtained by a duality method,and a weak compactness argument.

关键词： Stochastic continuity equation Riemannian manifold Hyperbolic equa-tion Non-smooth velocity field Weak solution Existence Uniqueness

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Flexible fully organic indirect detector for megaelectronvolts proton beams

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 513-523页

作者： Sabrina Calvi Laura Basiricò Sara M.Carturan Ilaria Fratelli Antonio Valletta Alberto Aloisio Stefania De Rosa Felix Pino Marcello Campajola Andrea Ciavatti luca tortora Matteo Rapisarda Sandra Moretto Matteo Verdi Stefano Bertoldo Olivia Cesarini Paolo Di Meo Massimo Chiari Francesco Tommasino Ettore Sarnelli Luigi Mariucci Paolo Branchini Alberto Quaranta Beatrice Fraboni INFN Sezione di RomaTreVia Della Vasca Navale 8400146 RomaItaly CNR-Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems(IMM)Via Del Fosso Del Cavaliere 10000133 RomeItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy University of BolognaViale C.Berti Pichat 6/240127 BolognaItaly INFN Sezione di BolognaViale C.Berti Pichat 6/240127 BolognaItaly Department of Physics and Astronomy University of PadovaVia Marzolo 8PadovaItaly INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro Viale dell’Università2LegnaroItaly University of Naples Federico II Department of PhysicsComplesso Univ.di Monte S.AngeloEdificio GVia Cintia80126 NapoliItaly INFN-Sezione di Napoli-Complesso Univ.di Monte S.Angelo Edificio GVia Cintia80126 NapoliItaly CNR-SPIN Via Campi Flegrei3480078 PozzuoliNAItaly Task Force di Bioelettronica University of Naples Federico IINapoliItaly Department of Sciences Roma Tre UniversityVia della Vasca Navale 8400146 RomaItaly INFN Sezione di PadovaVia Marzolo 8PadovaItaly INFN Sezione di FirenzeVia G.Sansone 150019 Sesto FiorentinoFlorenceItaly Department of Physics University of TrentoVia Sommarive 1438123 TrentoPovoItaly INFN-TIFPA Via Sommarive 1438123 TrentoPovoItaly Department of Industrial Engineering University of TrentoVia Sommarive 938123 TrentoPovoItaly

A flexible,fully organic detector for proton beams is presented *** detector operates in the indirect mode and is composed of a polysiloxane-based scintillating layer coupled to an organic phototransistor,that is assessed for flexibility and low-voltage operation(V=−1 V),with a limit of detection of 0.026 Gy min^(−1).We present a kinetic model able to precisely reproduce the dynamic response of the device under irradiation and to provide further insight into the physical processes controlling *** detector is designed to target real-time and in-situ dose monitoring during proton therapy and demonstrates mechanical flexibility and low power operation,assessing its potential employment as a personal dosimeter with high comfort and low risk for the *** results show how such a proton detector represents a promising tool for real-time particle detection over a large area and irregular surfaces,suitable for many applications,from experimental scientific research to innovative theranostics.

关键词： fully limit insight

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Radiomics and artificial intelligence applications in pediatric brain tumors

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第8期20卷 747-763页

作者： Francesco Pacchiano Mario tortora Chiara Doneda Giana Izzo Filippo Arrigoni Lorenzo Ugga Renato Cuocolo Cecilia Parazzini Andrea Righini Arturo Brunetti Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania“L.Vanvitelli”CasertaItaly Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences University of Naples“Federico II”Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Head and Neck Neuroradiology UnitAORN MoscatiAvellinoItaly Department of Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology V.Buzzi Children’s HospitalMilanItaly Department of Medicine Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly

Background The study of central nervous system(CNS)tumors is particularly relevant in the pediatric population because of their relatively high frequency in this demographic and the significant impact on disease-and treatment-related morbidity and *** both morphological and non-morphological magnetic resonance imaging techniques can give important information concerning tumor characterization,grading,and patient prognosis,increasing evidence in recent years has highlighted the need for personalized treatment and the development of quantitative imaging parameters that can predict the nature of the lesion and its possible *** this purpose,radiomics and the use of artificial intelligence software,aimed at obtaining valuable data from images beyond mere visual observation,are gaining increasing *** brief review illustrates the current state of the art of this new imaging approach and its contributions to understanding CNS tumors in *** sources We searched the PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science databases using the following key search terms:(“radiomics”AND/OR“artificial intelligence”)AND(“pediatric AND brain tumors”).Basic and clinical research literature related to the above key research terms,i.e.,studies assessing the key factors,challenges,or problems of using radiomics and artificial intelligence in pediatric brain tumors management,was *** A total of 63 articles were *** included ones were published between 2008 and *** nervous tumors are crucial in pediatrics due to their high frequency and impact on disease and *** serves as the cornerstone of neuroimaging,providing cellular,vascular,and functional information in addition to morphological features for brain *** can provide a quantitative approach to medical imaging analysis,aimed at increasing the information obtainable from the pixels/voxel grey-level values and their ***“radiomic workflow”in

关键词： Machine learning Neuroradiology Pediatric brain tumors Radiomics

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Topological optimization of ballistic protective structures through genetic algorithms in a vulnerability-driven environment

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 125-137页

作者： Salvatore Annunziata luca Lomazzi Marco Giglio Andrea Manes Politecnico di Milano Department of Mechanical EngineeringVia Giuseppe La Masa120156Italy

Reducing the vulnerability of a platform,i.e.,the risk of being affected by hostile objects,is of paramount importance in the design process of vehicles,especially aircraft.A simple and effective way to decrease vulnerability is to introduce protective structures to intercept and possibly stop ***,this type of solution can lead to a significant increase in weight,affecting the performance of the *** this reason,it is crucial to study possible solutions that allow reducing the vulnerability of the aircraft while containing the increase in structural *** possible strategy is to optimize the topology of protective solutions to find the optimal balance between vulnerability and the weight of the added *** the many optimization techniques available in the literature for this purpose,multiobjective genetic algorithms stand out as promising *** this context,this work proposes the use of a in-house software for vulnerability calculation to guide the process of topology optimization through multi-objective genetic algorithms,aiming to simultaneously minimize the weight of protective structures and *** addition to the use of the in-house software,which itself represents a novelty in the field of topology optimization of structures,the method incorporates a custom mutation function within the genetic algorithm,specifically developed using a graph-based approach to ensure the continuity of the generated *** tool developed for this work is capable of generating protections with optimized layouts considering two different types of impacting objects,namely bullets and fragments from detonating *** software outputs a set of non-dominated solutions describing different topologies that the user can choose from.

关键词： Topological optimization Protective structure Genetic algorithm Survivability Vulnerability

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High-speed tracked vehicle model order reduction for static and dynamic simulations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 89-110页

作者： luca Dimauro Simone Venturini Antonio Tota Enrico Galvagno Mauro Velardocchia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi2410129TorinoItaly

In this paper, a model order reduction strategy is adopted for the static and dynamic behaviour simulation of a high-speed tracked vehicle. The total number of degree of freedom of the structure is condensed through a selection of interface degrees of freedom and significant global mode shapes, for an approximated description of vehicle dynamic behaviour. The methodology is implemented in a customised open-source software to reduce the computational efforts. The modelled tracked vehicle includes the sprung mass, the unsprung masses, connected by means of torsional bars, and all the track assemblies, composing the track chain. The proposed research activity presents a comprehensive investigation of the influence of the track chain, combined with longitudinal vehicle speed, on statics and vehicle dynamics, focusing on vertical dynamics. The vehicle response has been investigated both in frequency and time domain. In this last case road-wheel displacements are assumed as inputs for the model, under different working conditions, hence considering several road profiles with different amplitudes and characteristic excitation frequencies. Simulation results have proven a high fidelity in model order reduction approach and a significant contribution of the track chain in the global dynamic behaviour of the tracked vehicle.

关键词： Tracked vehicle dynamics Rubber characteristics Component mode synthesis Modal analysis Open-source

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Application of flame-formed carbon nanoparticle films for ethanol sensing Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 202-210页

作者： Pegah Darvehi luca Basta Mario Commodo Patrizia Minutolo Andrea D'Anna Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la MobilitàSostenibili Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheP.le Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione IndustrialeUniversitàdegli Studi di Napoli Federico IIP.le Tecchio 8080125NapoliItaly

Carbon nanoparticles(CNPs)have received considerable attention due to their exceptional qualities and *** unique physical and chemical characteristics make them extremely intriguing as materials for numerous high-potential applications,such as electronics and gas *** study focused on producing carbon-based nanomaterial devices by deposition of flame-formed carbon nanoparticles on a suitable substrate and investigating their gas-sensing *** were produced in a fuel-rich laminar premixed ethylene/air flame and the collected CNP film was morphologically and electrically *** electrical conductivity of the film was investigated as a function of ethanol concentration and amount of deposited ***,CNP films exhibited high sensitivity to ambient ethanol gas concentrations,and rapid recovery times at room temperature,and showed a sensitivity increasing with the amount of deposited material and the surface *** findings demonstrate the high potential of combustion-generated CNPs as building materials for low-cost and portable ethanol sensors.

关键词： Flame synthesis Carbon nanoparticles Soot Nanostructured thin film Optical and electrical characterization Atomic force microscopy Sensors

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Development of deep-learning-based autonomous agents for low-speed maneuvering in Unity

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第3期7卷 229-244页

作者： Riccardo Berta luca Lazzaroni Alessio Capello Marianna Cossu luca Forneris Alessandro Pighetti Francesco Bellotti Electrical Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and Naval Architecture Department(DITEN)University of GenoaGenoa 16145Italy

This study provides a systematic analysis of the resource-consuming training of deep reinforcement-learning (DRL) agents for simulated low-speed automated driving (AD). In Unity, this study established two case studies: garage parking and navigating an obstacle-dense area. Our analysis involves training a path-planning agent with real-time-only sensor information. This study addresses research questions insufficiently covered in the literature, exploring curriculum learning (CL), agent generalization (knowledge transfer), computation distribution (CPU vs. GPU), and mapless navigation. CL proved necessary for the garage scenario and beneficial for obstacle avoidance. It involved adjustments at different stages, including terminal conditions, environment complexity, and reward function hyperparameters, guided by their evolution in multiple training attempts. Fine-tuning the simulation tick and decision period parameters was crucial for effective training. The abstraction of high-level concepts (e.g., obstacle avoidance) necessitates training the agent in sufficiently complex environments in terms of the number of obstacles. While blogs and forums discuss training machine learning models in Unity, a lack of scientific articles on DRL agents for AD persists. However, since agent development requires considerable training time and difficult procedures, there is a growing need to support such research through scientific means. In addition to our findings, we contribute to the R&D community by providing our environment with open sources.

关键词： automated driving autonomous agents deep reinforcement learning curriculum learning modeling and simulation

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Prevention of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with novel systemic therapies:Who and Why?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 509-511页

作者： Matteo Tonnini Clara Solera Horna luca Ielasi Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Infectious Disease Unit Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42123Italy Department of Internal Medicine Ospedale degli Infermi di FaenzaFaenza 48018Italy

The risk of reactivation in patients with chronic or past/resolved hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs is a wellknown *** indication of antiviral prophylaxis with nucleo(t)side analogue is given according to the risk of HBV reactivation of the prescribed *** the advent of new drugs is occurring in all the field of medicine,in the setting of hematologic malignancies the last few years have been characterized by several drug classes and innovative cellular *** novel therapies,there are few data about the rate of HBV reactivation and the decision of starting or not an antiviral prophylaxis could be ***,patients are often treated with a combination of different drugs,so evaluating the actual role of these new therapies in increasing the risk of HBV reactivation is *** results are now available,but further studies are still *** with chronic HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive]are reasonably all ***/resolved HBV patients(HBsAg negative)are the actual area of uncertainty where it could be difficult choosing between prophylaxis and pre-emptive strategy.

关键词： Hepatitis B reactivation Hepatitis B virus Antiviral prophylaxis Hematologic malignancies Chimeric antigens receptor-T cell therapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors

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